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  • ASME International  (10)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Numerical and Experimental Study of Multiphase Transient Core-Annular Flow Patterns in a Spouted Bed
    ASME International ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Energy Resources Technology Vol. 142, No. 9 ( 2020-09-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Energy Resources Technology, ASME International, Vol. 142, No. 9 ( 2020-09-01)
    Abstract: Dense solid–gas bubbling systems with combined fluid-particle motion are among one of the most extensively used fluidization forms used in the chemical industry. Therefore, it is important to have a good understanding of the hydrodynamic behavior of bubbles. In this paper, both the experiment and numerical simulations are used to investigate the flow patterns in a spouted bed. For numerical simulations, the bidirectional coupling simulations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with discrete element method (DEM) are conducted. The results show that the simulations can accurately predict the bubbles morphology compared with the experimental results. When the number of particles is 30,000, only a single core-annular flow pattern appears. When the number of particles is increased to 36,500, the single bubble in the spouted bed transitions into two and a double core-annular flow pattern emerges. As the number of particles is increased to 43,000, a complex multicore-annular flow pattern appears. These flow patterns are also observed in the experiments using high-speed imaging camera. This paper analyzes and explains the causes of these flow phenomena from the dynamic characteristics of particle phase and fluid phase. These results have great significance in providing guidance for optimization of dense phase bubbling spouted beds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0195-0738 , 1528-8994
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4047305
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Comprehensive Aero-Hydro-Structural Analysis of a 5 MW Offshore Wind Turbine System
    ASME International ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Vol. 141, No. 6 ( 2019-12-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 141, No. 6 ( 2019-12-01)
    Abstract: A comprehensive aero-hydro-structural analysis is conducted for a 5 MW offshore wind turbine system in this study. Soil–structure interaction under complex aero-hydro loading is analyzed to provide a suitable foundation design with high safety. With consideration of the wind turbine size and water depth, the monopile foundation design by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is selected in the current study. Both aerodynamic loading for the 5 MW wind turbine rotor defined by NREL and hydrodynamic loading on the foundation are simulated under different flow conditions using high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics methods. Structural dynamic analysis is then carried out to estimate the stress field in the foundation and soil. Results from the comprehensive analysis indicate that the Morison equation is conservative when looking at the stress field in the monopile foundation and underestimates the stress field in soil. A similar analysis strategy can be applied to other types of foundations such as jacket foundations and lead to more economical and reliable designs of foundations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0199-6231 , 1528-8986
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4043514
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamics Modeling and Modal Space Control Strategy of Ship-Borne Stewart Platform for Wave Compensation
    ASME International ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2023-08-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics, ASME International, Vol. 15, No. 4 ( 2023-08-01)
    Abstract: The ship-borne Stewart platform can compensate for the six-degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) motion generated by the ship, which improves the reliability and safety of offshore operations and increases the executable window period. The heavy and off-center load of the gangway significantly influences the high-precision compensation control of the platform. Besides, the gangway assembled on the platform vibrates easily due to its low natural frequency that requires high dynamic performance of the compensating. To deal with the problem mentioned, the modal space control strategy is introduced to fully consider the inertia characteristics. First, based on Kane's method, the complete dynamic model considering the ship's motion and actuator inertia is established. Then, the modal space proportional and derivative (PD) controller (MSPDC) and the modal space sliding mode controller (MSSMC) are designed based on the modal theory. Finally, simulations are carried out to show the advantages of the proposed model and the advantages of proposed controllers in compensation accuracy and anti-interference ability. Furthermore, the significant compensation rate (SCR) is proposed to evaluate the six-DOFs compensation accuracy. Compared with the PD controller with gravity compensation (PDCGC), the position SCR of MSSMC is increased from 95.37% to 99.28%, and the angle SCR increased from 85.57% to 99.65%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-4302 , 1942-4310
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4062177
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantitative Mechanism of Significant Benefits of Underfill in Flip-Chip Assemblies
    ASME International ; 2003
    In:  Journal of Electronic Packaging Vol. 125, No. 1 ( 2003-03-01), p. 84-92
    Details
    In: Journal of Electronic Packaging, ASME International, Vol. 125, No. 1 ( 2003-03-01), p. 84-92
    Abstract: The thermal fatigue failure of SnPb solder joints of flip chip on board with and without underfill for two types of flip-chip packages was investigated by conducting thermal cycling test, scanning acoustic microscopy observation, and cross section inspection. The corresponding 3-D finite element simulation was performed to analyze the effects of underfill on thermomechanical behavior. The viscoelasticity of underfill and the viscoplasticity of solder were considered in the 3-D simulations. The Coffin-Manson equation with material constants C=5.54,β=−1.38 was fitted from the combination of the lifetime measured and the shear plastic strain range simulated by 3-D model. In the case with underfill, the plastic strain of every solder joint becomes very similar and little dependent on the position of solder joints. The modeled axial strain distribution coincided well with the distribution of microstructure coarsening visible in cross sections. The mismatch of thermal expansion resulted in an overall warpage of the assembly for the case with underfill, which decreased the shear deformation of the solder joints and increased the interface stress on the chip. The interface stress distribution from the 3-D simulation agreed very well with the experimental observations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1043-7398 , 1528-9044
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.1533802
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2003
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Novel Anterior Transpedicular Screw Artificial Vertebral Body System for Lower Cervical Spine Fixation: A Finite Element Study
    ASME International ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Biomechanical Engineering Vol. 139, No. 6 ( 2017-06-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 139, No. 6 ( 2017-06-01)
    Abstract: A finite element model was used to compare the biomechanical properties of a novel anterior transpedicular screw artificial vertebral body system (AVBS) with a conventional anterior screw plate system (ASPS) for fixation in the lower cervical spine. A model of the intact cervical spine (C3–C7) was established. AVBS or ASPS constructs were implanted between C4 and C6. The models were loaded in three-dimensional (3D) motion. The Von Mises stress distribution in the internal fixators was evaluated, as well as the range of motion (ROM) and facet joint force. The models were generated and analyzed by mimics, geomagic studio, and ansys software. The intact model of the lower cervical spine consisted of 286,382 elements. The model was validated against previously reported cadaveric experimental data. In the ASPS model, stress was concentrated at the connection between the screw and plate and the connection between the titanium mesh and adjacent vertebral body. In the AVBS model, stress was evenly distributed. Compared to the intact cervical spine model, the ROM of the whole specimen after fixation with both constructs is decreased by approximately 3 deg. ROM of adjacent segments is increased by approximately 5 deg. Facet joint force of the ASPS and AVBS models was higher than those of the intact cervical spine model, especially in extension and lateral bending. AVBS fixation represents a novel reconstruction approach for the lower cervical spine. AVBS provides better stability and lower risk for internal fixator failure compared with traditional ASPS fixation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0731 , 1528-8951
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4036393
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2017
    SSG: 31
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Kinetostatic Analysis of Pneumatic Bending Soft Actuator Coupling With Revolute Joint
    ASME International ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2023-12-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics, ASME International, Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2023-12-01)
    Abstract: This paper presents the kinetostatic analysis of pneumatic bending soft actuator coupling with revolute joint, aimed to discover the bending performance of soft actuator wearing on physical joint of human body as exoskeleton. First, a new pneumatic bidirectional bending soft actuator is designed and its mechanical characteristic is obtained by experimental tests. Then, the kinetostatic analysis based on the principle of virtual work is conducted on the proposed soft actuator in the cases of bending alone and coupling with revolute joint. Finally, the kinetostatic equations are solved, and thus the bending performance of the soft actuator bending alone or coupling with revolute joint is obtained. This research mainly reveals the influence of coupling constraint on bending motions of soft actuator and lays a theoretical foundation for the pneumatic bending soft actuator to be applied in assist exoskeletons.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-4302 , 1942-4310
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4056503
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Energy-Based Framework for Nonlinear Kinetostatic Modeling of Compliant Mechanisms Utilizing Beam Flexures
    ASME International ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering Vol. 21, No. 6 ( 2021-12-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 21, No. 6 ( 2021-12-01)
    Abstract: Although energy-based methods have advantages over the Newtonian methods for kinetostatic modeling, the geometric nonlinearities inherent in deflections of compliant mechanisms preclude most of the energy-based theorems. Castigliano’s first theorem and the Crotti–Engesser theorem, which do not require the problem being solved to be linear, are selected to construct the energy-based kinetostatic modeling framework for compliant mechanisms in this work. Utilization of these two theorems requires explicitly formulating the strain energy in terms of deflections and the complementary strain energy in terms of loads, which are derived based on the beam constraint model. The kinetostatic modeling of two compliant mechanisms are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the explicit formulations in this framework derived from Castigliano’s first theorem and the Crotti–Engesser theorem.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1530-9827 , 1944-7078
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4050472
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Design of a Spatial Translation Mechanism by Optimizing Spatial Ground Structures and Its Kinematic Analysis
    ASME International ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Mechanical Design Vol. 140, No. 8 ( 2018-08-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Mechanical Design, ASME International, Vol. 140, No. 8 ( 2018-08-01)
    Abstract: In our previous work, we designed a three-degrees-of-freedom (3DOF) translational parallel mechanism based on a proposed design strategy. In this paper, the design strategy is further improved, and a novel spatial translation mechanism (STM) is found. The novel STM consists of a platform, a base, and six modules between the platform and the base. Each module is a passive planar 6R single-loop closed chain, and it is connected with two other modules. Meanwhile, three modules are connected to the base, and the other three modules are connected to the platform. All the connections among the modules, platform, and base are realized by revolute joints. There are no obvious limbs in the mechanism due to the complex connections. The mobility of the STM is analyzed, and the forward kinematics is investigated. To validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the design, one prototype is fabricated. At the end of the paper, we draw some conclusions and discuss the future works.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1050-0472 , 1528-9001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4040269
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multi-Objective Optimal Design of a Cable-Driven Parallel Robot Based on an Adaptive Adjustment Inertia Weight Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
    ASME International ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Mechanical Design Vol. 145, No. 8 ( 2023-08-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Mechanical Design, ASME International, Vol. 145, No. 8 ( 2023-08-01)
    Abstract: Cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) have been widely used in engineering fields because of their significant advantages including high load-bearing capacity, large workspace, and low inertia. However, the impact of convergence speed and solution accuracy of optimization approaches on optimal performances can become a key issue when it comes to the optimal design of CDPR applied to large storage space. An adaptive adjustment inertia weight particle swarm optimization (AAIWPSO) algorithm is proposed for the multi-objective optimal design of CDPR. The kinematic and static models of CDPR are established based on the principle of virtual work. Subsequently, two performance indices including workspace and dexterity are derived. A multi-objective optimization model is established based on performance indices. The AAIWPSO algorithm introduces an adaptive adjustment inertia weight to improve the convergence efficiency and accuracy of traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Numerical examples demonstrate that final convergence values of the objective function by the AAIWPSO algorithm can almost be 14∼20% and 19∼40% higher than those by the PSO algorithm and genetic algorithm (GA) for the optimal design of CDPR with different configurations and masses of end-effectors, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1050-0472 , 1528-9001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4062458
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modeling Large Deflections of Initially Curved Beams in Compliant Mechanisms Using Chained Beam Constraint Model
    ASME International ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2019-02-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics, ASME International, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2019-02-01)
    Abstract: Understanding and analyzing large and nonlinear deflections are the major challenges of designing compliant mechanisms. Initially, curved beams can offer potential advantages to designers of compliant mechanisms and provide useful alternatives to initially straight beams. However, the literature on analysis and design using such beams is rather limited. This paper presents a general and accurate method for modeling large planar deflections of initially curved beams of uniform cross section, which can be easily adapted to curved beams of various shapes. This method discretizes a curved beam into a few elements and models each element as a circular-arc beam using the beam constraint model (BCM), which is termed as the chained BCM (CBCM). Two different discretization schemes are provided for the method, among which the equal discretization is suitable for circular-arc beams and the unequal discretization is for curved beams of other shapes. Compliant mechanisms utilizing initially curved beams of circular-arc, cosine and parabola shapes are modeled to demonstrate the effectiveness of CBCM for initially curved beams of various shapes. The method is also accurate enough to capture the relevant nonlinear load-deflection characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-4302 , 1942-4310
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4041585
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2019
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