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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dynamic quaternary structure of bovine .alpha.-crystallin as indicated from intermolecular exchange of subunits (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 29 (1990), S. 3488-3493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00466a010
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Picosecond time-resolved surface-lattice temperature probe (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 1508-1510 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Picosecond reflection high-energy electron diffraction is used as a time-resolved surface-lattice temperature probe. A picosecond laser pulse is split into two beams. The first interacts with the sample. The second activates the cathode of an electron gun creating a collimated and focused electron pulse that is well synchronized with the heating laser pulse. The electron pulse is used to generate a reflection high-energy electron diffraction pattern of the sample. Since heating results in an intensity reduction of the elastically scattered electrons (Debye–Waller effect), the diffraction pattern provides information on the surface temperature as well as structure. Time-resolved measurements of the picosecond laser-heated surface show general agreement with a heat diffusion model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103378
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrahigh vacuum picosecond laser-driven electron diffraction system (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 1636-1647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A laser-driven picosecond time-resolved electron diffraction system operating in ultrahigh vacuum is described. A picosecond laser pulse is split into two beams. The first interacts with the sample under study. The second activates the cathode of an electron gun creating a collimated and focused electron pulse that is well synchronized with the heating laser pulse. By spatially delaying the part of the laser pulse that photoactivates the cathode from that which irradiates the sample, the electron pulse can be set to arrive at the sample at a specific time after sample irradiation. When a flat smooth sample is aligned such that the electrons are in grazing incidence on its surface, a reflection high-energy electron diffraction pattern of its first few atomic layers is generated. Analysis of the diffraction pattern provides information on the surface structure and temperature at a set time lapse between the arrival of the laser and the electron pulse to the sample. Design, characterization, and operation of this system along with an example of its application to monitor the transient surface temperature using the surface Debye–Waller effect are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141126
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Halothane and anaesthesia (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 346 (1990), S. 227-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-Evers et all reported that pharmacologically relevant concentrations of halothane bind saturably to a unique environment in brain. These findings seemed to be a significant contribution to our understanding of the molecular basis of anaesthesia, an area that remains controversial23. Recently, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/346227b0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased podophyllotoxin production in Podophyllum hexandrum cell suspension cultures after feeding coniferyl alcohol as a β-cyclodextrin complex (1990)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 9 (1990), S. 97-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cell suspension cultures, derived from roots of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle (Berberidaceae), accumulate podophyllotoxin. In this study the use of β-cyclodextrin in feeding the poorly water-soluble precursor coniferyl alcohol to these cultures is described. By complexation with β-cyclodextrin, a solution of 3 mM coniferyl alcohol could be fed, resulting in enhanced podophyllotoxin accumulation. The same concentration of non-complexed suspended coniferyl alcohol had only little effect on the podophyllotoxin accumulation. β-Cyclodextrin itself was proven to be non-toxic for the cells. It did not influence the podophyllotoxin content and it was not metabolized or used as a carbon source by the cells. For comparison, coniferin, the water-soluble β-D-glucoside of coniferyl alcohol, was also fed in the same concentration. The effect of coniferin on the podophyllotoxin accumulation was stronger than that of coniferyl alcohol complexed with β-cyclodextrin, but coniferin is not commercially available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231558
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered carbachol-induced contractile responses of rat jejunal smooth muscle following local myenteric plexus ablation (1990)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 35 (1990), S. 1146-1152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: myenteric plexus ablation ; smooth muscle ; enteric innervation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alterations in smooth muscle responsiveness and neural pathways in adjacent tissue may occur after local myenteric denervation. The in vitro contractile responses of both longitudinal and circular muscle to the mixed muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic agonist carbachol were determined 15, 30, and 45 days after localized myenteric plexus ablation. Denervated longitudinal muscle exhibited decreased responsiveness to carbachol at all times examined. Denervated circulated muscle was initially supersensitive, but with time became subsensitive. These changes probably reflect the loss of the nicotinic (neuronal) component of the action of carbachol. Muscle orad to the site of denervation appeared subsensitive, while muscle caudad to the lesion was supersensitive (circular) or unaffected (longitudinal). These results suggest that there are changes in ascending and descending neural pathways. Alterations in the cholinergic responsiveness of intestinal smooth muscle, both at and beyond the site of myenteric plexus ablation, may result in altered intestinal motility that could lead to functional obstruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01537588
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Artemisia annua L.: a source of novel antimalarial drugs (1990)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 12 (1990), S. 169-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Keywords: Artemisia annua L. ; Artemisinin ; Biosynthesis ; Chemistry, analytical ; Clinical trials ; Pharmacology ; Sesquiterpene lactones ; Structure—activity relationship
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Artemisia annua L. contains artemisinin, an endoperoxide sesquiterpene lactone, mainly in its leaves and inflorescences. This compound and a series of derivatives have attracted attention because of their potential value as antimalarial drugs. In this review a survey of the currently available literature data is given. It includes phytochemical aspects, such as constituents ofA. annua, the artemisinin content during the development of the plant and its biosynthesis, isolation, analysis and stability. Total chemical synthesis of artemisinin is referred to, as well as structure—activity relationships of derivatives and simplified analogues. Pharmacological studies are summarized, including the mechanism of action, interaction of the antimalarial activity with other drugs, possible occurrence of resistance to artemisinin, clinical results, toxicological aspects, metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Finally, plant cell biotechnologyy is mentioned as a possible means to obtain plants and cell cultures with higher artemisinin contents, allowing an industrial production of pharmaceuticals containing this novel drug.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01980041
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light-limited algal growth in Lake Loosdrecht: steady state studies in laboratory scale enclosures (1990)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 191 (1990), S. 241-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Loosdrecht lakes ; eutrophication ; Prochlorothrix hollandica ; growth kinetics of algae ; continuous cultures ; light attenuation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phytoplankton growth in the shallow, turbid Lake Loosdrecht (The Netherlands) is importantly influenced by light availability, and thus the concentrations of the various light-attenuating materials. The system is highly eutrophic and supports an algal biomass of ca. 160 mg Chl m−3. A model is proposed here which predicts algal growth in the lake as a function of the light received and subsequent attenuation in the water column by phytoplankton, tripton and background colour. The model is based on an energy balance which relates growth rate to the ‘true’ growth yield on light energy and the energy demand for cell maintenance. The coefficients for energy conversion (Y = 0.002 gDW kJ−1) and cell maintenance (µe = 0.031 day−1) were determined from steady state growth kinetics of Prochlorothrix hollandica in light-limited laboratory flow systems with the same depth as the lake and receiving summer average conditions of irradiance. Light attenuation by phytoplankton and tripton were quantified using specific attenuation coefficients: 0.011 m2 mg−1 Chl for the phytoplankton and 0.23 m2 g−1 DW for tripton. The growth studies demonstrated that Lake Loosdrecht can support a much higher algal biomass in the absence of non-algal particulate matter. The proposed model is used to predict chlorophyll a concentrations in dependence on growth rate and levels of tripton. Since approximately 75% of the sestonic dry weight in Lake Loosdrecht may be attributed to tripton, it is concluded that the algal biomass is markedly lowered by the abundance of tripton in the water column. A knowledge of the sources and fate of tripton in the lake is thus of fundamental importance in modelling phytoplankton dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026057
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Algal growth and loss rates in Lake Loosdrecht: first evaluation of the roles of light and wind on a basis of steady state kinetics (1990)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 191 (1990), S. 129-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Loosdrecht lakes ; eutrophication ; underwater light ; resuspension ; wind effect ; Prochlorothrix hollandica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lake Loosdrecht (The Netherlands) is shallow, highly eutrophic and subject to frequent wind-induced resuspension of settled algae and detritus. The summer phytoplankton consists of filamentous prokaryotic species. Chlorophyll a levels are rather stable over the summer at a concentration of ca. 160 mg m−3; losses due to grazing and sinking are small. Epipelic chlorophyll a concentrations range from 0 to 250, but ca. 50 mg m−2 is typical. In situ rates of change of chlorophyll a in the water column were related to specific growth rates predicted by a model for light-limited growth. In the model, incident light is partitioned among algae, tripton and background colour, to determine the light available for algal growth and cell maintenance. Model coefficients were derived primarily from laboratory studies of the growth of Prochlorothrix hollandica, an abundant species in the lake in summer. Presuming constant rates of loss due to grazing and sinking, for summers 1985 and 1986 some 56% of the variation in the chlorophyll a in the lake water was explained by change in light conditions alone and 77% by light and wind-driven resuspension of epipelic chlorophyll a together. These factors had little influence on the phytoplankton biomass in 1983 and 1984; other environmental conditions, e.g. phosphorus availability, may have been important. Also, the laboratory-derived growth kinetics of P. hollandica may not have been equally suitable for modelling in the four summers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026047
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studium des Alterns -  Die Augenlinse als Modell (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 20 (1990), S. 48-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Wegen der besonderen Art ihrer Entwicklung und ihres Wachstums lassen sich an der Augenlinse viele Altersveränderungen auf zellulärer und molekularer Ebene verfolgen. Ausgeprägte postsynthetische Veränderungen wie Aggregation, Phosphorylierung, Desamidierung, Bildung kovalenter Vernetzungen und Racemisierung wurden vor allem an den Strukturproteinen der Linse, den Kristallinen, eingehend untersucht. Die zukünftige Forschung wird zeigen müssen, inwiefern die bisherigen Erkenntnisse allgemeine Bedeutung für die Prozesse der biologischen Alterung haben.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.19900200114
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