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  • 1990-1994  (38)
  • 1993  (11)
  • 1991  (27)
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  • 1990-1994  (38)
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  • 1
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    In:  EPIC3Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 119, pp. 239-260
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The sediments recovered at ODP Sites 745 and 746 in the Australian-Antarctic Basin are characterized by cyclic facies changes between clayey diatom oozes and diatomaceous clays ranging in age from late Miocene (about 10 Ma) to Quaternary.The gravel and terrigenous sand content of the sediments is used as an indicator of the intensity of ice rafting through time. Maxima are recorded at 8.7-7.9, 6.6-6.0, 5.0-4.4, and 4.0-3.2 Ma. The maxima in more recent times are much less pronounced and occur at 2.4-1.6 and 1.4-1.0 Ma. All sand- and gravel-sized terrigenous sediment particles are of gneissic or granitic origin and originated from the East Antarctic continent. The maxima of ice rafting recorded at Sites 745 and 746 do not appear to represent local phenomena. Rather they document major advances and decays of the Antarctic ice shelves and glaciers and therefore represent events of great importance for the reconstruction of the paleoceanography of the Southern Ocean and the glacial history of Antarctica. In general, ice rafting was pronounced in the late Miocene and early Pliocene epochs, which are characterized by repeated ice advances and retreats. Ice rafting was less intensive during the late Pliocene to Quaternary time period, when ice shelves remained relative stable.The clay minerals indicate the fluctuating influence of different source areas on the delivery of fine-grained terrigenous sediment components. Part of this material may have been delivered from the Permian Amery Formation or from equivalents of this formation.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 2
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    In:  EPIC3Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 144(2), pp. 330-351
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Surface sediment samples taken with a multiple corer from the Polar Front region along two profiles in the eastern South Atlantic sector between 35° and 57°S have been investigated for their benthic foraminiferal content. Live fauna was differentiated from the death assemblage. Based on the dead assemblages, potential fossil assemblages (dead fauna reduced by non-resistant agglutinants) were calculated for comparison with upper Neogene core material.The distribution of the potential fossil assemblages defined by Q-mode principal component analysis mirrors the Recent hydrographic, as well as the trophic situation in the eastern South Atlantic (ocean circulation and productivity).Two Southern Component Bottom Water Faunas reflect the northward flow of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) and Lower Circum-Polar Deep Water (LCDW): an assemblage dominated by the arenaceous Multifidella nodulosa below the Calcite Compensation Depth (CCD), and a Nuttallides umbonifer dominated assemblage above the CCD. In the region of highest bio-silicious primary productivity, south of the Polar Front and north of the winter sea-ice limit, these faunas are overprinted by a Southern High-productivity Fauna, dominated by infaunal species such as Pullenia bulloides, Melonis pompilioides and M. zaandamae.North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) meets the Circum-Polar Deep Water (CDW) at intermediate depth, as reflected in the distribution of the Northern Component Deep Water Fauna, dominated by Epistominella exigua. The high-productivity assemblage overprinting this fauna, the Northern High-productivity Fauna, is dominated by the shallow endobenthic Bulimina aculeata.A Strong Bottom-current Fauna, dominated by Angulogerina angulosa, characterizes areas between 400 and 900 m water depth with sandy sediment, independent from water mass characteristics and food supply.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
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    In:  EPIC3Geologische Rundschau, 82(2), pp. 263-275
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The Late Quaternary sediment sequence of the continental margin in the eastern Weddell Sea is well suited for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Twocores rom the upper slope, which contain the sedimentary record of the last 300 ky, have been sedimentologically investigated. Age models are based onlithostratigraphy and are correlated with the stable isotope record. As a result of a detailed analysis of the clay mineral composition, grain size distributionsand structures, this sedimentary record provides the first marine evidence that the Antarctic ice sheet extended to the shelf edge during the last glacial.The variations in volume and size of the ice sheet were also simulated in numerical models. Changes in accumulation rate and ice temperature are of someimportance, but the model revealed that fluctuations are primarily driven by changes in eustatic sea-level and that the ice edge extended to the shelf edgeduring the last glacial maximum. This causal relationship implies that the maximum ice extension strongly depends on the magnitude and duration of thesea-level depression during a glacial period. The results of sedimentological investigations and of the numerical models show that the Antarctic ice sheetfollows glacial events in the northern hemisphere by teleconnections of sea level.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 7
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    In:  EPIC317. Internationale Polartagung, Obergurgl.
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Description: Die während der pleistozänen Klimazyklen gebildeten Sedimentfazies am antarktischen Kontinentalhang werden aus Probenmaterial der POLARSTERN-Expeditionen rekonstruiert. Die zeitliche Einstufung der Sedimente erfolgt durch lithologische Korrelation der Kerne untereinander in Kombination mit der globalen Sauerstoffisotopenchronologie. Erstmals wurden an einem umfangreichen Datensatz aus einem ausgewählten Gebiet des östlichen Weddellmeeres gestapelte Parameter berechnet. Die relativen Variationen der Parameterstapel erlauben die Ableitung eines generellen Modells zur glazialmarinen Sedimentation und Faziesgenese unter den spezifischen Paläoumweltbedingungen des Quartär. Das Modell trifft, den paläozeanographischen Einfluß betreffend, zumindest für den atlantischen Teil des Südpolarmeeres zu; die paläoglaziologischen Prozesse gelten überregional, da sie weitgehend von globalen Faktoren wie Klimaveränderungen und Meeresspiegelschwankungen gesteuert werden.Die glazialmarinen Sedimentationsprozesse werden durch ein komplexes Wechselspiel von ozeanographischen und glaziologischen Prozessen kontrolliert, die ihrerseits weitgehend durch das globale Klima und auch lokale Einflüsse (Insolation) gesteuert werden. Die Bildung der Sedimentfazies wird vorwiegend durch Eistransport bestimmt und spiegelt somit Massenbilanz und Verhalten des kontinentalen Eisschildes wider. Weitere faziesrelevante Prozesse sind biologische Produktion, Strömungstransport und gravitativer Hangtransport. Die Sedimentationsraten nehmen mit der Entfernung vom Kontinent und innerhalb eines Klimazyklus vom Interglazial zum Glazial ab. Die Sedimentationsraten sind in dem relativ kurzen Zeitraum zwischen glazialer Termination und Klimaoptimum um ein mehrfaches höher als im Glazial.Aus den untersuchten Ablagerungen können fünf Sedimentfazies mit spezifischen Bildungsbedingungen isoliert werden. In ihrer zeitlichen und räumlichen Verbreitung unterliegen sie den Veränderungen von Meereisverteilung, Meeresspiegel, den Bewegungen der Schelfeiskante, sowie dem Einfluß des Nordatlantischen Tiefenwassers auf die Wassermassen des Südpolarmeeres. Die Meereisdecke beeinflußt über die Lichtlimitierung die Primärproduktion im Oberflächenwasser. Dies führt zu einem Wechsel in der Erhaltung karbonatischer und kieseliger Mikrofossilien; im Interglazial wird Opal erhalten und Karbonat gelöst, während der Übergangszeiten und im Glazial bleibt Karbonat erhalten und Opal wird gelöst.Strömung und Bodenwasserbildung werden durch die Existenz von Küstenpolynyen und von der durch den Meeresspiegel kontrollierten Gesamtfläche der Schelfeisgebiete gesteuert. Der durch Meeresspiegelabsenkung und Ausweitung des Eisschildes initiierte gravitative Hangtransport liefert vorwiegend im Glazial episodisch größere Sedimentmengen zum Hang und, kanalisiert durch Canyons, in die Tiefsee. Während der glazialen Maxima können unter einer vollständig geschlossenen Eisdecke Konturite abgelagert werden.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 8
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    In:  EPIC3Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 119, pp. 225-237
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The upper Miocene to Pleistocene sediments recovered at ODP Sites 745 and 746 in the Australian-Antarctic Basin are characterized by cyclic facies changes. Sedimentological investigations of a detailed Quaternary section reveal that facies A is dominated by a high content of siliceous microfossils, a relatively low terrigenous sediment content, an ice-rafted component, low concentrations of fine sediment particles, and a relatively high smectite content. This facies corresponds to interglacial sedimentary conditions. Facies B, in contrast, is characteristic of glacial conditions and is dominated by a large amount of terrigenous material and a smaller opaline component. There is also a prominent ice-rafted component. The microfossils commonly are reworked and broken. The clay mineral assemblages show higher proportions of glacially derived illite and chlorite.A combination of four different processes, attributed to glacial-interglacial cycles, was responsible for the cyclic facies changes during Quaternary time: transport by gravity, ice, and current and changes in primary productivity. Of great importance was the movement of the grounding line of the ice shelves, which directly influenced the intensity of ice rafting and of gravitational sediment transport to the deep sea. The extension of the ice shelves was also responsible for the generation of cold and erosive Antarctic Bottom Water, which controlled the grain-size distribution, particularly of the fine fraction, in the investigated area.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
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  • 9
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    In:  EPIC3Hochschule für Nautik, Bremen, 1991, pp. 11-11
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 10
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    In:  EPIC3Hochschule für Nautik, Bremen, 1991, pp. 11-04
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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