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  • MDPI AG  (356)
  • Zhang, Jing  (356)
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  • MDPI AG  (356)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chronic Breathlessness in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Use of Lymphocyte Parameters to Identify Overlap Syndrome among Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-01-25), p. 936-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-01-25), p. 936-
    Abstract: Little is known about the distribution of etiology in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) combined with chronic breathlessness. A significant portion of patients in this group have so-called “overlap syndrome (OVS)”, characterized by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OVS has more complications and a poorer prognosis compared to patients with either OSA or COPD alone, which makes it important to identify OVS early in OSA. The current study was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of consecutive adult patients who were diagnosed with OSA (n = 1062), of whom 275 were hospitalized due to chronic breathlessness. Respiratory and cardiac diseases accounted for the vast majority of causes, followed by gastrointestinal and renal disorders. The final study population comprised 115 patients with OSA alone (n = 64) and OVS (n = 51), who had chronic breathlessness as the primary complaint, not secondary as one of many other complaints. Lymphocytes, CD4 counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and PLR were differently expressed between the OSA-alone group and OVS group. The NLR, lymphocytes, and CD4 counts had a moderate diagnostic value for OVS in OSA patients, with AUCs of 0.708 (95% CI, 0.614–0.802), 0.719 (95% CI, 0.624–0.813), and 0.744 (95% CI, 0.653–0.834), respectively. The NLR had the highest AUC for predicting a 6-month re-admission of OVS, with a cut-off of 3.567 and a moderate prognostic value. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.8 and 0.732, respectively. In the animal model, the spleen hematoxylin- and eosin-stained, electron microscopy images showed germinal-center damage, chromatin activation, and mitochondrial swelling under the overlapping effect of intermittent hypoxia and cigarette smoke exposure. OSA with chronic breathlessness cannot be overstated. A significant proportion of patients with COPD in this group had poor lung function at initial diagnosis. The NLR is a useful biomarker to differentiate OVS among OSA patients combined with chronic breathlessness.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030936
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development of a Transformation System and Locus Identification Pipeline for T-DNA in Chrysanthemum seticuspe, A Model Species for Hexaploid Cultivated Chrysanthemum
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 19 ( 2022-09-28), p. 11426-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 19 ( 2022-09-28), p. 11426-
    Abstract: Chrysanthemum is one of the most popular flowers worldwide and has high aesthetic and commercial value. However, the cultivated varieties of chrysanthemum are hexaploid and highly heterozygous, which makes gene editing and gene function research difficult. Gojo-0 is a diploid homozygous line bred from a self-compatible mutant of Chrysanthemum seticuspe and is expected to become a model plant of the genus Chrysanthemum. After assessment of different growth regulator combinations, the optimal concentrations of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) in the regeneration system were 1.0 mg·L−1 and 0.2 mg·L−1, respectively. In the genetic transformation system, the selected concentrations of kanamycin, hygromycin and glufosinate-ammonium were 10 mg·L−1, 2.5 mg·L−1 and 0.6 mg·L−1 for bud generation and 12 mg L−1, 1.5 mg·L−1 and 0.5 mg·L−1 for rooting. The transgenic plants were verified by not only PCR detection and GUS staining, but also identification of the T-DNA insertion locus using high-throughput sequencing. Our results lay the foundation for gene functional research on chrysanthemum and will help with the identification of transgenic plants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911426
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hyperbranched Poly(β-amino ester)s (HPAEs) Structure Optimisation for Enhanced Gene Delivery: Non-Ideal Termination Elimination
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 12, No. 21 ( 2022-11-04), p. 3892-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 21 ( 2022-11-04), p. 3892-
    Abstract: Many polymeric gene delivery nano-vectors with hyperbranched structures have been demonstrated to be superior to their linear counterparts. The higher delivery efficacy is commonly attributed to the abundant terminal groups of branched polymers, which play critical roles in cargo entrapment, material-cell interaction, and endosome escape. Hyperbranched poly(β-amino ester)s (HPAEs) have developed as a class of safe and efficient gene delivery vectors. Although numerous research has been conducted to optimise the HPAE structure for gene delivery, the effect of the secondary amine residue on its backbone monomer, which is considered the non-ideal termination, has never been optimised. In this work, the effect of the non-ideal termination was carefully evaluated. Moreover, a series of HPAEs with only ideal terminations were synthesised by adjusting the backbone synthesis strategy to further explore the merits of hyperbranched structures. The HPAE obtained from modified synthesis methods exhibited more than twice the amounts of the ideal terminal groups compared to the conventional ones, determined by NMR. Their transfection performance enhanced significantly, where the optimal HPAE candidates developed in this study outperformed leading commercial benchmarks for DNA delivery, including Lipofectamine 3000, jetPEI, and jetOPTIMUS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano12213892
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effect of Twin Grain Boundary Tuned by Temperature on the Electrical Transport Properties of Monolayer MoS2
    MDPI AG ; 2016
    In:  Crystals Vol. 6, No. 9 ( 2016-09-14), p. 115-
    Details
    In: Crystals, MDPI AG, Vol. 6, No. 9 ( 2016-09-14), p. 115-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4352
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cryst6090115
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661516-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemokine Receptors CCR6 and PD1 Blocking scFv E27 Enhances Anti-EGFR CAR-T Therapeutic Efficacy in a Preclinical Model of Human Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 6 ( 2023-03-12), p. 5424-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 6 ( 2023-03-12), p. 5424-
    Abstract: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, a therapeutic agent for solid tumors, are not completely effective due to a lack of infiltration of T cells into the tumor site and immunity caused by Programmed Death Receptor 1(PD1). Here, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) CAR-T cell was engineered to express the chemokine receptor CCR6 and secrete PD1 blocking Single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) E27 to enhance their anti-tumor effects. The findings showed that CCR6 enhanced the migration of EGFR CAR-E27-CCR6 T cells in vitro by the Transwell migration assay. When incubated with tumor cells, EGFR CAR-E27-CCR6 T cells specifically exerted potent cytotoxicity and produced high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). A non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell line-derived xenograft model was constructed by implanting modified A549 cell lines into immunodeficient NOD.PrkdcscidIl2rgem1/Smoc (NSG) mice. In comparison with traditional EGFR CAR-T cells, live imaging indicated that EGFR CAR-E27-CCR6 T cells displayed superior anti-tumor function. In addition, the histopathological examination of mouse organs showed no obvious organic damage. Our findings confirmed that PD1 blocking and CCR6 can enhance the anti-tumor function of EGFR CAR-T cells in an NSCLC xenograft model, providing an effective treatment strategy to improve the efficacy of CAR-T in NSCLC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065424
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis of In Vivo Existence Forms of Nardosinone in Mice by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS Technique
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 21 ( 2022-10-26), p. 7267-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 21 ( 2022-10-26), p. 7267-
    Abstract: Nardosinone, a sesquiterpene peroxide, is one of the main active constituents of the ethnomedicine Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma, and it has many bioactivities, such as antiarrhythmia and cardioprotection. To elucidate its in vivo existence forms, its metabolism is first studied using mice. All urine and feces are collected during the six days of oral dosing of nardosinone, and blood is collected at one hour after the last dose. Besides, to validate some metabolites, a fast experiment is performed, in which nardosinone was orally administered and the subsequent one-hour urine is collected and immediately analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. In total, 76 new metabolites are identified in this study, including 39, 51, and 12 metabolites in urine, plasma, and feces, respectively. Nardosinone can be converted into nardosinone acid or its isomers. The metabolic reactions of nardosinone included hydroxylation, hydrogenation, dehydration, glucuronidation, sulfation, demethylation, and carboxylation. There are 56 and 20 metabolites with the structural skeleton of nardosinone and nardosinone acid, respectively. In total, 77 in vivo existence forms of nardosinone are found in mice. Nardosinone is mainly excreted in urine and is not detected in the feces. These findings will lay the foundation for further research of the in vivo effective forms of nardosinone and Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217267
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigate on the Mechanism of HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 Interface Passivation Based on Low-Temperature Ozone Oxidation and Si-Cap Methods
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2021-04-09), p. 955-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2021-04-09), p. 955-
    Abstract: The interface passivation of the HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 stack is systematically investigated based on low-temperature ozone oxidation and Si-cap methods. Compared with the Al2O3/Si0.7Ge0.3 stack, the dispersive feature and interface state density (Dit) of the HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 stack MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) capacitor under ozone direct oxidation (pre-O sample) increases obviously. This is because the tiny amounts of GeOx in the formed interlayer (IL) oxide layer are more likely to diffuse into HfO2 and cause the HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 interface to deteriorate. Moreover, a post-HfO2-deposition (post-O) ozone indirect oxidation is proposed for the HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 stack; it is found that compared with pre-O sample, the Dit of the post-O sample decreases by about 50% due to less GeOx available in the IL layer. This is because the amount of oxygen atoms reaching the interface of HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 decreases and the thickness of IL in the post-O sample also decreases. To further reduce the Dit of the HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 interface, a Si-cap passivation with the optimal thickness of 1 nm is developed and an excellent HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 interface with Dit of 1.53 × 1011 eV−1cm−2 @ E−Ev = 0.36 eV is attained. After detailed analysis of the chemical structure of the HfO2/IL/Si-cap/Si0.7Ge0.3 using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), it is confirmed that the excellent HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 interface is realized by preventing the formation of Hf-silicate/Hf-germanate and Si oxide originating from the reaction between HfO2 and Si0.7Ge0.3 substrate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano11040955
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 8
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    Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Provide Insights into the Coloring Mechanism of Dark-red and Yellow Fruits in Chinese Cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G. Don]
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2023-02-09), p. 3471-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2023-02-09), p. 3471-
    Abstract: Chinese cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G. Don] is an important fruit tree from China that has excellent ornamental, economic, and nutritional values with various colors. The dark-red or red coloration of fruit, an attractive trait for consumers, is determined by anthocyanin pigmentation. In this study, the coloring patterns during fruit development in dark-red and yellow Chinese cherry fruits were firstly illustrated by integrated transcriptome and widely-targeted metabolome analyses. Anthocyanin accumulation in dark-red fruits was significantly higher compared with yellow fruits from the color conversion period, being positively correlated to the color ratio. Based on transcriptome analysis, eight structural genes (CpCHS, CpCHI, CpF3H, CpF3’H, CpDFR, CpANS, CpUFGT, and CpGST) were significantly upregulated in dark-red fruits from the color conversion period, especially CpANS, CpUFGT, and CpGST. On contrary, the expression level of CpLAR were considerably higher in yellow fruits than in dark-red fruits, especially at the early stage. Eight regulatory genes (CpMYB4, CpMYB10, CpMYB20, CpMYB306, bHLH1, CpNAC10, CpERF106, and CpbZIP4) were also identified as determinants of fruit color in Chinese cherry. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry identified 33 and 3 differential expressed metabolites related to anthocyanins and procyanidins between mature dark-red and yellow fruits. Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside was the predominant anthocyanin compound in both fruits, while it was 6.23-fold higher in dark-red than in yellow fruits. More accumulated flavanol and procyanidin contents resulted in less anthocyanin content in flavonoid pathway in yellow fruits due to the higher expression level of CpLAR. These findings can help understand the coloring mechanism of dark-red and yellow fruits in Chinese cherry, and provide genetic basis for breeding new cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043471
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Comparative Analysis of Transposable Elements and the Identification of Candidate Centromeric Elements in the Prunus Subgenus Cerasus and Its Relatives
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Genes Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2022-04-02), p. 641-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2022-04-02), p. 641-
    Abstract: The subgenus Cerasus and its relatives include many crucial economic drupe fruits and ornamental plants. Repetitive elements make up a large part of complex genomes, and some of them play an important role in gene regulation that can affect phenotypic variation. However, the variation in their genomes remains poorly understood. This work conducted a comprehensive repetitive sequence identification across the draft genomes of eight taxa of the genus Prunus, including four of the Prunus subgenus Cerasus (Prunus pseudocerasus, P. avium, P. yedoensis and P. × yedoensis) as well as congeneric species (Prunus salicina, P. armeniaca, P. dulcis and P. persica). Annotation results showed high proportions of transposable elements in their genomes, ranging from 52.28% (P. armeniaca) to 61.86% (P. pseudocerasus). The most notable differences in the contents of long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) and tandem repeats (TRs) were confirmed with de novo identification based on the structure of each genome, which significantly contributed to their genome size variation, especially in P. avium and P.salicina. Sequence comparisons showed many similar LTR-RTs closely related to their phylogenetic relationships, and a highly similar monomer unit of the TR sequence was conserved among species. Additionally, the predicted centromere-associated sequence was located in centromeric regions with FISH in the 12 taxa of Prunus. It presented significantly different signal intensities, even within the diverse interindividual phenotypes for Prunus tomentosa. This study provides insight into the LTR-RT and TR variation within Prunus and increases our knowledge about its role in genome evolution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes13040641
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 10
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    Development and Cross-Species Transferability of Novel Genomic-SSR Markers and Their Utility in Hybrid Identification and Trait Association Analysis in Chinese Cherry
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Horticulturae Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2022-03-03), p. 222-
    Details
    In: Horticulturae, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2022-03-03), p. 222-
    Abstract: Chinese cherry (Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G.Don) is an economically important tetraploid fruiting cherry species native to China. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs)—due to their codominance, polymorphism, and stability—have been widely applied in genetic identification and trait-association analysis. In this study, using comparative genomics strategy and the data of one high-quality whole genome and seven preliminarily assembled genome sequences, we constructed a database containing 25,779 polymorphic SSR loci to efficiently develop novel markers. Sixty-four SSR loci covering eight linkage groups were selected to design primer pairs. Sixty (93.75%) primer pairs yielded specific bands and 32 (50.00%) exhibited moderate-to-high levels of informativeness (PIC ranging from 0.264 to 0.728) in 94 Chinese cherry accessions. A total of 38 primer pairs exhibited high transferability across 13 Cerasus taxa. The marker SAUCps203 was species-specific in C. pseudocerasus by checking with 114 accessions from Cerasus and 16 relatives, suggesting its potential application in accurate identification of Chinese cherry or its interspecific hybrid. Moreover, 1081 out of 1122 individuals from three cross F1 populations of Chinese cherry were identified as true hybrid offspring by using only five SSR markers. Trait association analysis suggested that 20 SSR loci were significantly associated with soluble solids and fruit size, with explained phenotypic variance ranging from 9.02% to 26.35%. This study will provide a basis for SSR-based germplasm identification and further marker-assisted selection (MAS) of Chinese cherry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-7524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030222
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813983-5
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