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  • Wardlaw, Christopher P.  (2)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ISG15: A link between innate immune signaling, DNA replication, and genome stability
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  BioEssays Vol. 45, No. 7 ( 2023-07)
    Details
    In: BioEssays, Wiley, Vol. 45, No. 7 ( 2023-07)
    Abstract: Interferon stimulated gene 15 ( ISG15 ) encodes a ubiquitin‐like protein that is highly induced upon activation of interferon signaling and cytoplasmic DNA sensing pathways. As part of the innate immune system ISG15 acts to inhibit viral replication and particle release via the covalent conjugation to both viral and host proteins. Unlike ubiquitin, unconjugated ISG15 also functions as an intracellular and extra‐cellular signaling molecule to modulate the immune response. Several recent studies have shown ISG15 to also function in a diverse array of cellular processes and pathways outside of the innate immune response. This review explores the role of ISG15 in maintaining genome stability, particularly during DNA replication, and how this relates to cancer biology. It puts forth the hypothesis that ISG15, along with DNA sensors, function within a DNA replication fork surveillance pathway to help maintain genome stability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0265-9247 , 1521-1878
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/bies.v45.7
    DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300042
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473795-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ISG15 conjugation to proteins on nascent DNA mitigates DNA replication stress
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-10-10)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-10-10)
    Abstract: The pathways involved in suppressing DNA replication stress and the associated DNA damage are critical to maintaining genome integrity. The Mre11 complex is unique among double strand break (DSB) repair proteins for its association with the DNA replication fork. Here we show that Mre11 complex inactivation causes DNA replication stress and changes in the abundance of proteins associated with nascent DNA. One of the most highly enriched proteins at the DNA replication fork upon Mre11 complex inactivation was the ubiquitin like protein ISG15. Mre11 complex deficiency and drug induced replication stress both led to the accumulation of cytoplasmic DNA and the subsequent activation of innate immune signaling via cGAS-STING-Tbk1. This led to ISG15 induction and protein ISGylation, including constituents of the replication fork. ISG15 plays a direct role in preventing replication stress. Deletion of ISG15 was associated with replication fork stalling, tonic ATR activation, genomic aberrations, and sensitivity to aphidicolin. These data reveal a previously unrecognized role for ISG15 in mitigating DNA replication stress and promoting genomic stability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33535-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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