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  • Yoo, Eunji  (3)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Investigation on the Factors Affecting Self-Discharge in Li/CF x -MnO 2 Hybrid Primary Batteries
    The Electrochemical Society ; 2022
    In:  ECS Meeting Abstracts Vol. MA2022-02, No. 2 ( 2022-10-09), p. 155-155
    Details
    In: ECS Meeting Abstracts, The Electrochemical Society, Vol. MA2022-02, No. 2 ( 2022-10-09), p. 155-155
    Abstract: Lithium/Carbon fluoride (Li/CF x ) primary batteries have been used in commercial applications, for example implantable cardiac pacemakers, due to their high energy density, long shelf life, and wide operation temperature range (-40 o C to 85 o C). However, the low electrical conductivity of CF x leads to a serious initial voltage delay at the beginning of discharge and the low rate capability of Li/CF x primary batteries. To overcome these issues, CF x materials are mixed with manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) to form hybrid cathodes due to a good rate capability of MnO 2 . Generally, the electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) used as cathode materials in Li/MnO 2 primary batteries contains about 5% of water before heat treatment. The pristine EMD materials were heat-treated to reduce the water contents. However, water can be reabsorbed by cathode materials during processing and cathode formation. In this study, we investigated the effects of residual water contents in the pristine heat-treated EMD materials and as-fabricated CF x -MnO 2 cathode electrodes on the self-discharge characteristics in Li/CF x -MnO 2 primary batteries. Moreover, we investigated the effect of protective film on Li anode surface on the self-discharge characteristics in Li/CF x -MnO 2 primary batteries. A protective film on Li anode surface was formed by immersing it in the electrolyte or carbon dioxide treatment. We believe that this study will provide useful guidance in the enhanced electrochemical properties and fabrication process of Li/CF x -MnO 2 primary batteries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2151-2043
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1149/MA2022-022155mtgabs
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2438749-6
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improved Electrochemical Performances of Li/CF x -MnO 2 Primary Batteries Via the Optimization of Electrolytes
    The Electrochemical Society ; 2022
    In:  ECS Meeting Abstracts Vol. MA2022-02, No. 2 ( 2022-10-09), p. 153-153
    Details
    In: ECS Meeting Abstracts, The Electrochemical Society, Vol. MA2022-02, No. 2 ( 2022-10-09), p. 153-153
    Abstract: The lithium(Li) primary batteries have been widely used in power sources for military applications. According to the military standards, the design temperatures for the basic climate category including the mid-altitude areas will include the ambient air temperature range of -32 o C through +60 o C, considering the operational, storage, and transit conditions of materiel systems. Among a variety of Li primary batteries, lithium/thionyl chloride (Li/SOCl 2 ) primary batteries have been commonly utilized in military applications due to their high energy density, high operating voltage, and competitive cost. However, Li/SOCl 2 batteries have serious challenges due to initial voltage delay by lithium chloride passivation layer and possible safety issues by a formation of toxic sulfur-dioxide (SO 2 ) gas and solid sulfur during discharge. To overcome the intrinsic disadvantages of Li/SOCl 2 batteries, research into lithium/carbon fluoride-manganese dioxide (Li/CFx-MnO 2 ) batteries has been ramped up for military applications due to their high energy density and good rate capability. In this study, we have focused on an optimization of solvents and Li salts to improve the electrochemical performances of Li/CFx-MnO 2 batteries in a wide operating temperature ranges. We have investigated candidate solvents for Li/CFx-MnO 2 batteries with different compositions of methyl butyrate (MB) and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) as well as conventional solvents including propylene carbonate (PC), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethyl acetate (EA), and 1,2-dioxolane (DOL). Moreover, we have investigated the effects of Li salts, lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), on the electrochemical performances in the low and high operating temperatures. Ionic conductivity measurements and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were also carried out to investigate the physical properties and stability of electrolyte. This study will provide an opportunity to develop the new electrolyte systems for Li/CFx-MnO 2 batteries in a wide operating temperature window.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2151-2043
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1149/MA2022-022153mtgabs
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2438749-6
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improved Electrochemical Properties of Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries Via the Optimization of Gel Polymer Electrolytes
    The Electrochemical Society ; 2023
    In:  ECS Meeting Abstracts Vol. MA2023-01, No. 2 ( 2023-08-28), p. 652-652
    Details
    In: ECS Meeting Abstracts, The Electrochemical Society, Vol. MA2023-01, No. 2 ( 2023-08-28), p. 652-652
    Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been developed for their high energy density and long cycle life in military systems. However, the use of non-aqueous electrolytes based on toxic and flammable organic solvents have raised serious safety concerns including fire and explosion in LIBs. Aqueous LIBs with non-flammable and environmental aqueous electrolytes are promising alternative to eliminate the safety issues. Because aqueous batteries use water as a solvent of electrolyte, they are stable with no flammable. However, the narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) of water in aqueous electrolytes limits operating voltage and energy density of aqueous batteries. Recently, ESW was expanded by applying a high concentration lithium salt electrolyte called “water-in-bisalt” (WIBS). A 4.0 V aqueous LIB was developed by passivating graphite anodes with hydrophobic LiTFSI-HFE gels, which effectively extended electrolyte stability [1]. In this study, we developed a 4.0 V aqueous LIBs using UV-cured gel polymer electrolytes. Highly concentrated UV-cured gel polymer electrolytes were coated to cathodes and UV-cured gel protection layers were applied to anode surfaces for improving stability. Also, gel polymer electrolytes were optimized with various lithium salts and additives. We also evaluated cycle performance and safety such as cutting, penetration test with LiMn 2 O 4 ∥graphite pouch type cells. There were no fires and explosions. References [1] Yang et al., Joule 1, 122-132, September 6, 2017
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2151-2043
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1149/MA2023-012652mtgabs
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: The Electrochemical Society
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2438749-6
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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