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  • 1
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    Morphogenesis of filaments growing in flexible confinements (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-07-18
    Description: Article Growing polymer chains are often confined within vesicles in biological systems. Here, the authors study how material properties such as friction, flexibility and thickness affect confined polymer filaments when they grow beyond their equilibrium size, identifying four unique morphologies. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms5437 Authors: R. Vetter, F. K. Wittel, H. J. Herrmann
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Mechanism of Tc toxin action revealed in molecular detail (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-02-28
    Description: Tripartite Tc toxin complexes of bacterial pathogens perforate the host membrane and translocate toxic enzymes into the host cell, including in humans. The underlying mechanism is complex but poorly understood. Here we report the first, to our knowledge, high-resolution structures of a TcA subunit in its prepore and pore state and of a complete 1.7 megadalton Tc complex. The structures reveal that, in addition to a translocation channel, TcA forms four receptor-binding sites and a neuraminidase-like region, which are important for its host specificity. pH-induced opening of the shell releases an entropic spring that drives the injection of the TcA channel into the membrane. Binding of TcB/TcC to TcA opens a gate formed by a six-bladed beta-propeller and results in a continuous protein translocation channel, whose architecture and properties suggest a novel mode of protein unfolding and translocation. Our results allow us to understand key steps of infections involving Tc toxins at the molecular level.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Meusch, Dominic -- Gatsogiannis, Christos -- Efremov, Rouslan G -- Lang, Alexander E -- Hofnagel, Oliver -- Vetter, Ingrid R -- Aktories, Klaus -- Raunser, Stefan -- England -- Nature. 2014 Apr 3;508(7494):61-5. doi: 10.1038/nature13015. Epub 2014 Feb 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany [2]. ; Institut fur Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany. ; Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany. ; 1] Institut fur Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany [2] BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. ; 1] Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany [2] Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24572368" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ADP Ribose Transferases/metabolism ; Bacterial Toxins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Host Specificity ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Models, Molecular ; Neuraminidase/chemistry ; Photorhabdus/*chemistry ; Porosity ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protein Subunits/chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Transport ; Protein Unfolding ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Selenoether oxytocin analogues have analgesic properties in a mouse model of chronic abdominal pain (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-02-01
    Description: Article Peptide drugs are attractive as therapeutics for gut-based applications, although they may be susceptible to reduction and degradation. Here, the authors develop seleno-oxytocin analogues, with enhanced stability at no cost to potency, and demonstrate their efficacy at colonic nociceptor inhibition in a mouse model. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms4165 Authors: Aline Dantas de Araujo, Mehdi Mobli, Joel Castro, Andrea M. Harrington, Irina Vetter, Zoltan Dekan, Markus Muttenthaler, JingJing Wan, Richard J. Lewis, Glenn F. King, Stuart M. Brierley, Paul F. Alewood
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Lake heat content and stability variation due to climate change: coupled regional climate model (REMO)-lake model (DYRESM) analysis (2014)
    PAGEPress
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    Publication Date: 2014-02-20
    Description: Climate change-derived higher air temperatures and the resulting increase in lake surface temperatures are known to influence the physical, biological and chemical processes of water bodies. By using hydrodynamic lake models coupled with regional climate models the potential future impact of a changing climate can be investigated. The present study hence elucidates limno-physical changes at the peri-Alpine, 83-m deep, currently dimictic Ammersee in southeastern Germany, both to underline the role of lakes as sentinels of climate change and provide a sound basis for further limnological investigations. This was realised by using water temperatures simulated with the hydrodynamic model DYRESM for the period 2041-2050, based on the results of the regional climate model REMO (IPCC A1B emission scenario). Modelling of future heat content resulted in a projected increase in the upper 3 m of the epilimnion from end of March to mid-November, whereas a decrease in future total heat content (January-December) of the entire water column was simulated compared to that observed in 1997-2007. Lake thermal stability is projected to be higher in the period 2041-2050 than in 1985-2007. Stratification is expected to occur earlier and to last longer in the future than the pattern observed in 1985-2007. The future mean May-June depth of the thermocline is simulated to be situated above its past average vertical position, whereas an increase of mean thermocline depth is projected for the beginning of August to October. Furthermore, the mean May-October thickness of the metalimnion is simulated to increase. Additionally, we investigated the sensitivity of these limno-physical results to changes in the model parameter light extinction coefficient which determines how the solar radiation is absorbed by the lake water. The elucidation of physical changes at Ammersee by means of a regional climate model provides a sound basis on which to face the new challenges of lake modelling.
    Print ISSN: 1129-5767
    Electronic ISSN: 1723-8633
    Topics: Biology
    Published by PAGEPress
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  • 5
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    Rovers minimize human disturbance in research on wild animals (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-26
    Description: Nature Methods 11, 1242 (2014). doi:10.1038/nmeth.3173 Authors: Yvon Le Maho, Jason D Whittington, Nicolas Hanuise, Louise Pereira, Matthieu Boureau, Mathieu Brucker, Nicolas Chatelain, Julien Courtecuisse, Francis Crenner, Benjamin Friess, Edith Grosbellet, Laëtitia Kernaléguen, Frédérique Olivier, Claire Saraux, Nathanaël Vetter, Vincent A Viblanc, Bernard Thierry, Pascale Tremblay, René Groscolas & Céline Le Bohec Investigating wild animals while minimizing human disturbance remains an important methodological challenge. When approached by a remote-operated vehicle (rover) which can be equipped to make radio-frequency identifications, wild penguins had significantly lower and shorter stress responses (determined by heart rate and behavior) than when approached by humans. Upon immobilization, the rover—unlike humans—did not disorganize colony structure, and stress rapidly ceased. Thus, rovers can reduce human disturbance of wild animals and the resulting scientific bias.
    Print ISSN: 1548-7091
    Electronic ISSN: 1548-7105
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Genome-wide association study of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf microbial community (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-12
    Description: Article The effect of a host's genetic variation on the structure of its microbial community is poorly understood. Here, Horton et al. reveal associations between genetic variants in the plant model species Arabidopsis thaliana and the composition of the leaves' microbial communities. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms6320 Authors: Matthew W. Horton, Natacha Bodenhausen, Kathleen Beilsmith, Dazhe Meng, Brian D. Muegge, Sathish Subramanian, M. Madlen Vetter, Bjarni J. Vilhjálmsson, Magnus Nordborg, Jeffrey I. Gordon, Joy Bergelson
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    Evolution of separate predation- and defence-evoked venoms in carnivorous cone snails (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-26
    Description: Article Marine cone snails use venom for defence and predation. Here, Dutertre et al. show that cone snails produce structurally and functionally distinct venoms for each purpose and that defence toxins are potent on fish and mammalian targets, suggesting that they have evolved specifically for protection. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms4521 Authors: Sébastien Dutertre, Ai-Hua Jin, Irina Vetter, Brett Hamilton, Kartik Sunagar, Vincent Lavergne, Valentin Dutertre, Bryan G. Fry, Agostinho Antunes, Deon J. Venter, Paul F. Alewood, Richard J. Lewis
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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