Note: Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Authors -- Chapter 1: Introduction to Environmental Measurements -- 1.1 Role of Measurement in Environmental Studies -- 1.1.1 Units of Measurement -- 1.1.2 Conversions between Units -- 1.1.3 Significant Figures -- 1.2 Pollutants: Sources and Measurements -- 1.2.1 Classes of Environmental Contaminants -- 1.2.1.1 Products of Combustion -- 1.2.1.2 Industrial Emissions -- 1.2.1.3 Other Sources of Environmental Contamination -- 1.2.2 Regulating the Environment -- 1.3 Design of Environmental Studies -- 1.3.1 Sampling and Analysis -- 1.4 Basic Statistical Data Handling -- 1.4.1 Errors in Quantitative Analysis -- 1.4.2 Statistics of Repeated Measurements: Precision -- 1.4.2.1 Precision and Standard Deviation -- 1.4.3 Distribution of Error -- 1.4.4 Confidence Interval and the t-Distribution -- 1.4.4.1 Estimation of Mean from Several Sets of Measurements -- 1.4.4.2 Estimation of Standard Deviation from Several Sets of Measurements -- 1.5 Significance Tests -- 1.5.1 Hypothesis Testing -- 1.5.1.1 Comparison between a Measured and a Known Value -- 1.5.1.2 Comparison of the Mean of Two Samples -- 1.5.1.3 Comparison of Standard Deviations Using the F-Test -- 1.5.2 Outliers -- 1.5.2.1 Rule of the Huge Error -- 1.5.2.2 Dixon Test for Rejection of Outliers -- 1.5.3 Reporting Data -- 1.6 Standards and Calibration -- 1.6.1 Calibration Methods -- 1.6.2 Standard Addition Method -- 1.7 Performance of Analytical Methods: Figures of Merit -- 1.7.1 Sensitivity -- 1.7.2 Detection Limit -- 1.7.3 Range of Quantitation -- 1.7.4 Validation of New Methods -- Study Questions -- Chapter 2: Environmental Sampling -- 2.1 The Sampling Plan -- 2.1.1 Spatial and Temporal Variability -- 2.1.2 Development of the Plan -- 2.1.3 Sampling Strategies -- 2.1.3.1 Systematic Sampling. , 2.1.3.2 Random Sampling -- 2.1.3.3 Judgmental Sampling -- 2.1.3.4 Stratified Sampling -- 2.1.3.5 Haphazard Sampling -- 2.1.3.6 Continuous Monitoring -- 2.2 Types of Samples -- 2.3 Sampling and Analysis -- 2.3.1 Samples in the Laboratory -- 2.4 Statistical Aspects of Sampling -- 2.5 Water Sampling -- 2.5.1 Surface Water Sampling -- 2.5.2 Ground Water Well Sampling -- 2.6 Biological Tissue Sampling -- 2.7 Soil Sampling -- 2.8 Sampling Stratified Levels in Containers -- 2.9 Preservation of Samples -- 2.9.1 Volatilization -- 2.9.2 Choice of Proper Containers -- 2.9.3 Absorption of Gases from the Atmosphere -- 2.9.4 Chemical Changes -- 2.9.5 Sample Preservation for Soil, Sludges, and Hazardous Wastes -- Study Questions -- Chapter 3: Spectroscopic Methods -- 3.1 Spectroscopic Methods for Environmental Analysis -- 3.1.1 Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation -- 3.1.2 The Electromagnetic Spectrum -- 3.1.3 Radiation and Matter -- 3.2 Absorption Spectroscopy -- 3.2.1 Beer's Law -- 3.3 Emission Spectroscopy -- 3.3.1 Fluorescence -- 3.3.2 Atomic Emission -- 3.4 Spectroscopic Apparatus -- 3.4.1 Light Sources -- 3.4.2 Wavelength Selection -- 3.4.2.1 Filters -- 3.4.2.2 Monochromators -- 3.4.3 Detectors -- 3.5 Ultraviolet and Visible Absorption Spectroscopy -- 3.5.1 UV and Visible Instrumentation -- 3.5.1.1 Light Sources -- 3.5.1.2 UV-Vis Detectors -- 3.5.1.3 Ultraviolet: Visible Spectroscopy Samples -- 3.5.2 Colorimetry -- 3.6 Infrared Spectroscopy -- 3.6.1 Scanning Infrared Instrumentation -- 3.6.1.1 IR Sources -- 3.6.1.2 Infrared Monochromators -- 3.6.2 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry -- 3.6.2.1 Advantages of FTIR -- 3.6.2.2 Samples for Infrared Spectroscopy -- 3.7 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy -- 3.7.1 Flame Atomic Absorbance Spectroscopy -- 3.7.2 Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry -- 3.7.3 Interferences in Atomic Absorption. , 3.7.3.1 Spectral Interference -- 3.7.3.2 Chemical Interference -- 3.7.3.3 Ionization Interference -- 3.7.3.4 Background Correction in Atomic Absorption Spectrometry -- 3.8 Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy -- 3.8.1 Comparison of Atomic Spectroscopic Methods -- 3.9 X-Ray Fluorescence -- 3.9.1 Wavelength-Dispersive XRF versus Energy-Dispersive XRF -- 3.9.2 X-Ray Instrumentation -- 3.9.2.1 Sources -- 3.9.2.2 X-Ray Detectors -- 3.9.2.3 X-Ray Fluorescence Samples -- 3.10 Hyphenated Spectroscopic Methods -- Study Questions -- Chapter 4: Chromatographic Methods -- 4.1 Principles of Chromatography -- 4.1.1 Column Efficiency -- 4.1.2 The General Elution Problem -- 4.2 Quantitation in Chromatography -- 4.2.1 External Standard Method -- 4.2.2 The Internal Standard Method -- 4.3 Gas Chromatography -- 4.3.1 Injection Devices -- 4.3.2 Columns -- 4.3.2.1 Packed Columns -- 4.3.2.2 Open Tubular Columns -- 4.3.2.3 Column Temperature -- 4.4 GC Detectors -- 4.4.1 Thermal Conductivity Detector -- 4.4.2 Flame Ionization Detector -- 4.4.3 Electron Capture Detector -- 4.4.4 Photoionization Detector -- 4.4.5 Flame Photometric Detector -- 4.4.6 Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector -- 4.4.7 Thermionic or Nitrogen-Phosphorous Detector -- 4.4.8 Pulsed Discharge Detector -- 4.4.9 Mass Selective Detector -- 4.4.10 Comparison of Detectors -- 4.5 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography -- 4.5.1 Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatography -- 4.5.2 Normal Phase Liquid Chromatography -- 4.6 HPLC Instrumentation -- 4.6.1 Solvent Delivery Systems -- 4.6.2 Solvent Gradient Systems -- 4.6.3 Sample Injectors -- 4.6.4 HPLC Columns -- 4.6.4.1 Precolumns and Guard Columns -- 4.6.4.2 Analytical Columns -- 4.6.4.3 Eluents -- 4.7 HPLC Detectors -- 4.7.1 UV Absorption Detectors -- 4.7.2 Fluorescence Detectors -- 4.7.3 Evaporative Light Scattering Detector -- 4.7.4 Mass Spectrometric Detection. , 4.8 Ion Chromatography -- 4.9 Supercritical Fluid Chromatography -- 4.9.1 SFC Instrumentation -- 4.10 Applications of Chromatography in Environmental Analysis -- Study Questions -- Chapter 5: Mass Spectrometry -- 5.1 Interpretation of Spectra -- 5.2 Basic Instrumentation -- 5.2.1 Vacuum System -- 5.2.2 Inlet -- 5.3 Ion Sources -- 5.3.1 Electron Impact Ionization -- 5.3.2 Chemical Ionization -- 5.3.3 Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Sources -- 5.3.4 Proton Transfer Reaction MS -- 5.4 Mass Analyzers -- 5.4.1 Quadrupole Mass Analyzer -- 5.4.2 Magnetic Sector Mass Analyzer -- 5.4.3 The Ion Trap Mass Analyzer -- 5.5 Ion Detectors -- 5.6 Gas Chromatography MS -- 5.7 Liquid Chromatography MS -- 5.8 Inductively Coupled Plasma MS -- 5.9 Data Collection -- 5.10 Library Searching Techniques -- Study Questions -- Chapter 6: Sample Preparation Techniques -- 6.1 Extraction of Organic Analytes from Liquid Samples -- 6.1.1 Liquid-Liquid Extraction -- 6.1.1.1 Successive Extractions -- 6.1.1.2 Instrumentation for LLE -- 6.1.1.3 Continuous LLE -- 6.1.2 Solid-Phase Extraction -- 6.1.2.1 The SPE Process -- 6.1.2.2 Advantages of SPE -- 6.1.3 Solid-Phase Microextraction -- 6.2 Extraction of Organic Analytes from Solid Samples -- 6.2.1 Soxhlet Extraction -- 6.2.2 Accelerated Solvent Extraction -- 6.2.3 Ultrasonic Extraction of Organics -- 6.2.4 Supercritical Fluid Extraction -- 6.2.4.1 Instrumentation -- 6.2.4.2 Choosing SFE Conditions -- 6.2.4.3 Advantages of SFE -- 6.3 Post-Extraction Procedures -- 6.3.1 Concentration of Sample Extracts -- 6.3.2 Sample Cleanup -- 6.4 Extraction of Metals from Sample Matrices -- 6.4.1 Acid Digestion of Samples for Determination of Metals -- 6.4.2 Extraction Procedures -- 6.4.3 Microwave Digestion -- 6.4.4 Ultrasonic Extraction -- 6.4.5 Organic Extraction of Metals -- 6.4.5.1 Formation of Metal Chelates. , 6.5 Speciation of Metals in Environmental Samples -- Study Questions -- Chapter 7: Chemical Methods -- 7.1 Types of Chemical Reactions -- 7.1.1 Precipitation -- 7.1.2 Complexation and Chelation Reactions -- 7.1.3 Oxidation/Reduction Reactions -- 7.1.4 Derivatization Reactions -- 7.1.4.1 Alkylation and Acylation -- 7.1.4.2 Sylilation -- 7.1.4.3 Diazotization -- 7.1.4.4 Selection of Derivatizing Reagent -- 7.2 Wet Methods -- 7.2.1 Titrations -- 7.2.2 Titration Calculations -- 7.2.3 Types of Titrations -- 7.3 Colorimetric Methods -- 7.3.1 Colorimetric Indicating Tubes for Air Pollutants -- Study Questions -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 8: Electrochemical Methods -- 8.1 Potentiometric Measurements -- 8.1.1 pH Measurement -- 8.1.2 Other Specific Ion Electrodes -- 8.2 Determination of Metals by Voltammetry -- Study Questions -- Chapter 9: Radiochemical Methods -- 9.1 Units of Measurement -- 9.2 Instruments for Measuring Radioactivity -- 9.2.1 Gas: Flow Proportional Counters -- 9.2.2 Alpha Scintillation Counter -- 9.2.3 Liquid Scintillation Counters -- 9.2.4 Alpha Spectrometers -- 9.2.5 Gamma Spectrometers -- 9.3 Determination of Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity -- 9.3.1 Evaporation Method -- 9.3.1.1 Gross Activity of the Sample -- 9.3.1.2 Activity of Dissolved and Suspended Matter -- 9.3.1.3 Activity of Semisolid Samples -- 9.3.2 Coprecipitation Method for Gross Alpha Activity -- 9.4 Measurement of Specific Radionuclides -- 9.4.1 Radium -- 9.4.1.1 Precipitation Method and Alpha Counting -- 9.4.1.2 Precipitation and Emanation Method to Measure Radium as Radon-222 -- 9.4.1.3 Sequential Precipitation Method -- 9.4.1.4 Measurement of Radium-224 by Gamma Spectroscopy -- 9.4.2 Radon -- 9.4.3 Uranium -- 9.4.3.1 Determination of Total Alpha Activity -- 9.4.3.2 Determination of Isotopic Content of Uranium Alpha Activity -- 9.4.4 Radioactive Strontium. , 9.4.5 Tritium.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Interactive Browsing of Large Image Repositories -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Image Database Navigation Systems -- 3 Hue Sphere Image Browser-Principles -- 4 Hue Sphere Image Browser-Systems -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Intelligent Computing -- 2 Building Unmanned Plant Factory with Modular Robotic Manipulation and Logistics Systems -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview of the Integrated Logistics Systems -- 3 Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) -- 3.1 Overview of the UGV -- 3.2 Hardware of the UGV -- 4 Docking System -- 5 Smart Remote-Control System -- 6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 3 A Comprehensive Looks at Data Mining Techniques Contributing to Medical Data Growth: A Survey of Researcher Reviews -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 An Overview of Data Mining -- 3 Proposed Reviews -- 4 Summary -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 Risk Evaluation in TSC Based on Fuzzy Linguistic Information and QFD -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Risk Evaluation in TSC Based on Fuzzy Linguistic Term -- 2.1 2-Tuple Fuzzy Linguistic Model -- 2.2 Risk Analysis Based on Quality Function Deployment -- 2.3 Risk Evaluation Based on Fuzzy QFD -- 3 Case Study -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Study on Total Factor Productivity of Nanshan District in Shenzhen -- Abstract -- 1 Foreword -- 2 The Measure of Factor Productivity -- 2.1 Model and Parameter Estimation -- 2.1.1 Selection of Production Function -- 2.1.2 Parameter Estimation of Production Function -- 2.2 Efficiency of Economic Operation -- 3 Explain the Growth Phases of Economy in Nanshan District -- 4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 6 Image Spam Filtering Using Weighted Spatial Pyramid Networks -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 ADAMM Stochastic Optimization Algorithm. , 4 WSP-Net Real-Time Image Recognition Model -- 5 Performance -- 6 Discussion and Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Research on the Technology Used to Inspect the Visual Appearance of Tropical Fruit, based on Machine Vision Color Space -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Characteristics of Hainan Tropical Fruit -- 3 Machine Vision (Computer Vision) Detection Technology -- 4 Applied Research -- 5 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Research on the Mixed-Learning Model and the Innovative Talent Cultivation Mechanism Based on Computational Thinking -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Domestic and Foreign Research Status -- 3 Research on the Cultivation Mode of Ability in Computational Thinking -- 4 The Purpose of Researching Computational Thinking -- 5 Cultivating the Technical Method of Calculating Thinking -- 6 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 9 Review of Domestic and Foreign Research on the Elderly's Use of Mobile Phones -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Research Method -- 2.1 Literature Review and Database Selection -- 2.2 Search Term and Evaluation of Literature Relevance -- 2.3 Analysis and Reorganization -- 3 Influencing Factors for the Elderly's Use of Mobile Phones -- 3.1 Characteristics of the Elderly -- 3.2 Personal Motivation -- 3.3 Sociodemographic Factors -- 3.4 Technology Convenience -- 4 Prospects -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 10 Research on Face Detection Based on Fast R-CNN -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Face Detection Fast R-CNN -- 2.1 The Construction of Face Detection -- 2.2 Fast R-CNN -- 2.3 ROI Pooling Layer Calculation -- 2.4 Output Layer Regression Calculation -- 3 Experimental Part -- 3.1 Experimental Platform -- 3.2 Experimental Results and Analysis -- 4 Summary -- References -- 11 Research and Optimization of Data Sparsity in Collaborative Filtering Algorithms -- Abstract. , 1 Introduction -- 2 Cooperative Filtering Algorithm Based on Memory -- 3 Algorithm Design and Implementation -- 3.1 Problem Analysis -- 3.2 Algorithm Design and Implementation -- 4 Experimental Results and Analysis -- 4.1 Experimental Data and Environment -- 4.2 Experimental Results -- 5 Summary -- References -- 12 A Robust Image Segmentation Approach Using Fuzzy C-Means Clustering with Local Coefficient of Variation -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Motivation -- 3 The Proposed Method -- 4 Results and Analysis -- 4.1 Synthetic Images -- 4.2 MR Brain Images -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 13 A Method to Mine Frequent Dense Resources Across Multiple Real-Value Function's Resource Effectiveness Matrixes -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Problem Description -- 3 Mining Frequent Dense Resource Sets -- 4 Results -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 14 Augmenting Concolic Testing with Weighted Constraints-Based Search -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview -- 2.1 Concolic Testing -- 2.2 Search Strategies -- 3 Implementation -- 3.1 CFG Construction -- 3.2 Path Constraints Collect and Evaluate -- 3.3 Sort the Paths and Solve Constraints -- 4 Evaluation -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 15 Research of TDOA Cooperative Direction Finding Algorithm Based on LLS and Taylor -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Algorithm Description -- 2.1 Direction Finding Model Based on TDOA -- 2.2 Cooperative Algorithm Based on LLS and Taylor -- 3 Error Analysis -- 3.1 Cramer-Rao Lower Bound -- 3.2 Mean Square Error -- 4 Simulation Experiments -- 4.1 Parameter Setting -- 4.2 Estimate Results of Direction -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 16 KCF Tracking Algorithm Based on Outlier Detection -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 KCF Tracking Algorithm -- 2.1 Training Classifiers -- 2.2 Target Detection. , 3 Improved KCF Algorithm -- 3.1 Target Detection -- 3.2 Re-Detection and Localization Mechanism -- 4 Experimental Results and Analysis -- 4.1 Experimental Environment and Parameters -- 4.2 Assessment Criteria -- 4.3 Performance Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 17 Spectral Clustering Algorithm Based on Attribute Weight of Information Entropy -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Weighted Euclid Distance Based on Information Entropy -- 3 Algorithm -- 4 Experiment -- References -- 18 Interference Location Using an Improved TDOA Algorithm with Antenna Array and Beamforming -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 TDOA Method Description -- 3 Improved TDOA Using Array Antenna -- 4 Experiments and Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 19 Reconstruction Algorithm of Discontinuous Point for a Class of Shallow Water Equations by MQQI -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Equations -- 3 Numerical Methods -- 4 Numerical Examples -- 4.1 The KDV Equation -- 4.2 The C-H Equation -- 4.3 The D-P Equation -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 20 Salmon Migration Optimization: A Novel Nature-Inspired Algorithm -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Salmon Migration Optimization (SMO) -- 2.1 Inspiration -- 2.2 Algorithm Flow and Mathematical Model -- 2.2.1 SMO Algorithm -- 2.2.2 Water Flow Oriented Heuristic -- 2.2.3 Magnetic Oriented Heuristic -- 2.2.4 Pheromone Oriented Heuristic -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Benchmark Functions and Experimental Setting -- 3.2 Comparison Results and Analysis -- 3.2.1 Unimodal Test Functions and Exploitation Analysis -- 3.2.2 Multi-modal Test Functions and Exploration Analysis -- 3.2.3 Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test Results and Analysis -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- 21 An Intelligent Logistic Regression Approach for Verb Expression's Sentiment Analysis -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology. , 2.1 Verb Expression Extractor and Vectorization -- 2.2 New Feature Finding with PSO -- 2.3 Regression Coefficient Computation -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Datasets -- 3.2 Experimental Results -- 4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 22 Lyapunov Inequality for Conformable Fractional Equation -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Definition, Lemma, and Remark -- 3 Main Results -- 4 Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 23 Feature Extraction and Classification of Dynamic and Static Gestures Based on RealSense -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 2.1 Intel RealSense Technology -- 2.2 Hand Data Acquisition -- 2.3 Gesture Customization -- 3 Feature Analysis and Extraction -- 3.1 Gesture Feature Analysis and Calculation -- 3.2 Feature Set Selection -- 4 Experiment and Analysis -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 24 Research on Passive Acoustic Source Direction Finding Based on TDOA -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Development of Passive Acoustic Direction Finding -- 3 Direction-Finding Algorithm -- 3.1 Method of Solving Equations -- 3.2 Linear Least Square Method -- 4 The Current Direction-Finding Problems -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 25 Evaluation of English Speech Quality Based on Deep Belief Network -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Speech Signal Preprocessing and Feature Extraction -- 2.1 The Preprocessing of Speech Signals -- 2.2 Extraction of Speech Feature Parameters -- 3 Multi-parameter Pronunciation Quality Evaluation Based on Deep Belief Network -- 3.1 Restricted Boltzmann Machine -- 3.2 Deep Belief Network -- 4 Experiment Simulation and Result Analysis -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- 26 Integrated Simulation Design of UAV System -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Scheme Design -- 2.1 Development Process of Integrated Simulation -- 2.2 Simulation Objects and Integrated Simulation System. , 3 Real-Time Simulation System Design.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Editorial -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Digital Business Transformation -- Towards Algorithmic Business: A Paradigm Shift in Digital Business -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Emergence of Algorithms in Business -- 3 Digital to Algorithmic Transformation -- 4 Deployment Strategies of IoT -- 5 Business Algorithms -- 5.1 Google's Algorithms -- 5.2 Amazon's Algorithm -- 5.3 Face Book's News Feed Algorithm -- 6 Applications -- 6.1 Manufacturing Industries -- 6.2 Health Care Industries -- 6.3 Smart Products -- 6.4 Retail and E-Commerce Industries -- 6.5 Smart Cities -- 6.6 Education Industries -- 6.7 Airline Industry -- 6.8 Human Resources -- 6.9 Transportation -- 6.10 Stock Trading -- 7 Challenges -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- A Decentralized Business Ecosystem Model for Complex Products -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background and Methodology -- 2.1 Business Ecosystems -- 2.2 Methodology -- 3 Overall Objectives -- 3.1 Complex Product Scenarios -- 3.2 Business Goals -- 3.3 Requirements -- 4 Related Work -- 5 Outlining a Decentralized Business Ecosystem for Complex Products -- 5.1 Model and Concept -- 5.2 Ecosystem Structure -- 6 Ecosystem Architecture -- 6.1 High-Level Overview -- 6.2 Peer Application -- 6.3 Decentralized Market Space (DMS) -- 6.4 Inner Workings: Transaction Process for Complex Products -- 6.5 Demonstrator -- 7 Conclusions and Outlook -- References -- Compliance Management in Business Processes -- 1 Introduction or Overview -- 2 Compliance Management-Concepts and Terminology -- 3 Case Study -- 4 The Compliance Management Lifecycle -- 4.1 Elicitation -- 4.2 Formalization (Specification) -- 4.3 Implementation -- 4.4 Supervision -- 4.5 Improvement -- 5 Compliance Monitoring Functionalities (CMFs) -- 6 Challenges -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Cloud Computing. , Sustainable Cloud Computing Realization for Different Applications: A Manifesto -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sustainable Cloud Computing: Architecture -- 3 State-of-the-Art: Application Management -- 4 Taxonomy of Application Management for Sustainable Cloud Computing -- 4.1 QoS Parameter -- 4.2 Application Parameters -- 4.3 Application Scheduling -- 4.4 Application Category -- 4.5 Application Domain -- 4.6 Resource Administration -- 4.7 Coordination -- 4.8 Application Model -- 5 Gap Analysis and Future Research Directions -- 5.1 Application Modeling -- 5.2 Resource Management -- 5.3 Energy Efficiency -- 5.4 Reliability and Fault Tolerance -- 5.5 Security and Privacy -- 5.6 Scalability -- 5.7 Latency -- 5.8 Data Management -- 5.9 Auditing -- 5.10 New Technological Developments -- 6 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Auction Based Scheme for Resource Allotment in Cloud Computing -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 A Taxonomy of Market Technical Aspects -- 2.2 Auction Theory -- 3 Market-Based Resource Management Model -- 4 Objective and Design of Proposed Algorithm -- 4.1 Architecture of Cloud -- 4.2 Proposed Resource Allocation Algorithm -- 4.3 Simulation Parameters -- 5 Result and Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- Appendix: Flow Chart of the Proposed Auction Algorithm -- References -- M-Cloud Computing Based Agriculture Management System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Problem in Agriculture -- 2.1 Linkage Problems -- 2.2 Weather Information -- 2.3 Transportation and Infrastructure -- 2.4 Agriculture Marketing -- 2.5 Credit Facilities -- 2.6 Storage of Food Grains -- 3 Cloud Computing -- 4 Agriculture with M-Cloud Computing -- 4.1 Crop Disease Identification Management -- 4.2 Smarter Agricultural Practices -- 4.3 Supporting Vegetable and Crop Production -- 5 M-Cloud Computing with Big Data -- 6 Advantages of M-Cloud Computing in Agriculture -- 7 Conclusion. , References -- IOT & -- Mobility -- Detection and Analysis of Drowsiness in Human Beings Using Multimodal Signals -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Databases -- 3.2 Drowsiness Detection -- 3.3 EEG Signal Classification -- 3.4 SVM Classifier -- 3.5 Yawning Detection -- 4 Results and Conclusion -- 4.1 Using EEG Signals -- 4.2 Using Video Signals -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Enhancing Security and Privacy in Enterprises Network by Using Biometrics Technologies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Inter-entreprises Cooperation -- 3 Interest of Business Networks -- 3.1 Business Networks and Internet Worldwide -- 3.2 Sensitive Business Information -- 4 Information Security and Privacy -- 4.1 Cryptography Process -- 4.2 Biometrics Process -- 4.3 Crypto-Biometric Security System -- 5 Crypto-Biometric Based EN Security -- 6 Proposed Security Solution for Enterprises Information -- 6.1 Preliminary -- 6.2 Encryption and Key Embedded Process -- 6.3 Decryption and Key Retrieval Process -- 7 Experimental Setup -- 8 Security Analysis -- 8.1 Unimodal Biometric Cryptosystem -- 8.2 Multimodal Biometric Cryptosystem -- 9 Conclusion and Further Works -- References -- Lightweight Context-Based Web-Service Composition Model for Mobile Devices -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Overview -- 3.1 Parts of Speech (POS) Tagging -- 3.2 Markov Chain Probabilistic Model -- 3.3 Trie Data Structure -- 4 Methodology and Implementation -- 4.1 Get Natural Language Query from the User -- 4.2 Preparing the Corpus -- 4.3 Framing Sample Sentences -- 4.4 Using Markov Chain Probabilistic Model -- 4.5 Identifying Service Names from the Sentence -- 4.6 API's and Libraries Used in Web Service -- 5 Results and Discussion -- 6 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- On Weighted Extended Cumulative Residual Entropy of k-th Upper Record -- 1 Introduction. , 2 WECREn and Its Dynamic Form -- 3 Characterization Results -- 4 Empirical Approach -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Impact of Mobility in IoT Devices for Healthcare -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Research Description -- 1.2 Extent amp Objectives of the Research -- 1.3 Significance of the Research -- 1.4 Applications of the Research -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Problem Statement for Impacts of Mobility in IoT Devices for Healthcare -- 3.1 Difficulties Which Impact of Mobility in IOT Devices for Healthcare Sector -- 3.2 Existing System Scenarios -- 3.3 Disadvantages of Existing System -- 3.4 Proposed System -- 3.5 Advantages of Proposed System -- 4 System Security Standards -- 5 Security Healthcare Challenges -- 6 Mobility Issues -- 7 System Design -- 8 Performance Analysis -- 9 Disadvantages in Traditional Method -- 10 Conclusion -- 11 Future Work -- Bibliography -- Multiple Mobile Elements Based Energy Efficient Data Gathering Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Practical Understanding of Unresolved Issues -- 3.1 Motivation -- 4 Proposed Solution -- 4.1 Overview of the Proposed Work EEDGMME -- 4.2 Detailed Explanation of Inclusive Algorithms -- 5 Simulation Experiments -- 5.1 Simulation Model for EEDG and EEDGMME Techniques -- 5.2 Performance Metrics -- 5.3 Performance Analysis of EEDGMME and EEDG Techniques -- 5.4 Comparative Performance Analysis -- 6 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Information Management & -- Social Media -- Online Social Communities -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Types of Social Communities -- 3 Evolution of Technology for ONSC -- 4 Online Social Community -- 4.1 Pre-requisite for ONSC -- 4.2 Types of ONSC -- 5 Online Social Community Management -- 5.1 User Acquisition Factor -- 5.2 User Engagement Factor -- 5.3 User Retention Factors -- 5.4 ONSC and User's Perspective. , 5.5 Recommender Systems from ONSC -- 5.6 ONSC User Engagement Tools -- 6 ONSC Structure Detection -- 6.1 Detection of Communities in Static Networks -- 6.2 Detection of Communities in Dynamic Networks -- 7 Applications -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- The 'Verticals', 'Horizontals', and 'Diagonals' in Organisational Communication: Developing Models to Mitigate Communication Barriers Through Social Media Applications -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Review of Literature -- 2.1 History of Communication Skills -- 2.2 New Capitalism: Services Sector and Linguistic Requirements -- 2.3 Rhetorics of Communication and Workplace Demands -- 3 Communication Model and the Channels: A Brief Review -- 3.1 The Model of Communication -- 3.2 Communication Flows -- 3.3 Barriers to Communication -- 4 New Technologies for Communication -- 4.1 Technologisation of Communication -- 4.2 Capitalising Social Tools as an Organisational Discourse -- 5 Social Tools -- 6 Conclusion: Scope, Limitations, and Future Directions -- References -- Subjective Interestingness in Association Rule Mining: A Theoretical Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Knowledge Discovery in Databases -- 2.1 Association Rule Mining -- 3 Interestingness -- 3.1 Objective Interestingness -- 3.2 Subjective Interestingness -- 4 Classification Framework for Subjective Interestingness -- 5 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Identifying Sentiment of Malayalam Tweets Using Deep Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Support Vector Machines -- 3.2 Random Mapping: Random Kitchen Sink Method -- 3.3 Regularized Least Square Method for Classification (RLSC) -- 3.4 Deep Learning Methods-CNN, LSTM -- 4 Experimental Setup -- 4.1 Dataset Description -- 4.2 Preprocessing -- 4.3 Models -- 4.4 Evaluation -- 5 Result and Analysis -- 6 Conclusion -- References. , Twitter Based Sentiment Analysis of GST Implementation by Indian Government.