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  • 1
    In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2022-09), p. 2065-2077
    Abstract: How forest ecosystems respond to climate warming will determine forest trajectories over the next 100 years. However, the potential effects of elevated temperature on forests remain unclear, primarily because of the absence of long‐term and large‐size field warming experiments in forests, especially in Asia. Here, we present the design and performance of an ecosystem‐scale warming experiment using infrared (IR) heater arrays in a 60‐year‐old temperate mixed forest at Qingyuan Forest CERN in northeastern China. In paired 108 m 2 plots ( n  = 3), the surface soils were constantly elevated 2°C above control plots with a feedback control system over 4 years (2018–2021). Subsoils down to 60 cm depth were warmed 1.2–2°C. Soil warming did not significantly affect soil moisture either in surface soils or in subsoils. Turn‐off time due to weather extremes (heavy rains, snow) and power outages only accounted for 2.5% of the total warming period. In conclusion, we provide a proof‐of‐principle setup that allows long‐term analysis of forest response to warming temperatures in large‐size field plots. Importantly, our warming experiment demonstrated the feasibility of IR heater arrays for soil warming in tall‐statured forest ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-210X , 2041-210X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2528492-7
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  • 2
    In: Cell Death Discovery, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2017-09-11)
    Abstract: Targeting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is being investigated for its anticancer effect in various cancers, including cervical cancer. However, the molecular pathways whereby ER stress mediates cell death remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we confirmed that ER stress triggered by compounds such as brefeldin A (BFA), tunicamycin (TM), and thapsigargin (TG) leads to the induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in cervical cancer cell lines, which is characterized by elevated levels of inositol-requiring kinase 1 α , glucose-regulated protein-78, and C/EBP homologous protein, and swelling of the ER observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). We found that BFA significantly increased autophagy in tumor cells and induced TC-1 tumor cell death in a dose-dependent manner. BFA increased punctate staining of LC3 and the number of autophagosomes observed by TEM in TC-1 and HeLa cells. The autophagic flux was also assessed. Bafilomycin, which blocked degradation of LC3 in lysosomes, caused both LC3I and LC3II accumulation. BFA initiated apoptosis of TC-1 tumor cells through activation of the caspase-12/caspase-3 pathway. At the same time, BFA enhanced the phosphorylation of I κ B α protein and translocation into the nucleus of NF- κ B p65. Quinazolinediamine, an NF- κ B inhibitor, attenuated both autophagy and apoptosis induced by BFA; meanwhile, it partly enhances survival of cervical cancer cells following BFA treatment. In conclusion, our results indicate that the cross-talk between ER stress, autophagy, apoptosis, and the NF- κ B pathways controls the fate of cervical cancer cells. Careful evaluation should be given to the addition of an NF- κ B pathway inhibitor to treat cervical cancer in combination with drugs that induce ER stress-mediated cell death.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2058-7716
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2842546-7
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  • 3
    In: Advanced Science, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 7 ( 2018-07)
    Abstract: Conversion efficiency and output power are crucial parameters for thermoelectric power generation that highly rely on figure of merit ZT and power factor (PF), respectively. Therefore, the synergistic optimization of electrical and thermal properties is imperative instead of optimizing just ZT by thermal conductivity reduction or just PF by electron transport enhancement. Here, it is demonstrated that Nb 0.95 Hf 0.05 FeSb has not only ultrahigh PF over ≈100 µW cm −1 K −2 at room temperature but also the highest ZT in a material system Nb 0.95 M 0.05 FeSb (M = Hf, Zr, Ti). It is found that Hf dopant is capable to simultaneously supply carriers for mobility optimization and introduce atomic disorder for reducing lattice thermal conductivity. As a result, Nb 0.95 Hf 0.05 FeSb distinguishes itself from other outstanding NbFeSb‐based materials in both the PF and ZT . Additionally, a large output power density of ≈21.6 W cm −2 is achieved based on a single‐leg device under a temperature difference of ≈560 K, showing the realistic prospect of the ultrahigh PF for power generation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2198-3844 , 2198-3844
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2808093-2
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  • 4
    In: Liver Cancer, S. Karger AG
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Primary liver cancer, of which around 75–85% is hepatocellular carcinoma in China, is the fourth most common malignancy and the second leading cause of tumor-related death, thereby posing a significant threat to the life and health of the Chinese people. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Summary: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Since the publication of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer in China in June 2017, which were updated by the National Health Commission in December 2019, additional high-quality evidence has emerged from researchers worldwide regarding the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of liver cancer, that requires the guidelines to be updated again. The new edition (2022 Edition) was written by more than 100 experts in the field of liver cancer in China, which not only reflects the real-world situation in China but also may reshape the nationwide diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Key Messages: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The new guideline aims to encourage the implementation of evidence-based practice and improve the national average 5-year survival rate for patients with liver cancer, as proposed in the “Health China 2030 Blueprint.”
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2235-1795 , 1664-5553
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2666925-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2022
    In:  Diseases of the Colon & Rectum Vol. 65, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. 382-389
    In: Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 65, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. 382-389
    Abstract: Endoscopy remains the gold standard for evaluating postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease. Timely therapy adjustment according to endoscopic findings can improve long-term outcomes. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the characteristics, clinical values, and safety of the endoscopic evaluation at 1 month after surgery. DESIGN: This was a prospective observational study. SETTINGS: This study was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital. PATIENTS: Patients with Crohn's disease undergoing ileocolic resection between January 2016 and November 2018 were included. INTERVENTIONS: The first postoperative ileocolonoscopy was performed at 4–5 weeks after surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was postoperative recurrence within 12 months after surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors. RESULTS: Among 84 ileocolonoscopies at 4–5 weeks, no endoscopic complication occurred. The main endoscopic findings at the first evaluation were anastomotic circumferential ulcers (10, 11.9%), anastomotic scattered ulcers (35, 41.7%), ulcers in the neoterminal ileum (16, 19.0%), edema in anastomosis (50, 59.5%), mild narrowing in anastomosis (7, 8.3%), and mild narrowing in neoterminal ileum (3, 3.6%). Anastomotic scattered ulcers were associated with future postoperative recurrence (OR, 2.532 (95% CI, 1.02–6.32), p = 0.046). Fecal calprotectin 〉 150 ug/g on postoperative day 14 could predict anastomotic scattered ulcers (OR‚ 2.91 (95% CI, 1.31–7.47), p = 0.027). The modified Rutgeerts score was used to define endoscopic findings: i0, 37 (44.0%); i1, 4 (4.8%); i2a, 29 (34.5%); i2b, 11 (13.1%); i3, 0; i4, 3 (3.6%). Score ≥i2a were associated with future postoperative recurrence (OR, 3.17 (95% CI, 1.22–8.27), p = 0.018). No factor was associated with a Rutgeerts score of ≥i2a at the first endoscopic evaluation. LIMITATIONS: This was a single-center study with a small cohort of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic evaluation at 1 month after surgery in CD was safe. Anastomotic scattered ulcers occurred in nearly half of patients and were associated with future postoperative recurrence. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B760. LA EVALUACIÓN ENDOSCÓPICA A UN MES DESPUÉS DE LA RESECCIÓN ILEOCÓLICA PARA LA ENFERMEDAD DE CROHN, PREDICE FUTURA RECURRENCIA POSOPERATORIA Y ES SEGURA ANTECEDENTES: La endoscopia sigue siendo el estándar de oro para evaluar la recurrencia posoperatoria en la enfermedad de Crohn (EC). El ajuste oportuno en la terapia de acuerdo con los hallazgos endoscópicos, puede mejorar los resultados a largo plazo. OBJETIVO: Determinar las características, valores clínicos y seguridad de la evaluación endoscópica, al mes de la cirugía. DISEÑO: Estudio observacional prospectivo. ENTORNO CLINICO: El estudio se llevó a cabo en un hospital de referencia terciario. PACIENTES: Se incluyeron pacientes con EC sometidos a resección ileocólica entre enero de 2016 y noviembre de 2018. INTERVENCIONES: La primera ileocolonoscopia posoperatoria se realizó a las 4–5 semanas posteriores a la cirugía. PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO: El resultado primario fue la recurrencia posoperatoria dentro de los 12 meses posteriores a la cirugía. Se realizaron análisis univariados y multivariados para identificar factores de riesgo. RESULTADOS: Entre 84 ileocolonoscopias a las 4-5 semanas, no ocurrió ninguna complicación endoscópica. Los principales hallazgos endoscópicos en la primera evaluación, fueron úlceras anastomóticas circunferenciales (10, 11,9%), úlceras anastomóticas dispersas (35, 41,7%), úlceras en el íleon neo-terminal (16, 19,0%), edema en la anastomosis (50, 59,5%), estrechamiento leve en la anastomosis (7, 8,3%) y estrechamiento leve en el íleon neo-terminal (3, 3,6%). Las úlceras anastomóticas dispersas se asociaron con recurrencia posoperatoria futura (OR, 2,532 (95% CI, 1,02–6,32), p = 0,046). La calprotectina fecal en el post d 14 〉 150 ug / g podría predecir úlceras anastomóticas dispersas (OR‚ 2,91 (95% CI, 1,31–7,47), p = 0,027). Se utilizó la puntuación de Rutgeerts modificada para definir los hallazgos endoscópicos: i0, 37 (44,0%); i1, 4 (4,8%); i2a, 29 (34,5%); i2b, 11 (13,1%); i3, 0; i4, 3 (3,6%). La puntuación ≥i2a se asoció con recurrencia posoperatoria futura (OR, 3,17 (95% CI, 1,22–8,27), p = 0,018). Ningún factor se asoció con ≥i2a en la primera endoscopia. LIMITACIONES: Estudio de un solo centro con una pequeña cohorte de pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: La evaluación endoscópica al mes de la cirugía en EC, fue segura. Se produjeron úlceras anastomóticas dispersas en casi la mitad de los pacientes y se asociaron con una futura recurrencia posoperatoria. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B760. ( Traducción - Dr. Fidel Ruiz Healy )
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-3706
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046914-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2017
    In:  Fusion Engineering and Design Vol. 125 ( 2017-12), p. 608-614
    In: Fusion Engineering and Design, Elsevier BV, Vol. 125 ( 2017-12), p. 608-614
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0920-3796
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1492280-0
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  • 7
    In: Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Vol. 7, No. 2 ( 2019), p. 434-440
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2050-7526 , 2050-7534
    Language: English
    Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2702245-6
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  • 8
    In: Liver Cancer, S. Karger AG, Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2020), p. 682-720
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Primary liver cancer, around 90% are hepatocellular carcinoma in China, is the fourth most common malignancy and the second leading cause of tumor-related death, thereby posing a significant threat to the life and health of the Chinese people. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Summary: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Since the publication of 〈 i 〉 Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer (2017 Edition) 〈 /i 〉 in 2018, additional high-quality evidence has emerged with relevance to the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of liver cancer in and outside China that requires the guidelines to be updated. The new edition 〈 i 〉 (2019 Edition) 〈 /i 〉 was written by more than 70 experts in the field of liver cancer in China. They reflect the real-world situation in China regarding diagnosing and treating liver cancer in recent years. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Key Messages: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Most importantly, the new guidelines were endorsed and promulgated by the Bureau of Medical Administration of the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China in December 2019.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2235-1795 , 1664-5553
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2666925-0
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2019-01-17)
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2019-01-17)
    Abstract: Discovery of thermoelectric materials has long been realized by the Edisonian trial and error approach. However, recent progress in theoretical calculations, including the ability to predict structures of unknown phases along with their thermodynamic stability and functional properties, has enabled the so-called inverse design approach. Compared to the traditional materials discovery, the inverse design approach has the potential to substantially reduce the experimental efforts needed to identify promising compounds with target functionalities. By adopting this approach, here we have discovered several unreported half-Heusler compounds. Among them, the p-type TaFeSb-based half-Heusler demonstrates a record high ZT of ~1.52 at 973 K. Additionally, an ultrahigh average ZT of ~0.93 between 300 and 973 K is achieved. Such an extraordinary thermoelectric performance is further verified by the heat-to-electricity conversion efficiency measurement and a high efficiency of ~11.4% is obtained. Our work demonstrates that the TaFeSb-based half-Heuslers are highly promising for thermoelectric power generation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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  • 10
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2018-06-27)
    Abstract: Thermoelectric materials are capable of converting waste heat into electricity. The dimensionless figure-of-merit (ZT), as the critical measure for the material’s thermoelectric performance, plays a decisive role in the energy conversion efficiency. Half-Heusler materials, as one of the most promising candidates for thermoelectric power generation, have relatively low ZTs compared to other material systems. Here we report the discovery of p -type ZrCoBi-based half-Heuslers with a record-high ZT of ∼1.42 at 973 K and a high thermoelectric conversion efficiency of ∼9% at the temperature difference of ∼500 K. Such an outstanding thermoelectric performance originates from its unique band structure offering a high band degeneracy ( N v ) of 10 in conjunction with a low thermal conductivity benefiting from the low mean sound velocity ( v m ∼2800 m s −1 ). Our work demonstrates that ZrCoBi-based half-Heuslers are promising candidates for high-temperature thermoelectric power generation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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