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  • 2000-2004  (16)
  • 2004  (16)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anxiety and Stress Responses in Female Oxytocin Deficient Mice (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 16 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Oxytocin is believed to attenuate the response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to stress and to be anxiolytic. Stressors with a psychological component evoke both central and peripheral secretion of oxytocin in laboratory rodents. Oxytocin gene deletion mice provide a novel way to understand the role of oxytocin in stress and anxiety-related behaviours. We present our experience with female oxytocin deficient mice that were tested in an elevated plus maze (EPM), a behavioural test of anxiety, or exposed to psychogenic stressors (platform shaker or novel environment). Oxytocin-deficient mice not only displayed more anxiety-related behaviour, but also released more corticosterone after a psychogenic stressor and manifested greater stress-induced hyperthermia compared to wild-type mice. The diurnal variation of corticosterone and the response of corticosterone to corticotropin-releasing factor were not significantly different between genotypes. We also measured Fos-immunoreactive protein, an index of neuronal activation, in the medial amygdala of female mice after EPM testing. The medial amygdala is important for processing of psychogenic stress and anxiety and also contains oxytocin pathways and oxytocin receptors. The expression of Fos in the medial amygdala of mice not exposed to the EPM was not different between genotypes. Following EPM exposure, Fos expression was greater in oxytocin null compared to wild-type mice. Our findings support the hypothesis that central oxytocin is anxiolytic, and attenuates the stress response to psychogenic provocation in female mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0953-8194.2004.01161.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential Effects of Repeated Restraint Stress on Pulsatile Lutenizing Hormone Secretion in Female Fischer, Lewis and Wistar Rats (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 16 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and can suppress pulsatile luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, resulting in reproductive dysfunction. The histocompatible inbred Fischer and Lewis rat strains exhibit marked phenotypic differences in the activity of the HPA axis, the former being more reactive. Using Fischer, Lewis and Wistar rats, we assessed effects of repeated restraint stress on pulsatile LH secretion. Adult rats were ovariectomized and fitted with cardiac catheters. Blood samples were collected at 5-min intervals for 3–5 h for detection of LH. Less frequent samples were collected for corticosterone measurement. After 2 h, rats were restrained for 60 min. The same regimen was repeated four times at 6-day intervals. The mean peak corticosterone levels achieved during the first restraint in Fischer rats were significantly higher than those in Lewis and Wistar rats. By the time of the fourth episode of restraint, there had been some adaptation of the corticosterone response in the Fischer, but not in the Lewis or Wistar rats. LH pulses were interrupted during the 1st restraint in all experimental groups, although only Fischer rats showed suppression of LH pulses during the subsequent 2-h postrestraint period. During the fourth restraint, LH pulse frequency was still reduced in Wistar, but not in Fischer and Lewis rats, both of which showed a complete habituation. These results suggest that differential control mechanisms underlie the response of the HPA and HPG axes to repeated restraint stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.2004.01209.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antinucleosome Autoantibodies Bind Directly to Cell Lines In Vitro and via the FcγRIIB Receptor to B Lymphocytes In Vivo: A Role for Immune Complexes in Interactions between Antinucleosome IgG2a and B cells of BXSB Lupus Mice (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc.
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 60 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The initial novel observation of this study was that most B cells of male BXSB lupus mice bear surface IgG2ab of extrinsic origin. To define the surface antigen, we here examine three (NZBxBXSB)F1-derived IgG2ab monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) selected for binding to cell surfaces. Surprisingly, all three mAbs bound the nucleosome (nuc) particle, the fundamental unit of chromatin and an early target of autoimmunity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Their tentative dissociation constant (Kd) for soluble nuc particles was approximately 7 × 10−10 m. The mAbs bound more weakly to both H2A–H2B-DNA and H3–H4-DNA complexes, and in immunoblot they stained all four core histones. The mAbs detected a surface antigen on all cell lines examined, present on viable cells. When stripped of nuc , and in the presence of DNase I, their binding to cell lines improved. Heparin displaced the antigen from the cell surface. In vivo, the three mAbs stained B cells of several BALB/c mice clearly stronger than the isotype control; this differential staining was significantly reduced in FcγRIIB-deficient mice. The results indicate that the three mAbs recognize (a) planted antigen on viable cultured cells and (b) soluble autoantigen in vivo, leading to immune complexes that bind to FcγRIIB. Further experiments demonstrated that antinuc IgG2a could be eluted from splenocytes of a male BXSB lupus mouse. Hence, at least part of the extrinsic IgG2ab found on BXSB B cells may represent FcγRIIB-bound nuc-IgG2ab complexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01476.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyramiding of insect- and disease-resistance genes into an elite indica, cytoplasm male sterile restorer line of rice,‘Minghui 63′ (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The wild-rice-derived dominant gene Xa21 conferring multi-race resistance to bacterial blight and a fused Bt gene cry1Ab/cry1Ac conferring resistance to lepidopteran insects were individually introduced into the same genetic background of an elite indica cytoplasm male sterile (CMS) restorer line ‘Minghui 63′. The line showed the desirable insect- and disease-resistant phenotypes. To maximize the effect, the two genes were also pyramided into the same recipient plant of ‘Minghui 63’ by marker-assisted selection. After being subjected to natural infestation of leaf-folders and yellow stem borers and inoculation of Xoo strain mixtures, the pyramiding line and its derived hybrids showed high levels of resistance against both insect damage and disease. Furthermore, data from field trials demonstrated that the hybrids made by crossing this pyramiding line with the CMS lines ‘Zhenshan 97A’ and ‘Maxie A’ retained a similar level of yield under conditions without chemical spray, indicating that the pyramiding genes have a yield-stabilizing effect on the recipient line and its hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00917.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ribosomal DNA spacer-length polymorphisms in three samples of wild and cultivated barleys and their relevance to the origin of cultivated barley (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: This study was conducted to provide additional data for evaluating two important issues surrounding the origin of cultivated barley: (i) the level of genetic diversity of the two-rowed wild barley from Tibet, and (ii) the distribution of rDNA allele 104 in wild and cultivated barleys in the Occidental region. A total of 198 accessions consisting of three distinct samples were used: 82 entries of two-rowed wild barley from Tibet, 57 accessions of two-rowed wild barley from 8 countries with a broad range of representation of two-rowed wild barley in the world, and 59 landrace accessions from four countries representing a part of the barley-growing areas in the Middle East. These were assayed for rDNA spacer-length variants (slvs). In all, 27 rDNA space length pheno types were detected, from which 10 slvs were identified as alleles at the two rDNA loci. The two-rowed wild barley samples from Tibet had the lowest level of genetic variation as evaluated by rDNA polymorphism. Together with results of previous studies, the two wild forms (two-rowed and six-rowed) from Tibet could not account for the large genetic diversity observed in the cultivated barley of this region, suggesting that Tibet is unlikely a centre of origin for cultivated barley. In samples from the Occidental region, allele 104 of Rm2 was very rare in wild barley, but occurred at the highest frequency in cultivated barley, while the reverse is the case for allele 107, which is consistent with previous results. The implications of such a contrasting distribution of these rDNA alleles between wild and cultivated barleys in the origin and evolution of cultivated barley were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.00909.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serpentinites of the Zermatt-Saas ophiolite complex and their texture evolution (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 22 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The Zermatt-Saas serpentinite complex is an integral member of the Penninic ophiolites of the Central Alps and represents the mantle part of the oceanic lithosphere of the Tethys. Metamorphic textures of the serpentinite preserve the complex mineralogical evolution from primary abyssal peridotite through ocean-floor hydration, subduction-related high-pressure overprint, meso-Alpine greenschist facies metamorphism, and late-stage hydrothermal alteration. The early ocean floor hydration of the spinel harzburgites is still visible in relic pseudomorphic bastite and locally preserved mesh textures. The primary serpentine minerals were completely replaced by antigorite. The stable assemblage in subduction-related mylonitic serpentinites is antigorite–olivine–magnetite ± diopside. The mid-Tertiary greenschist facies overprint is characterized by minor antigorite recrystallization. Textural and mineral composition data of this study prove that the hydrated mineral assemblages remained stable during high-pressure metamorphism of up to 2.5 GPa and 650 °C. The Zermatt-Saas serpentinites thus provide a well documented example for the lack of dehydration of a mantle fragment during subduction to 75 km depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.2004.00503.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    COMPARISON OF CRYOPROTECTANTS FOR ESCHERICHIA COLI LYSINE BIOAVAILABILITY ASSAY CULTURE (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food processing and preservation 28 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4549
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Our study indicates that cryoprotective agents trehalose, sucrose and glycerol and a preincubation procedure improved the resistance of the stored Escherichia coli lysine auxotroph (lys−) culture to freezing and thawing. However, glycerol preserved cultures failed to retain their lysine auxotrophy. The slopes of the standard curves for lysine assay using the lys− culture cryoprotected in trehalose and sucrose were comparable to the fresh culture. Based on survivability of the E. coli lysine assay organism and lysine standard curve of regenerated cells, trehalose appeared to be the most suitable cryoprotective agent. The lysine assay using cryoprotected culture was less labor intensive than using the fresh culture and importantly, the time required for preparing the assay culture was decreased at least 20 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.2004.tb00536.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periodontal repair in dogs: effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-12 (rhBMP-12) on regeneration of alveolar bone and periodontal attachment (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) has been shown to stimulate alveolar bone and cementum formation in periodontal defects but not a functionally oriented periodontal ligament (PDL). Subcutaneous and intramuscular implants of BMP-12 have been shown to induce tendon formation and ligament-like tissue. The objective of this study was to evaluate rhBMP-12 for periodontal regeneration, in particular PDL formation.Methods: Six young adult Hound Labrador mongrel dogs were used. Routine supraalveolar periodontal defects were created around the mandibular premolar teeth. Three animals received rhBMP-12(0.04 mg/ml) in an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) carrier vs. rhBMP-12(0.2 mg/mL)/ACS in contralateral defects. Three animals received rhBMP-12(1.0 mg/ml)/ACS vs. rhBMP-2(0.2 mg/ml)/ACS (total implant volume/defect ∼1 ml). The animals were euthanized 8 weeks postsurgery and block biopsies were processed for histometric analysis.Results: Bone regeneration appeared increased in sites receiving rhBMP-2/ACS compared to sites receiving rhBMP-12/ACS. Cementum regeneration was similar comparing sites implanted with rhBMP-2/ACS to sites implanted with rhBMP-12/ACS. In contrast, sites receiving rhBMP-12/ACS exhibited a functionally oriented PDL bridging the gap between newly formed bone and cementum whereas this was a rare observation in sites receiving rhBMP-2/ACS. Ankylosis appeared increased in sites receiving rhBMP-2/ACS compared to those receiving rhBMP-12/ACS.Conclusions: The outcomes of this study suggest that rhBMP-12 may have significant effects on regeneration of the PDL. Additional preclinical evaluation is needed to confirm these initial observations prior to clinical application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00541.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circadian rhythm entrainment with melatonin, melatonin receptor antagonist S22153 or their combination in mice exposed to constant light (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of pineal research 37 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-079X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  The ability of daily melatonin and the melatonin receptor antagonist, S22153, to entrain circadian system function was investigated in mice with atypical melatonin rhythm. B6D2F1 mice were first synchronized to a LD 12:12 for ≈2 wk, then exposed to continuous light (LL) until study completion. After 10–18 days of LL exposure, mice received daily subcutaneous (s.c.) melatonin at a dose of 0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg/day (exp. 1) or daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) S22153 (20 mg/kg/day) with or without melatonin (1 mg/kg/day, exp. 2) at subjective zeitgeber time (ZT) 10 for 19 days. Then all the mice were exposed to LL for another 10 days. Spectral analysis showed that initial LL lengthened the period of both rhythms by ≈1.5 hr as compared with LD 12:12. No entrainment of either rhythm was found in controls. Conversely, daily melatonin-only, S22153-only or their combination set the temperature and activity periods to ≈24 hr and produced a significant increase of the circadian amplitude of both rhythms as compared with controls. However, after treatment withdrawal, the dominant period lengthened to ≈25.5 hr in mice receiving either melatonin or S22153. On the contrary, the period remained close to 24 hr for the 10 days following withdrawal of combined S22153 and melatonin. Such sustained pharmacological resetting of circadian function could display therapeutic potential against external resynchronization resulting from defective photoperiodic entrainment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2004.00152.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Dietary Phosphorus Levels on Growth, Body Composition, Muscle and Bone Mineral Concentrations for Orange-Spotted Grouper Epinephelus coioides Reared in Floating Cages (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 35 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A feeding experiment was conducted in floating cages (1.5 ± 1.0 ± 2.0 m) to determine the requirement of dietary phosphorus by juvenile orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coicodes. Five isonitrogenous (approximately 54% CP) fishmeal-casein-based diets that contained 0.68, 0.77, 0.86, 1.02 and 1.21% total phosphorus from ingredients and supplemental monocalcium phosphate (MCP: 0, 0.75,1.51,2.26,3.02%) were fed to the fish previously fed a basal diet (0.68% total phosphorus) for 2 wk. Fish were fed in triplicate cages with one of the diets twice daily to satiation. After 8 wk of feeding, survival ranged from 70.0% to 81.7% with no significant difference among dietary treatments. The relative weight gain, specific growth rate, muscle lipid, ash, calcium, iron, zinc and phosphorus, bone ash, phosphorus, iron, and zinc were significantly affected by dietary phosphorus level. There were no significant effects of increasing total dietary phosphorus on hepatosomatic index, viscerasomatic index, condition factor, muscle moisture and protein, muscle magnesium, and manganese; and bone calcium, magnesium and manganese. Based on relative weight gain, specific growth rate and bone phosphorus, a dietary level of 0.86% total phosphorus is recommended for juvenile grouper growing in floating cages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2004.tb00107.x
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