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  • 2020-2024
  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 1990-1994  (1)
  • 2009  (1)
  • 2005  (1)
  • 1991  (1)
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  • 2020-2024
  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 1990-1994  (1)
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  • 1
    Description / Table of Contents: The first book of its kind, devoted exclusively to the assessment of DNA damage by the Comet assay in modern toxicology, The vast number of chemicals existing or being added into the environment, have globally aroused great concern regarding their adverse effects in human population. Development and validation of sensitive and better test systems which can assess the adverse effects of chemicals at an early stage for intervention strategies to be implemented in time is currently in progress. This book documents the latest research and showcases the versatile, state-of-the-art technique - the Comet assay - in the field of modern toxicology. The assay is a simple, sensitive rapid and visual technique for the quantitative and qualitative assessment of DNA damage in single cells. The Comet Assay in Toxicology is the first book of its kind to be devoted exclusively to the Comet assay and its applications as an important tool in modern toxicology. This multi-author book will serve as both a reference and a guide to investigations in the biomedical, biochemical and pharmaceutical sciences. Written by investigators from the fields of genetic toxicology and human epidemiology, the authors have first-hand knowledge from their chosen sub-specialities and are active contributors to the peer-reviewed scientific literature. The book is divided into five major sections, reflecting the range of interest in the exploitation of this assay. The book's scope begins with an introduction section reviewing its genesis for those new to the technique and the current knowledge of the various fields in which it finds wide acceptance. This section sets the scene by explaining why the assay has become the most sensitive and sought after assay in modern toxicology. Next is a whole section that considers various procedures being followed to assess different types of DNA damage in various cell types and is contributed by experts in the respective fields. The third section puts together the specific applications of the assay in the diverse fields ranging from genetic toxicity testing to human monitoring, and environmental toxicology. The fourth section consists of the guidelines and recommendations for the conduct of the assay in in vitro and in vivo systems, based on the recommendations of the International Workgroups on genotoxicity test procedures. Finally, the book draws to a close with an assessment of the statistics used for the understanding of the data generated by the assay. This is a unique reference book as it provides the scientific community with the advances in Comet assay as well as its applications. It also incorporates a detailed section with instant and comprehensive information on the procedure of the assay and the latest protocols being used worldwide as well as statistical analyses to be followed. The book is aimed at students as well as scientists in the area of molecular epidemiology and genetic toxicology
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 374 p , Online-Ressource , 43 b&w, ill
    Edition: RSC eBook Collection 1968-2009
    Series Statement: Issues in toxicology v. 5
    Language: English
    Note: Ebook , Preface-- Part I: Genesis of Comet assay-- Part II: Various procedures for the Comet assay-- Oxidative damage-- Water disinfection by-products-- Comet assay in Plants-- Double Strand-- Breaks in bacteria-- Comet - FISH-- Double strand breaks (DSBs) - radiation/challenge assay - Radiation-- Apoptosis-- Multiple mouse organs-- Part III: Applications of Comet assay-- Dietary intervention studies-- Comet assay in Mussels-- Exercise-- Arsenic-- DSBs - radiation/challenge assay - Radiation-- In vivo Comet assay-- In vitro parallelogram approaches-- Photobiology-- Comet assay in sperm-- Comet assay in Human monitoring-- Part IV: Guidelines for comet assay-- In Vitro And In Vivo Guidelines for the Comet Assay-- In vivo Guidelines for Comet-- Part V: Image analysis and Statistics-- Models for image analysis-- Statistics in comet assay.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of interventional cardiology 4 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: From 1988 to 1990 chronic coronary occlusions were treated with a newly developed slowly rotating angioplasty system (ROTACS), which is designed for atraumatic passage of arterial obstructions. In all 152 patients (mean age 55 years, ranging from 29 to 78 years) attempts to recanalize the coronary occlusion with conventional guidewire systems had failed. In 74/152 patients the age of the occlusion could be estimated because of a previous angiogram or clinical event. It ranged from 1–192 months (median 6 months, mean value 14 months; in 20% of patients it was 1–3, in 37% 4–6, in 28% 7–12, and in 15% 〉 12 months). The occlusion was localized in the right coronary artery (RCA) in 86 cases, in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in 37 cases, and in the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery in 17 cases. Eleven bypass occlusions were treated. One patient had a LAD and RCA occlusion. Out of 152 patients 84 could be recanalized. The success rate rose with experience from 30% to 60%. It was 55% in the LAD, 52% in the RCA, 70% in the circumflex branch, and 63% in bypass grafts. The success rate in relation to the age of the occlusion was 93% in occlusions of 1–3 month duration, 74% in occlusions of 4–6 months duration, 52% in occlusions of 6–12 months duration, and 8% in occlusions older than 12 months. Seventy-six of the successfully treated patients underwent follow-up angiography after 4 months. In 56/76 (74%) the vessel remained open. Twenty-two patients (29%) had restenosis that was successfully dilated in 21 patients. Twenty patients (26%) had reocclusion. Thus, the angiographically determined long-term success rate was 72%. Emergency operation was necessary in two patients in whom reopening of the LAD was attempted although the occlusion was located directly at the take-off of the LAD from the left main. Since this type of occlusion was consequently considered a contraindication, no further serious complications occurred. There was one myocardial infarction, no death, no vessel wall perforation or other complications in the 152 patients. It is concluded that low speed ROTACS is a safe technique that can be applied in chronic coronary occlusions even if the duration of occlusion exceeds 6 months. (J Interven Cardiol 1991; 4:15–165)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: There is evidence that an inflammatory microglial reaction participates in the pathophysiology of dopaminergic neuronal death in Parkinson's disease and in animal models of the disease. However, this phenomenon remains incompletely characterized. Using an in vitro model of neuronal/glial mesencephalic cultures, we show that the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) stimulates the proliferation of microglial cells at concentrations that selectively reduce the survival of DA neurones. The mitogenic action of MPP+ was not the mere consequence of neuronal cell demise as the toxin produced the same effect in a model system of neuronal/glial cortical cultures, where target DA neurones are absent. Consistent with this observation, the proliferative effect of MPP+ was also detectable in neurone-free microglial/astroglial cultures. It disappeared, however, when MPP+ was added to pure microglial cell cultures suggesting that astrocytes played a key role in the mitogenic mechanism. Accordingly, the proliferation of microglial cells in response to MPP+ treatment was mimicked by granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a proinflammatory cytokine produced by astrocytes and was blocked by a neutralizing antibody to GM-CSF. Thus, we conclude that the microglial reaction observed following MPP+ exposure depends on astrocytic factors, e.g. GM-CSF, a finding that may have therapeutic implications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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