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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sensorineural Hearing Loss after Otitis Media with Effusion and Subacute Mastoiditis after Viral Infections of the Upper Respiratory Tract: A Comparative Study of Conservative and Surgical Treatment
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Ear, Nose & Throat Journal Vol. 95, No. 9 ( 2016-09), p. E18-E27
    Details
    In: Ear, Nose & Throat Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 95, No. 9 ( 2016-09), p. E18-E27
    Abstract: Involvement of the middle ear after viral infections of the upper airways may lead to serous otitis media with effusion in the absence of bacterial infection. This can be accompanied by a concomitant shading of the mastoid air cells, which could manifest as a reduced opacity on computed tomography (CT) in the absence of a history of chronic mastoiditis or acute inflammatory signs. This can lead to a subsequent impairment of inner ear function. CT scans reveal an extended pneumatization of the temporal bones in affected patients. Inner ear hearing impairment can probably be attributed to a concomitant labyrinthine reaction—the so-called toxic inner ear lesion. If no remission occurs within 5 days after initial conservative treatment (paracentesis or hemorrheologic infusions), surgical treatment with a mastoidectomy can accelerate hearing restoration. We conducted a retrospective, nonrandomized study of short- and long-term hearing outcomes in patients with a toxic inner ear lesion who had been treated with conservative measures alone (CONS group) or with surgery (SURG group) in a tertiary care referral center. Our study group was made up of 52 consecutively presenting patients (57 ears) who had been seen over a 10-year period; there were 20 patients (21 ears) in the CONS group and 32 patients (36 ears) in the SURG group. Initially, 15 CONS patients (75%) and 18 SURG patients (56%) complained of dizziness or a balance disorder. The initial averaged sensorineural hearing loss (over 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 kHz) was 32.4 ± 15.6 dB in the CONS group and 35.4 ± 12.0 dB in the SURG group. At follow-up (mean: 31.7 mo), the SURG group experienced a significantly greater improvement in hearing (p = 0.025). We conclude that patients with viral otitis media and concomitant noninflammatory mastoiditis with impairment of inner ear function (sensorineural hearing loss) experience a better hearing outcome when a mastoidectomy is performed during primary treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0145-5613 , 1942-7522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/014556131609500908
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2067528-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multicenter Clinical Trial of Vibroplasty Couplers to Treat Mixed/Conductive Hearing Loss: First Results
    S. Karger AG ; 2016
    In:  Audiology and Neurotology Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2016), p. 212-222
    Details
    In: Audiology and Neurotology, S. Karger AG, Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2016), p. 212-222
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objective: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of round window (RW), oval window (OW), CliP and Bell couplers for use with an active middle ear implant. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 This is a multicenter, long-term, prospective trial with consecutive enrollment, involving 6 university hospitals in Germany. Bone conduction, air conduction, implant-aided warble-tone thresholds and Freiburger monosyllable word recognition scores were compared with unaided preimplantation results in 28 moderate-to-profound hearing-impaired patients after 12 months of follow-up. All patients had previously undergone failed reconstruction surgeries (up to 5 or more). In a subset of patients, additional speech tests at 12 months postoperatively were used to compare the aided with the unaided condition after implantation with the processor switched off. An established quality-of-life questionnaire for hearing aids was used to determine patient satisfaction. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Postoperative bone conduction remained stable. Mean functional gain for all couplers was 37 dB HL (RW = 42 dB, OW = 35 dB, Bell = 38 dB, CliP = 27 dB). The mean postoperative Freiburger monosyllable score was 71% at 65 dB SPL. The postimplantation mean SRT 〈 sub 〉 50 〈 /sub 〉 (speech reception in quiet for 50% understanding of words in sentences) improved on average by 23 dB over unaided testing and signal-to-noise ratios also improved in all patients. The International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA)quality-of-life questionnaire was scored very positively by all patients. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 A significant improvement was seen with all couplers, and patients were satisfied with the device at 12 months postoperatively. These results demonstrate that an active implant is an advantage in achieving good hearing benefit in patients with prior failed reconstruction surgery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3030 , 1421-9700
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000444616
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481979-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Short‐ and long‐term acclimation patterns of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) along a depth gradient
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Phycology Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2016-04), p. 260-273
    Details
    In: Journal of Phycology, Wiley, Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2016-04), p. 260-273
    Abstract: The giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera , is exposed to highly variable irradiance and temperature regimes across its geographic and vertical depth gradients. The objective of this study was to extend our understanding of algal acclimation strategies on different temporal scales to those varying abiotic conditions at various water depths. Different acclimation strategies to various water depths (0.2 and 4 m) between different sampling times (Jan/Feb and Aug/Sept 2012; long‐term acclimation) and more rapid adjustments to different depths (0.2, 2 and 4 m; short‐term acclimation) during 14 d of transplantation were found. Adjustments of variable Chl a fluorescence, pigment composition (Chl c , fucoxanthin), and the de‐epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle pigments were responsible for the development of different physiological states with respect to various solar radiation and temperature climates. Interestingly, the results indicated that phlorotannins are important during long‐term acclimation while antioxidants have a crucial role during short‐term acclimation. Furthermore, the results suggested that modifications in total lipids and fatty acid compositions apparently also might play a role in depth acclimation. In Aug/Sept (austral winter), M. pyrifera responded to the transplantation from 4 m to 0.2 m depth with a rise in the degree of saturation and a switch from shorter‐ to longer‐chain fatty acids. These changes seem to be essential for the readjustment of thylakoid membranes and might, thus, facilitate efficient photosynthesis under changing irradiances and temperatures. Further experiments are needed to disentangle the relative contribution of solar radiation, temperature and also other abiotic parameters in the observed physiological changes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3646 , 1529-8817
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jpy.2016.52.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12394
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 281226-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478748-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lipid turnover reflects life-cycle strategies of small-sized Arctic copepods
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Plankton Research
    Details
    In: Journal of Plankton Research, Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0142-7873 , 1464-3774
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/plankt/fbw076
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 756271-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474909-9
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 21,3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seasonal dynamics of mesozooplankton in the Arctic Kongsfjord (Svalbard) during year-round observations from August 1998 to July 1999
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2016
    In:  Polar Biology Vol. 39, No. 10 ( 2016-10), p. 1859-1878
    Details
    In: Polar Biology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 39, No. 10 ( 2016-10), p. 1859-1878
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0722-4060 , 1432-2056
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00300-016-2005-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478942-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 584850-7
    SSG: 12
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