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  • 2010-2014  (12)
  • 2010  (12)
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  • 2010-2014  (12)
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  • 1
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    Orbital- and millennial-scale changes in the hydrologic cycle and vegetation in the western African Sahel: insights from individual plant wax dD and d13C (2010)
    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary Science Reviews, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 29(23-24), pp. 2996-3005, ISSN: 0277-3791
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: To reconstruct variability of the West African monsoon and associated vegetation changes on precessional and millennial time scales, we analyzed a marine sediment core from the continental slope off Senegal spanning the past 44,000 years (44 ka). We used the stable hydrogen isotopic composition (dD) of individual terrestrial plant wax n-alkanes as a proxy for past rainfall variability. The abundance and stable carbon isotopic composition (d13C) of the same compounds were analyzed to assess changes in vegetation composition (C3/C4 plants) and density. The dD record reveals two wet periods that coincide with local maximum summer insolation from 38 to 28 ka and 15 to 4 ka and that are separated by a less wet period during minimum summer insolation. Our data indicate that rainfall intensity during the rainy season throughout both wet humid periods was similar, whereas the length of the rainy season was presumably shorter during the last glacial than during the Holocene. Additional dry intervals are identified that coincide with North Atlantic Heinrich stadials and the Younger Dryas interval, indicating that the West African monsoon over tropical northwest Africa is linked to both insolation forcing and highlatitude climate variability. The d13C record indicates that vegetation of the western Sahel was consistently dominated by C4 plants during the past 44 ka, whereas C3-type vegetation increased during the Holocene. Moreover, we observe a gradual ending of the Holocene humid period together with unchanging ratio of C3 to C4 plants, indicating that an abrupt aridification due to vegetation feedbacks is not a general characteristic of this time interval.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
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    Forcing of tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures during the mid-Pleistocene transition (2010)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2004. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Paleoceanography 19 (2004): PA4029, doi:10.1029/2003PA000892.
    Description: We compare a new mid-Pleistocene sea surface temperature (SST) record from the eastern tropical Atlantic to changes in continental ice volume, orbital insolation, Atlantic deepwater ventilation, and Southern Ocean front positions to resolve forcing mechanisms of tropical Atlantic SST during the mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT). At the onset of the MPT, a strong tropical cooling occurred. The change from a obliquity- to a eccentricity-dominated cyclicity in the tropical SST took place at about 650 kyr BP. In orbital cycles, tropical SST changes significantly preceded continental ice-volume changes but were in phase with movements of Southern Ocean fronts. After the onset of large-amplitude 100-kyr variations, additional late glacial warming in the eastern tropical Atlantic was caused by enhanced return flow of warm waters from the western Atlantic driven by strong trade winds. Pronounced 80-kyr variations in tropical SST occurred during the MPT, in phase with and likely directly forced by transitional continental ice-volume variations. During the MPT, a prominent anomalous long-term tropical warming occurred, likely generated by extremely northward displaced Southern Ocean fronts. While the overall pattern of global climate variability during the MPT was determined by changes in mean state and frequency of continental ice volume variations, tropical Atlantic SST variations were primarily driven by early changes in Subantarctic sea-ice extent and coupled Southern Ocean frontal positions.
    Description: The Dutch scientific funding organization (NWO) is thanked for financial support (project 75019617).
    Keywords: Sea surface temperatures ; Mid-Pleistocene transition ; Tropical Atlantic
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Correction to “Forcing of tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures during the mid-Pleistocene transition” (2010)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Paleoceanography 20 (2005): PA1019, doi:10.1029/2005PA001134.
    Keywords: Sea-surface temperatures ; Mid-Pleistocene transition ; Tropical Atlantic
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    (Table 5) Average terrestrial residence times of vascular plant biomarkers for the investigated river catchments deduced from the core locations closest to the river mouths (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: 632; Age, calibrated; Age, dated; Age, dated standard deviation; Black Sea; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; Elevation of event; Event label; GeoB11960; GeoB11985; GeoB7621-1; Kerch Strait; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M51/4; M72/3b; MARUM; Meteor (1986); MIC; MIC-17; MIC-3; MiniCorer; MUC; MultiCorer; Offshore Kobuleti; P128; P177; POS363; POS363_128-15; POS363_177-10; Poseidon; see reference(s); SW Black Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 47 data points
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  • 5
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    Radiocarbon dating and alkenone-based proxies of sediment core GeoB7702-3 (2010)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Castañeda, Isla S; Schefuß, Enno; Pätzold, Jürgen; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S; Weldeab, Syee; Schouten, Stefan (2010): Millennial-scale sea surface temperature changes in the eastern Mediterranean (Nile River Delta region) over the last 27,000 years. Paleoceanography, 25, PA1208, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009PA001740
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Description: In this study we utilize two organic geochemical proxies, the Uk'37 index and TEX86, to examine past sea surface temperatures (SST) from a site located near the Nile River Delta in the eastern Mediterranean (EM) Sea. The Uk'37 and TEX86 records generally are in agreement and indicate SST ranges of 14°C-26°C and 14°C-28°C, respectively, during the last 27 cal ka. During the Holocene, TEX86-based SST estimates are usually higher than Uk'37-based SST estimates, which is likely due to seasonal differences between the timing of the haptophyte and crenarchaeota blooms in the EM and is related to the onset of the modern flow regime of the Nile River. Both records show that SST varied on centennial to millennial timescales in response to global climate events, i.e., cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), Heinrich event 1 (H1), and the Younger Dryas (YD) and warming during the Bølling-Allerød and in the early Holocene during deposition of sapropel S1. The H1 cooling was particularly severe and is marked by a drop in SST of ~4.5°C in comparison to pre-H1 SST, with temperatures 〉1°C cooler than during the LGM. In contrast to high-latitude and western Mediterranean records, which indicate both an abrupt onset and termination of the YD event, the transition from the YD to the Holocene was much more gradual in the EM.
    Keywords: 77; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Eastern Mediterranean, Continental slope off Israel; GeoB7702-3; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M52/2; MARUM; Meteor (1986); SL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Isoprenoidal GDGT and alkenone-based proxies of sediment core GeoB7702-3 (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: 77; AGE; Alkenone, unsaturation index UK'37; Branched and isoprenoid tetraether index; Calculated; Calculated, see reference(s); Calculated from TEX86 (Kim et al., 2008); Calculated from UK37 (Conte et al., 2006); Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Mediterranean, Continental slope off Israel; GeoB7702-3; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M52/2; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Sea surface temperature, annual mean; SL; Tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 445 data points
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  • 7
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    (Table EA2) Geochemical proxy data along river-mouth to deep-basin transects (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: 613; 622; 624; 632; Batumi Seep; Black Sea; Calculated, see reference(s); Carbon, organic, total; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon Preference Index, fatty acids; Carbon Preference Index, n-Alkanes; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; Dniester River; Elevation of event; Event label; GeoB11905-2; GeoB11931; GeoB11960; GeoB11983; GeoB11984; GeoB11985; GeoB11986; GeoB7604-1; GeoB7612-3; GeoB7614-1; GeoB7621-1; Kerch Strait; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M51/4; M72/1; M72/1-242; M72/3a; M72/3b; MARUM; MC242; Meteor (1986); MIC; MIC-15; MIC-16; MIC-17; MIC-18; MIC-3; MiniCorer; MUC; MUC-2; MUC-7; MultiCorer; n-Alkane, average chain length; near Batumi Seep; n-fatty acids, average chain length; NW Black Sea; Offshore Kobuleti; P110; P111; P120; P125; P128; P153; P157; P158; P167; P168; P169; P177; POS363; POS363_110-2; POS363_111-5; POS363_120-5; POS363_125-4; POS363_128-15; POS363_153-3; POS363_157-3; POS363_158-5; POS363_167-5; POS363_168-3; POS363_169-4; POS363_177-10; Poseidon; see reference(s); SW Black Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 192 data points
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  • 8
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    (Table 6) Radiocarbon concentrations and conventional radiocarbon ages of n-C29+31 alkanes corrected for petrogenic contribution and uncorrected radiocarbon concentrations and conventional radiocarbon ages of n-C28+30 fatty acids for comparison (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, comment; Age, dated; Age, dated standard deviation; Black Sea; Carbon; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; Elevation of event; Event label; GeoB11960; GeoB11983; GeoB11985; Kerch Strait; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M72/3b; MARUM; Meteor (1986); MIC; MIC-15; MIC-17; MIC-3; MiniCorer; MUC; MultiCorer; Offshore Kobuleti; P110; P128; P167; P168; P177; POS363; POS363_110-2; POS363_128-15; POS363_167-5; POS363_168-3; POS363_177-10; Poseidon; see reference(s); Δ14C; Δ14C, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 74 data points
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  • 9
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    14C specific radiocarbon ages and bulk ages accompanied by geochemical proxys from surface sediment samples in the Black Sea (2010)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kusch, Stephanie; Rethemeyer, Janet; Schefuß, Enno; Mollenhauer, Gesine (2010): Controls on the age of vascular plant biomarkers in Black Sea sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(24), 7031-7047, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2010.09.005
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Description: Transfer of organic carbon (OC) from the terrestrial to the oceanic carbon pool is largely driven by riverine and aeolian transport. Before transport, however, terrigenous organic matter can be retained in intermediate terrestrial reservoirs such as soils. Using compound-specific radiocarbon analysis of terrigenous biomarkers their average terrestrial residence time can be evaluated. Here we show compound-specific radiocarbon (14C) ages of terrigenous biomarkers and bulk 14C ages accompanied by geochemical proxy data from core top samples collected along transects in front of several river mouths in the Black Sea. 14C ages of long chain n-alkanes, long chain n-fatty acids and total organic carbon (TOC) are highest in front of the river mouths, correlating well with BIT (branched and isoprenoid tetraether) indices, which indicates contribution of pre-aged, soil-derived terrigenous organic matter. The radiocarbon ages decrease further offshore towards locations where organic matter is dominated by marine production and aeolian input potentially contributes terrigenous organic matter. Average terrestrial residence times of vascular plant biomarkers deduced from n-C29+31 alkanes and n-C28+30 fatty acids ages from stations directly in front of the river mouths range from 900 ± 70 years to 4400 ± 170 years. These average residence times correlate with size and topography in climatically similar catchments, whereas the climatic regime appears to control continental carbon turnover times in morphologically similar drainage areas of the Black Sea catchment. Along-transect data imply petrogenic contribution of n-C29+31 alkanes and input via different terrigenous biomarker transport modes, i.e., riverine and aeolian, resulting in aged biomarkers at offshore core locations. Because n-C29+31 alkanes show contributions from petrogenic sources, n-C28+30 fatty acids likely provide better estimates of average terrestrial residence times of vascular plant biomarkers. Moreover, sedimentary n-C28 and n-C30 fatty acids appear clearly much less influenced by autochthonous sources than n-C24 and n-C26 fatty acids as indicated by increasing radiocarbon ages with increasing chain-length and are, thus, more representative as vascular plant biomarkers.
    Keywords: 613; 622; 624; 632; Batumi Seep; Black Sea; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Dniester River; GeoB11905-2; GeoB11931; GeoB11960; GeoB11983; GeoB11984; GeoB11985; GeoB11986; GeoB7604-1; GeoB7612-3; GeoB7614-1; GeoB7621-1; Kerch Strait; M51/4; M72/1; M72/1-242; M72/3a; M72/3b; MARUM; MC242; Meteor (1986); MIC; MIC-15; MIC-16; MIC-17; MIC-18; MIC-3; MiniCorer; MUC; MUC-2; MUC-7; MultiCorer; near Batumi Seep; NW Black Sea; Offshore Kobuleti; P110; P111; P120; P125; P128; P153; P157; P158; P167; P168; P169; P177; POS363; POS363_110-2; POS363_111-5; POS363_120-5; POS363_125-4; POS363_128-15; POS363_153-3; POS363_157-3; POS363_158-5; POS363_167-5; POS363_168-3; POS363_169-4; POS363_177-10; Poseidon; SW Black Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    (Table 1) Radiocarbon dating of sediment core GeoB7702-3 (2010)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-02
    Keywords: 77; Age, 14C AMS; Age, comment; Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, error; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Calendar age; Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Eastern Mediterranean, Continental slope off Israel; GeoB7702-3; Gravity corer (Kiel type); M52/2; MARUM; Meteor (1986); Sample code/label; SL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 103 data points
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