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  • American Physiological Society  (2)
  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 2004  (2)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mucociliary and long-term particle clearance in the airways of healthy nonsmoker subjects
    American Physiological Society ; 2004
    In:  Journal of Applied Physiology Vol. 97, No. 6 ( 2004-12), p. 2200-2206
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 97, No. 6 ( 2004-12), p. 2200-2206
    Abstract: Spherical monodisperse ferromagnetic iron oxide particles of 1.9-μm geometric and 4.2-μm aerodynamic diameter were inhaled by 13 healthy nonsmoking subjects using the shallow bolus technique. The bolus width was 100 ml, and the penetration front depth was 150 ± 27 ml. The mean flow rate during inhalation and exhalation was 250 ml/s. The Fowler dead space and the phase 1 dead space of the airways were 282 ± 49 and 164 ± 34 ml, respectively. Deposition was below 20% without breath holding and 51 ± 8% after an 8-s breath-holding time. We attempted to confine the bolus deposition to the bronchial airways by limiting the bolus front depth to the phase 1 dead space volume. Particle retention was measured by the magnetopneumographic method over a period of 9 mo. Particle clearance from the airways showed a fast and a slow phase; 49 ± 9% followed the fast phase with a mean half-time of 3.0 ± 1.6 h and characterized the mucociliary clearance. The remaining fraction was cleared slowly with a half-time of 109 ± 78 days. The slow clearance phase was comparable to clearance measurements from the lung periphery of healthy nonsmokers, which allowed macrophage-dependent clearance mechanisms of the slow cleared fraction to be taken into account. Despite the fact that part of the slowly cleared particles may originate from peripheral deposition, the data demonstrate that mucociliary clearance does not remove all particles deposited in the airways and that a significant fraction undergoes long-term retention mechanisms, the origin of which is still under discussion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 8750-7587 , 1522-1601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00970.2003
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    RVK:
    XA 52094
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physiological Society
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1404365-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 31
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of intraduodenal fatty acids on appetite, antropyloroduodenal motility, and plasma CCK and GLP-1 in humans vary with their chain length
    American Physiological Society ; 2004
    In:  American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology Vol. 287, No. 3 ( 2004-09), p. R524-R533
    Details
    In: American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 287, No. 3 ( 2004-09), p. R524-R533
    Abstract: The gastrointestinal effects of intraluminal fats may be critically dependent on the chain length of fatty acids released during lipolysis. We postulated that intraduodenal administration of lauric acid (12 carbon atoms; C12) would suppress appetite, modulate antropyloroduodenal pressure waves (PWs), and stimulate the release of cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) more than an identical dose of decanoic acid (10 carbon atoms; C10). Eight healthy males (19–47 yr old) were studied on three occasions in a double-blind, randomized fashion. Appetite perceptions, antropyloroduodenal PWs, and plasma CCK and GLP-1 concentrations were measured during a 90-min intraduodenal infusion of 1) C12, 2) C10, or 3) control (rate: 2 ml/min, 0.375 kcal/min for C12/C10). Energy intake at a buffet meal, immediately after completion of the infusion, was also quantified. C12, but not C10, suppressed appetite perceptions ( P 〈 0.001) and energy intake (control: 4,604 ± 464 kJ, C10: 4,109 ± 588 kJ, and C12: 1,747 ± 632 kJ; P 〈 0.001, C12 vs. control/C10). C12, but not C10, also induced nausea ( P 〈 0.001). C12 stimulated basal pyloric pressures and isolated pyloric PWs and suppressed antral and duodenal PWs compared with control ( P 〈 0.05 for all). C10 transiently stimulated isolated pyloric PWs ( P = 0.001) and had no effect on antral PWs but markedly stimulated duodenal PWs ( P = 0.004). C12 and C10 increased plasma CCK ( P 〈 0.001), but the effect of C12 was substantially greater ( P = 0.001); C12 stimulated GLP-1 ( P 〈 0.05), whereas C10 did not. In conclusion, there are major differences in the effects of intraduodenal C12 and C10, administered at 0.375 kcal/min, on appetite, energy intake, antropyloroduodenal PWs, and gut hormone release in humans.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-6119 , 1522-1490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00039.2004
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physiological Society
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477297-8
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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