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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association between Tryptophan Metabolism and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Dairy Cows with Ketosis
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Metabolites Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-02-23), p. 333-
    Details
    In: Metabolites, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-02-23), p. 333-
    Abstract: Dairy cows with ketosis have high circulating beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentrations alongside which inflammation is concomitantly developed. Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid that participates in the regulation of the inflammatory response. However, the association between Trp metabolism and inflammation in dairy cows with ketosis remains unclear. Therefore, blood samples from healthy (n = 10) and ketotic (n = 10) primiparous dairy cows were collected at the calving date and the day of ketosis diagnosis (7 days in milk (7 DIM)). Serum levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), BHBA, haptoglobin (HP), serum amyloid A (SAA), lipopolysaccharide, and cortisol were analyzed. Tryptophan and its metabolites were quantified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. At 7 DIM, the concentrations of NEFA, BHBA, HP, and SAA were higher and the levels of Trp, kynurenine (KYN), indoleacetic acid, indole-3-lactic acid, and 3-indoxyl sulfate were lower in the dairy cows with ketosis compared with those in the healthy cows. However, the KYN/Trp and melatonin/Trp ratios increased in the cows with ketosis. At the calving date, the serum lipopolysaccharide levels did not differ between the healthy and ketotic cows, whereas the levels of NEFA, HP, and cortisol increased in the ketotic cows. Correlation analysis showed that Trp deficiency and elevated Trp metabolism in the dairy cows occurred during ketosis. Overall, our results suggest that abnormal Trp metabolism may contribute to the pathogenesis of ketosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-1989
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030333
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662251-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intrinsic noise in magnetic film/planar coil sensors
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Vol. 518 ( 2021-01), p. 167381-
    Details
    In: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Elsevier BV, Vol. 518 ( 2021-01), p. 167381-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0304-8853
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.167381
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479000-2
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Metabolic Stress Alleviation by Prepartum Exercise in Transition Dairy Cows
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Metabolites Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2022-03-31), p. 309-
    Details
    In: Metabolites, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2022-03-31), p. 309-
    Abstract: Prepartum exercise (PA) has been proposed as a strategy for the peripartum management of dairy cows; however, the mechanism by which PA affects metabolism has not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the metabolic changes in transition dairy cows with PA. Holstein transition multiparous dairy cows were assigned to an exercise (n = 12) or a control (n = 12) group; the cows in the exercise group walked for a targeted 45 min at 3.25 km/h, two times a day. Plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), glucose, and triglyceride levels were measured, and metabolic profiles were analyzed using untargeted mass spectrometry. Compared with those in the control group, the concentrations of NEFA at −7 d, glucose at 0 d, and BHBA at +7 d relative to calving were considerably decreased in the exercise group. Untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed differences in the levels of key metabolites, including kynurenine, tryptophan, homovanillic acid, dopamine, cis-9-palmitoleic acid, and palmitic acid, between the exercise and control group cows. This study suggests that PA may decrease homovanillic acid and cis-9-palmitoleic acid levels and increase tryptophan levels to alleviate the metabolic stress in dairy cows during calving, thereby improving postpartum health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-1989
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040309
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662251-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beta-Glucan Alters Gut Microbiota and Plasma Metabolites in Pre-Weaning Dairy Calves
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Metabolites Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-07-26), p. 687-
    Details
    In: Metabolites, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-07-26), p. 687-
    Abstract: The present study aims to evaluate the alterations in gut microbiome and plasma metabolites of dairy calves with β-glucan (BG) supplementation. Fourteen healthy newborn dairy calves with similar body weight were randomly divided into control (n = 7) and BG (n = 7) groups. All the calves were fed on the basal diet, while calves in the BG group were supplemented with oat BG on d 8 for 14 days. Serum markers, fecal microbiome, and plasma metabolites at d 21 were analyzed. The calves were weaned on d 60 and weighed. The mean weaning weight of the BG group was 4.29 kg heavier than that of the control group. Compared with the control group, the levels of serum globulin, albumin, and superoxide dismutase were increased in the BG group. Oat BG intake increased the gut microbiota richness and decreased the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio. Changes in serum markers were found to be correlated with the plasma metabolites, including sphingosine, trehalose, and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol sulfate, and gut microbiota such as Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214, Alistipes, and Bacteroides. Overall, these results suggest that the BG promotes growth and health of pre-weaning dairy calves by affecting the interaction between the host and gut microbiota.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2218-1989
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080687
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662251-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Altered Fecal Microbiome and Correlations of the Metabolome with Plasma Metabolites in Dairy Cows with Left Displaced Abomasum
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2022
    In:  Microbiology Spectrum Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2022-12-21)
    Details
    In: Microbiology Spectrum, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2022-12-21)
    Abstract: Left displaced abomasum (LDA) in postpartum dairy cows contributes to significant economic losses. Dairy cows with LDA undergo excessive lipid mobilization and insulin resistance. Although gut dysbiosis is implicated, little is known about the role of the gut microbiota in the abnormal metabolic processes of LDA. To investigate the functional links among microbiota, metabolites, and disease phenotypes in LDA, we performed 16S rDNA gene amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of fecal samples from cows with LDA ( n  = 10) and healthy cows ( n  = 10). Plasma marker profiling was synchronously analyzed. In the LDA event, gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolome were shifted in circulation with an amino acid pool deficit in dairy cows. Compared with the healthy cows, salicylic acid derived from microbiota catabolism was decreased in the LDA cows, which negatively correlated with Akkermansia , Prevotella , non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) levels. Conversely, fecal taurolithocholic acid levels were increased in cows with LDA. Based on integrated analysis with the plasma metabolome, eight genera and eight metabolites were associated with LDA. Of note, the increases in Akkermansia and Oscillospira abundances were negatively correlated with the decreases in 4-pyridoxic acid and cytidine levels, and positively correlated with the increases in NEFA and BHBA levels in amino acid deficit, indicating pyridoxal metabolism-associated gut dysbiosis and lipolysis. Changes in branched-chain amino acids implicated novel host-microbial metabolic pathways involving lipolysis and insulin resistance in cows with LDA. Overall, these results suggest an interplay between host and gut microbes contributing to LDA pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE LDA is a major contributor to economic losses in the dairy industry worldwide; however, the mechanisms associated with the metabolic changes in LDA remain unclear. Most previous studies have focused on the rumen microbiota in terms of understanding the contributors to the productivity and health of dairy cows; this study further sheds light on the relevance of the lower gut microbiota and its associated metabolites in mediating the development of LDA. This study is the first to characterize the correlation between gut microbes and metabolic phenotypes in dairy cows with LDA by leveraging multi-omics data, highlighting that the gut microbe may be involved in the regulation of lipolysis and insulin resistance by modulating the amino acid composition. Moreover, this study provides new markers for further research to understand the pathogenesis of the disease as well as to develop effective treatment and prevention strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2165-0497
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01972-22
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2807133-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Use of antimicrobial peptides as a feed additive for juvenile goats
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2017
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2017-09-25)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2017-09-25)
    Abstract: Although antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been used as feed additives, only a few studies have examined their use in ruminants. In this study, we evaluated the use of AMPs(recombinant swine defensin and a fly antibacterial peptide were mixed by 1:1) as a medicated feed additive for juvenile goats. Dietary treatments included control groups (group I: 300 g concentrate; group III: 600 g concentrate), and AMP-supplemented groups (group II: 300 g concentrate + 3.0 g AMPs; group IV: 600 g concentrate + 3.0 g AMPs). AMP-treated groups exhibited an increase in bacterial genera, including Fibrobacter , Anaerovibrio , and Succiniclasticum , and the ciliate genus Ophryoscolex ; as well a reduction in bacterial genera, such as Selenomonas , Succinivibrio , and Treponema , and the ciliate genera Polyplastron , Entodinium , and Isotricha . The changes in Fibrobacter , Anaerovibrio , Ophryoscolex , Polyplastron , Entodinium , and Isotricha were related to the concentrate. AMP treatment led to increased body weight, average daily weight gain, enzymatic activity (pectinase, xylanase, and lipase), especially in the normal concentrate group, and influence on ruminal fermentation function. In addition, goats treated with AMPs had higher rumen microorganism diversity indices than the control groups. Our results demonstrate that AMPs can be utilized as feed additives for juvenile goats.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12394-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis on Variable Inductances of Planar Coils Sandwiched by Soft Magnetic Layers
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ; 2018
    In:  IEEE Transactions on Magnetics Vol. 54, No. 11 ( 2018-11), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Vol. 54, No. 11 ( 2018-11), p. 1-6
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0018-9464 , 1941-0069
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2018.2846244
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025397-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modifying magnetization behavior of magnetic films utilizing surface grooved grating patterns
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Vol. 533 ( 2021-09), p. 168025-
    Details
    In: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Elsevier BV, Vol. 533 ( 2021-09), p. 168025-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0304-8853
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2021.168025
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479000-2
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Molecular typing and prevalence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from Chinese dairy cows with clinical mastitis
    Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2022
    In:  PLOS ONE Vol. 17, No. 5 ( 2022-5-6), p. e0268262-
    Details
    In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 17, No. 5 ( 2022-5-6), p. e0268262-
    Abstract: Bovine mastitis is a common disease occurring in dairy farms and can be caused by more than 150 species of pathogenic bacteria. One of the most common causative organisms is Streptococcus agalactiae , which is also potentially harmful to humans and aquatic animals. At present, research on S . agalactiae in China is mostly concentrated in the northern region, with limited research in the southeastern and southwestern regions. In this study, a total of 313 clinical mastitis samples from large-scale dairy farms in five regions of Sichuan were collected for isolation of S . agalactiae . The epidemiological distribution of S . agalactiae was inferred by serotyping isolates with multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Susceptibility testing and drug resistance genes were detected to guide the clinical use of antibiotics. Virulence genes were also detected to deduce the pathogenicity of S . agalactiae in Sichuan Province. One hundred and five strains of S . agalactiae (33.6%) were isolated according to phenotypic features, biochemical characteristics, and 16S rRNA sequencing. Serotype multiplex polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that all isolates were of type Ia. The isolates were up to 100% sensitive to aminoglycosides (kanamycin, gentamicin, neomycin, and tobramycin), and the resistance rate to β-lactams (penicillin, amoxicillin, ceftazidime, and piperacillin) was up to 98.1%. The TEM gene (β-lactam-resistant) was detected in all isolates, which was in accordance with a drug-resistant phenotype. Analysis of virulence genes showed that all isolates harbored the cfb , cylE , fbsA , fbsB , hylB , and α-enolase genes and none harbored bac or lmb . These data could aid in the prevention and control of mastitis and improve our understanding of epidemiological trends in dairy cows infected with S . agalactiae in Sichuan Province.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-6203
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268262
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268262.g001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268262.g002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268262.t001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268262.t002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268262.s001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268262.s002
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268262.s003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Effect of Astragalus membranaceus Root on the Serum Metabolome of Preweaning Dairy Calves
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Agriculture Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2022-05-24), p. 744-
    Details
    In: Agriculture, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 6 ( 2022-05-24), p. 744-
    Abstract: The effect of the Astragalus membranaceus root (AMR) on the serum metabolic profiles of preweaning calf were investigated in this study. Sixteen preweaning Holstein calves were randomly allocated into two groups with eight calves per group, and offered a control basal diet (CON group) or supplemented with 20 g superfine powder of AMR (AMR group) for 14 day. Serum samples were collected from calves on day 0, 7 and 14. Serum albumin, globulin, total protein, glucose, reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase were evaluated. Serum metabolic profiling was analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results demonstrated that there were no significantly difference of total protein, glucose, reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase between the CON group and AMR group (p 〉 0.05), while within the CON group and AMR group, serum glucose showed a continuous upward trend from 0 day to 14 day (p 〈 0.001). Untargeted metabolomics analysis found the metabolism of preweaning calf was considerably changed during growth, mainly including amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism and showed an increasing in protein synthesis and gluconeogenesis. 19 differential metabolites have been screened after supplementing AMR for 14 day, nine of which were up-regulated, including ornithine, L-pyroglutamic acid, L-proline and D-proline, and 10 down-regulated, containing L-kynurenine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetate, linoleic acid and 4-pyridoxic acid. Pathway analysis found these metabolites mainly participated in three primary pathways: arginine and proline metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and glutathione metabolism (p 〈 0.05), while linoleic acid metabolism and vitamin B6 metabolism were also enriched (0.1 〈 p 〈 0.05). Such metabolic changes reflected the enhancement of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of preweaning calves.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agriculture12060744
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651678-0
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