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  • MDPI AG  (10)
  • Wang, Yan  (10)
  • Zhang, Jing  (10)
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  • MDPI AG  (10)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chronic Breathlessness in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and the Use of Lymphocyte Parameters to Identify Overlap Syndrome among Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-01-25), p. 936-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-01-25), p. 936-
    Abstract: Little is known about the distribution of etiology in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) combined with chronic breathlessness. A significant portion of patients in this group have so-called “overlap syndrome (OVS)”, characterized by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OVS has more complications and a poorer prognosis compared to patients with either OSA or COPD alone, which makes it important to identify OVS early in OSA. The current study was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of consecutive adult patients who were diagnosed with OSA (n = 1062), of whom 275 were hospitalized due to chronic breathlessness. Respiratory and cardiac diseases accounted for the vast majority of causes, followed by gastrointestinal and renal disorders. The final study population comprised 115 patients with OSA alone (n = 64) and OVS (n = 51), who had chronic breathlessness as the primary complaint, not secondary as one of many other complaints. Lymphocytes, CD4 counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and PLR were differently expressed between the OSA-alone group and OVS group. The NLR, lymphocytes, and CD4 counts had a moderate diagnostic value for OVS in OSA patients, with AUCs of 0.708 (95% CI, 0.614–0.802), 0.719 (95% CI, 0.624–0.813), and 0.744 (95% CI, 0.653–0.834), respectively. The NLR had the highest AUC for predicting a 6-month re-admission of OVS, with a cut-off of 3.567 and a moderate prognostic value. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.8 and 0.732, respectively. In the animal model, the spleen hematoxylin- and eosin-stained, electron microscopy images showed germinal-center damage, chromatin activation, and mitochondrial swelling under the overlapping effect of intermittent hypoxia and cigarette smoke exposure. OSA with chronic breathlessness cannot be overstated. A significant proportion of patients with COPD in this group had poor lung function at initial diagnosis. The NLR is a useful biomarker to differentiate OVS among OSA patients combined with chronic breathlessness.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030936
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 2
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    Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Provide Insights into the Coloring Mechanism of Dark-red and Yellow Fruits in Chinese Cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G. Don]
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2023-02-09), p. 3471-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2023-02-09), p. 3471-
    Abstract: Chinese cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G. Don] is an important fruit tree from China that has excellent ornamental, economic, and nutritional values with various colors. The dark-red or red coloration of fruit, an attractive trait for consumers, is determined by anthocyanin pigmentation. In this study, the coloring patterns during fruit development in dark-red and yellow Chinese cherry fruits were firstly illustrated by integrated transcriptome and widely-targeted metabolome analyses. Anthocyanin accumulation in dark-red fruits was significantly higher compared with yellow fruits from the color conversion period, being positively correlated to the color ratio. Based on transcriptome analysis, eight structural genes (CpCHS, CpCHI, CpF3H, CpF3’H, CpDFR, CpANS, CpUFGT, and CpGST) were significantly upregulated in dark-red fruits from the color conversion period, especially CpANS, CpUFGT, and CpGST. On contrary, the expression level of CpLAR were considerably higher in yellow fruits than in dark-red fruits, especially at the early stage. Eight regulatory genes (CpMYB4, CpMYB10, CpMYB20, CpMYB306, bHLH1, CpNAC10, CpERF106, and CpbZIP4) were also identified as determinants of fruit color in Chinese cherry. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry identified 33 and 3 differential expressed metabolites related to anthocyanins and procyanidins between mature dark-red and yellow fruits. Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside was the predominant anthocyanin compound in both fruits, while it was 6.23-fold higher in dark-red than in yellow fruits. More accumulated flavanol and procyanidin contents resulted in less anthocyanin content in flavonoid pathway in yellow fruits due to the higher expression level of CpLAR. These findings can help understand the coloring mechanism of dark-red and yellow fruits in Chinese cherry, and provide genetic basis for breeding new cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043471
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Comparative Analysis of Transposable Elements and the Identification of Candidate Centromeric Elements in the Prunus Subgenus Cerasus and Its Relatives
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Genes Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2022-04-02), p. 641-
    Details
    In: Genes, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2022-04-02), p. 641-
    Abstract: The subgenus Cerasus and its relatives include many crucial economic drupe fruits and ornamental plants. Repetitive elements make up a large part of complex genomes, and some of them play an important role in gene regulation that can affect phenotypic variation. However, the variation in their genomes remains poorly understood. This work conducted a comprehensive repetitive sequence identification across the draft genomes of eight taxa of the genus Prunus, including four of the Prunus subgenus Cerasus (Prunus pseudocerasus, P. avium, P. yedoensis and P. × yedoensis) as well as congeneric species (Prunus salicina, P. armeniaca, P. dulcis and P. persica). Annotation results showed high proportions of transposable elements in their genomes, ranging from 52.28% (P. armeniaca) to 61.86% (P. pseudocerasus). The most notable differences in the contents of long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) and tandem repeats (TRs) were confirmed with de novo identification based on the structure of each genome, which significantly contributed to their genome size variation, especially in P. avium and P.salicina. Sequence comparisons showed many similar LTR-RTs closely related to their phylogenetic relationships, and a highly similar monomer unit of the TR sequence was conserved among species. Additionally, the predicted centromere-associated sequence was located in centromeric regions with FISH in the 12 taxa of Prunus. It presented significantly different signal intensities, even within the diverse interindividual phenotypes for Prunus tomentosa. This study provides insight into the LTR-RT and TR variation within Prunus and increases our knowledge about its role in genome evolution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/genes13040641
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527218-4
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Development and Cross-Species Transferability of Novel Genomic-SSR Markers and Their Utility in Hybrid Identification and Trait Association Analysis in Chinese Cherry
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Horticulturae Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2022-03-03), p. 222-
    Details
    In: Horticulturae, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2022-03-03), p. 222-
    Abstract: Chinese cherry (Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G.Don) is an economically important tetraploid fruiting cherry species native to China. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs)—due to their codominance, polymorphism, and stability—have been widely applied in genetic identification and trait-association analysis. In this study, using comparative genomics strategy and the data of one high-quality whole genome and seven preliminarily assembled genome sequences, we constructed a database containing 25,779 polymorphic SSR loci to efficiently develop novel markers. Sixty-four SSR loci covering eight linkage groups were selected to design primer pairs. Sixty (93.75%) primer pairs yielded specific bands and 32 (50.00%) exhibited moderate-to-high levels of informativeness (PIC ranging from 0.264 to 0.728) in 94 Chinese cherry accessions. A total of 38 primer pairs exhibited high transferability across 13 Cerasus taxa. The marker SAUCps203 was species-specific in C. pseudocerasus by checking with 114 accessions from Cerasus and 16 relatives, suggesting its potential application in accurate identification of Chinese cherry or its interspecific hybrid. Moreover, 1081 out of 1122 individuals from three cross F1 populations of Chinese cherry were identified as true hybrid offspring by using only five SSR markers. Trait association analysis suggested that 20 SSR loci were significantly associated with soluble solids and fruit size, with explained phenotypic variance ranging from 9.02% to 26.35%. This study will provide a basis for SSR-based germplasm identification and further marker-assisted selection (MAS) of Chinese cherry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2311-7524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030222
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813983-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Accurate Chromosome Identification in the Prunus Subgenus Cerasus (Prunus pseudocerasus) and its Relatives by Oligo-FISH
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 21 ( 2022-10-30), p. 13213-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 21 ( 2022-10-30), p. 13213-
    Abstract: A precise, rapid and straightforward approach to chromosome identification is fundamental for cytogenetics studies. However, the identification of individual chromosomes was not previously possible for Chinese cherry or other Prunus species due to the small size and similar morphology of their chromosomes. To address this issue, we designed a pool of oligonucleotides distributed across specific pseudochromosome regions of Chinese cherry. This oligonucleotide pool was amplified through multiplex PCR with specific internal primers to produce probes that could recognize specific chromosomes. External primers modified with red and green fluorescence tags could produce unique signal barcoding patterns to identify each chromosome concomitantly. The same oligonucleotide pool could also discriminate all chromosomes in other Prunus species. Additionally, the 5S/45S rDNA probes and the oligo pool were applied in two sequential rounds of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) localized to chromosomes and showed different distribution patterns among Prunus species. At the same time, comparative karyotype analysis revealed high conservation among P. pseudocerasus, P. avium, and P. persica. Together, these findings establish this oligonucleotide pool as the most effective tool for chromosome identification and the analysis of genome organization and evolution in the genus Prunus.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113213
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Autotetraploid Origin of Chinese Cherry Revealed by Chromosomal Karyotype and In Situ Hybridization of Seedling Progenies
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Plants Vol. 12, No. 17 ( 2023-08-30), p. 3116-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 17 ( 2023-08-30), p. 3116-
    Abstract: Polyploidy is considered a driving force in plant evolution and diversification. Chinese cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G.Don], an economically important fruit crop native to China, has evolved at the tetraploid level, with a few pentaploid and hexaploid populations. However, its auto- or allo-polyploid origin remains unclear. To address this issue, we analyzed the ploidy levels and rDNA chromosomal distribution in self- and open-pollinated seedling progenies of tetraploid and hexaploid Chinese cherry. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis was conducted to reveal the genomic relationships between Chinese cherry and diploid relatives from the genus Cerasus. Both self- and open-pollinated progenies of tetraploid Chinese cherry exhibited tetraploids, pentaploids, and hexaploids, with tetraploids being the most predominant. In the seedling progenies of hexaploid Chinese cherry, the majority of hexaploids and a few pentaploids were observed. A small number of aneuploids were also observed in the seedling progenies. Chromosome 1, characterized by distinct length characteristics, could be considered the representative chromosome of Chinese cherry. The basic Chinese cherry genome carried two 5S rDNA signals with similar intensity, and polyploids had the expected multiples of this copy number. The 5S rDNA sites were located at the per-centromeric regions of the short arm on chromosomes 4 and 5. Three 45S rDNA sites were detected on chr. 3, 4 and 7 in the haploid complement of Chinese cherry. Tetraploids exhibited 12 signals, while pentaploids and hexaploids showed fewer numbers than expected multiples. Based on the GISH signals, Chinese cherry demonstrated relatively close relationships with C. campanulata and C. conradinae, while being distantly related to another fruiting cherry, C. avium. In combination with the above results, our findings suggested that Chinese cherry likely originated from autotetraploidy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants12173116
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 7
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    Overexpression of Nicotianamine Synthase (AtNAS1) Increases Iron Accumulation in the Tuber of Potato
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Plants Vol. 11, No. 20 ( 2022-10-17), p. 2741-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 20 ( 2022-10-17), p. 2741-
    Abstract: Iron (Fe) deficiency is a global health problem, especially in underdeveloped countries. Biofortification with genetic engineering methods has been used to improve Fe nutrition in a number of crops. Various steps, e.g., uptake, distribution, and storage, involved in Fe homeostasis have been manipulated to increase the Fe concentration in the edible portions of plants. Nicotianamine (NA) is an important metal ion chelator in plants. It promotes the mobility of Fe and decreases cellular Fe toxicity. Increasing the Fe content in crops by promoting NA synthesis could help decrease human diseases associated with Fe deficiency. In the present study, Arabidopsis thaliana nicotianamine synthase 1 (AtNAS1) was overexpressed in potato (Solanum tuberosum, St) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Transgenic plants had a significantly increased amount of Fe in tubers (52.7 µg/g dry weight, 2.4-fold the amount in wild-type tubers), while no differences in plant phenotype or yield were detected between transgenic and wild-type plants. The expression of genes involved in root mineral uptake and homeostasis, such as StYSL1, StIRT1, StFRO1, and StNAS, was also altered in the roots and leaves of the transgenic plants. Our results demonstrate that the manipulation of Fe chelation is a useful strategy for Fe nutrition improvement, and the increased Fe accumulation in tubers of transgenic potato plants is most likely caused by the increased movement of Fe from the leaf to the tuber.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants11202741
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 8
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    Phylogeography of 912 Cherry Accessions Insight into Independent Origins of Fruiting Cherries and Domestication Footprints of Cultivated Chinese Cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl.)
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Plants Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2023-06-09), p. 2258-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 12 ( 2023-06-09), p. 2258-
    Abstract: The subgenus Cerasus (Rosaceae) contain numerous fruit trees and ornamentals with high economic values. The origin and genetic divergence among various types of fruiting cherries always remain a perplexing issue. We employed three plastom fragments and ITS sequence matrices derived from 912 cherry accessions to elucidate the phylogeographic structure and genetic relationship among fruiting cherries, as well as the origin and domestication of cultivated Chinese cherry. The integration of haplotype genealogies, Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) approach and estimation of genetic differentiation within and between different groups and lineages has facilitated the resolution of several previously unresolved questions. Firstly, distant phylogenetic relationships between Cerasus and Microcerasus accessions, as indicated by both nuclear and chloroplast data, suggested independent origins and evolution for these two taxa. Moreover, two distinct geographic origin centers (Europe and China) have been confirmed, with significant phylogeographic signals and high genetic differentiation observed between cherries from these regions. This may be attributed to long-term geographic isolation caused by Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains. Our phylogeographic analyses and ABC analysis suggested that cherries inhabiting in China may have undergone multiple hybridization events during the glacial refugia of the eastern edge and southern Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains, followed by rapid radiation throughout their current habitats during interglacial period. The discrepancy between nuclear and chloroplast data may be attributed to hybridization events and incomplete lineage sorting. Furthermore, we speculated that the domesticated Chinese cherries were derived from wild accessions in Longmenshan Fault Zones approximately 2600 years ago. We have also traced the domestication processes and dispersal routes of cultivated Chinese cherries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants12122258
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 9
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    Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Lymphocytes from Victims Exposed to Cobalt-60 Radiation
    MDPI AG ; 2013
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 14, No. 9 ( 2013-08-27), p. 17525-17535
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 9 ( 2013-08-27), p. 17525-17535
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms140917525
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Study on Analysis Method and Control Index for Deformation of Super-High Arch Dam Suffering Alkali-Aggregate Reaction
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Water Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2023-04-04), p. 1399-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2023-04-04), p. 1399-
    Abstract: Alkali-aggregate reaction can not only cause uneven expansion of concrete but also lead to cracking and even destruction and consequently affect the working behavior and long-term safety of hydraulic concrete structures. Present researches on alkali-aggregate reaction focus on improving the composition ratio of concrete materials through experimental study to inhibit the reaction, whereas there is a lack of quantitative calculation and analysis. In the present study, the problem of alkali-aggregate reaction in the super-high arch dam of Jinping I Hydropower Station was taken as an example. The expansion of concrete suffering the alkali-aggregate reaction was simulated by means of the overall temperature rise in the dam. Similarly, the yield zone, the expansion process, and the deformation change law with the development of concrete expansive deformation under various load combinations were analyzed by using the elastic–plastic finite element method. Finally, a control index of allowable alkali-aggregate expansion of dam concrete under various load combinations was put forward. The research results demonstrated that the control index was 400~800 με. Since the arch dam has a low safety reserve when operating at a low water level, the lowest reservoir level should be raised as much as possible in dam operation to reduce its drawdown rate, thus restraining the adverse impact of alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete on the dam.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w15071399
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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