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  • MDPI AG  (9)
  • Wang, Guangjun  (9)
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  • MDPI AG  (9)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Land Use Changes Influence the Soil Enzymatic Activity and Nutrient Status in the Polluted Taojia River Basin in Sub-Tropical China
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 21 ( 2022-10-27), p. 13999-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 21 ( 2022-10-27), p. 13999-
    Kurzfassung: Different land use practices may improve soil quality or lead to soil deterioration. Recently, environmental problems, such as heavy pollution and soil erosion, have led to serious land degradation in the Taojia River basin. In this study, we explored the soil fertility characteristics (mechanical composition; pH; soil organic matter (SOM); soil total nitrogen (TN); and the activity of four enzymes, i.e., urease, hydrogen peroxide, alkaline phosphatase, and sucrose enzymes) under different types of land use in the Taojia River basin. Soil samples were taken from 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–40 cm depths from four different land use types that were widely used in the Taojia river basin, including cultivated land, vegetable fields, woodlands, and wastelands. The results showed that the soil enzyme activity and the constituents of the soil were closely related and significantly affected each other (p 〈 0.05). Woodland soil exhibited the highest content of SOM in all soil depths. Soil total nitrogen mainly depended on the accumulation of biomass and the decomposition intensity of organic matter, so the changes in TN followed the trends of the changes in SOM. Woodland soil showed an improved mechanical composition. We were also able to observe an increased clay content in woodland soil. Woodland soil also exhibited the reversal of soil desertification and an increase in nutrient/water retention capacity. Therefore, an increase in woodland areas would be an appropriate goal in terms of land use in order to improve the eco-environmental quality of the Taojia River basin.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113999
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2175195-X
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Geographical Origin Traceability of Procambarus clarkii Based on Mineral Elements and Stable Isotopes
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Foods Vol. 11, No. 19 ( 2022-10-01), p. 3060-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 19 ( 2022-10-01), p. 3060-
    Kurzfassung: We explore the prospect of applying mineral element and stable isotope data in origin tracing Procambarus clarkii to establish an origin tracing system. Microwave digestion–atomic absorption spectrometry and stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry determined the contents of 14 mineral elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Mn, Zn, Cu, Fe, Sr, Ba, As, Se and Cd) and the abundances of C and N stable isotopes in the muscle tissue of P. clarkii from Guangdong, Hunan and Hubei regions. The one-way ANOVA and Duncan multiple comparison results revealed Na, Sr, Ba, Cu, Mn, Fe, Al, Se, δ13C and δ15N varied significantly between the three regions (p 〈 0.05). A systematic clustering analysis revealed the stable isotopes combined with the mineral elements easily distinguished samples into the three different regions. Multivariate statistical analysis allowed us to establish a discriminant model for distinguishing P. clarkii from the three geographical regions. When stable isotopes were combined with mineral elements, the accuracy of the linear discriminant analysis of the samples from Guangdong, Hunan and Hubei were 95%, 95% and 100%, respectively. The initial overall discriminant accuracy was 96.7%, and the cross-validation discriminant accuracy was 93.3%. Principal component analysis identified three main components which were based on eleven major factors, including Cu, Ba, Cd, Mn, δ13C, δ15N, Al and Mg, resulting in a cumulative variance contribution rate of 78.77%. We established a three-dimensional coordinate system using the three principal components to create scatter diagrams with the samples from the three regions in the coordinate system. The results revealed the samples clearly differentiated into the three regions. Therefore, mineral elements combined with stable isotopes can distinguish the regional origin of P. clarkii.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods11193060
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2704223-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Evaluating the Effects and Mechanisms of the Eco–Substrate in Aquaculture Environment Restoration from an Ecosystem Perspective via the Ecopath Model
    MDPI AG ; 2024
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2024-04-02), p. 2955-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 7 ( 2024-04-02), p. 2955-
    Kurzfassung: Aquaculture supplies high-quality and healthy proteins. With the increasing human demand for aquaculture production, intensive pond aquaculture developed rapidly and results in environmental deterioration. To solve this problem, the eco-substrate (ES), which is the biofilm carrier, has been utilized in aquaculture ponds. Studying the ecological mechanisms of ES from the perspective of the ecosystem may be conducive to the sustainable development of aquaculture. In this study, it was evaluated how ES makes a difference to the trophic structure, energy flow, and system characteristics of two different aquaculture pond ecosystems via the ecopath model. Three aquaculture ponds with ES were designed as the treatment ecosystem and three aquaculture ponds without ES were designed as the control ecosystem. There were 13 and 14 functional groups in the control and treatment ecosystems, respectively. The results showed that (1) the macrozooplankton and microzooplankton showed strong effects on the ecosystem in the keystoneness index; (2) energy transfer pathways in the treatment system with ES increased by 26.23% compared to the control system; (3) the ES improved the utilization rate of detritus, which was 14.91% higher than that of the control ecosystem; (4) the material and energy flow index and network information characteristics demonstrated the ES enhanced the complexity and stability of the treatment system. To improve the energy utilization efficiency, filter feeders can be introduced to ES ponds. Overall, the ES can alter the trophic structure, improve the energy utilization efficiency, and enhance the stability and maturity of aquaculture ecosystems, representing a sustainable practice. Considering the total area of aquaculture ponds on the earth reaching more than 5 million hectares, the application prospect of ES is broad.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su16072955
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2024
    ZDB Id: 2518383-7
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Prostaglandin 2α Promotes Autophagy and Mitochondrial Energy Production in Fish Hepatocytes
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cells Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2022-06-09), p. 1870-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2022-06-09), p. 1870-
    Kurzfassung: Fatty liver, characterized by excessive lipid droplet (LD) accumulation in hepatocytes, is a common physiological condition in humans and aquaculture species. Lipid mobilization is an important strategy for modulating the number and size of cellular LDs. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-mediated arachidonic acid derivatives are known to improve lipid catabolism in fish; however, the specific derivatives remain unknown. In the present study, we showed that serum starvation induced LD degradation via autophagy, lipolysis, and mitochondrial energy production in zebrafish hepatocytes, accompanied by activation of the COX pathway. The cellular concentration of PGF2α, but not other prostaglandins, was significantly increased. Administration of a COX inhibitor or interference with PGF2α synthase abolished serum deprivation-induced LD suppression, LD–lysosome colocalization, and expression of autophagic genes. Additionally, exogenous PGF2α suppressed the accumulation of LDs, promoted the accumulation of lysosomes with LD and the autophagy marker protein LC3A/B, and augmented the expression of autophagic genes. Moreover, PGF2α enhanced mitochondrial accumulation and ATP production, and increased the transcript levels of β-oxidation- and mitochondrial respiratory chain-related genes. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the COX pathway is implicated in lipid degradation induced by energy deprivation, and that PGF2α is a key molecule triggering autophagy, lipolysis, and mitochondrial development in zebrafish hepatocytes.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells11121870
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2661518-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Effect of the Aerobic Denitrifying Bacterium Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1 on Microbiota Compositions in Grass Carp Culture Water
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Water Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-05-11), p. 1329-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2021-05-11), p. 1329-
    Kurzfassung: Background: Although functional bacteria are widely used in aquaculture water treatment, whether they affect the indigenous microbiota and whether the impact is persistent remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the denitrification effect of Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1 isolated from a grass carp culture pond in nitrogen-rich aquaculture water, and determine whether its effect on the microbiota structure of the aquaculture water was persistent. Methods: Three each of treatment and control groups were set up, and P. furukawaii ZS1 was added to the treatment group. The concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and nitrate, and the pH of each sample were measured for eight consecutive days. Changes of microbiota composition in the water were analysed via high-throughput sequencing. Results: Ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate concentrations were substantially lower in the treatment group than in the control group. There were significant differences in the microbiota structure between treatment and control groups, especially on days 2–7 after adding P. furukawaii ZS1. Furthermore, significantly enriched bacterial genera in the treatment group were initially higher in number than inhibited genera, but subsequently reverted to being lower in number. Conclusions: These results provide theoretical guidance for the effective use of P. furukawaii ZS1 to control aquaculture water.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w13101329
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 2521238-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Vegetation Types Variations to the South of Ngoring Lake from 2013 to 2020, Analyzed by Hyperspectral Imaging
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 15, No. 12 ( 2023-06-18), p. 3174-
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 12 ( 2023-06-18), p. 3174-
    Kurzfassung: Studying the variation in vegetation types within the source region of the Yellow River (SRYR) is of great significance for understanding the response of vegetation to climate change and human activities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) permafrost. In order to understand the characteristics of the variation in vegetation associations in the SRYR under the influence of climate and human activities, two hyperspectral remote sensing images from HJ-1A in 2013 and OHS-3C in 2020 were used to extract the vegetation types located in the area south of Ngoring Lake, covering 437.11 km2 in Maduo County, from the perspective of vegetation associations. Here, the hybrid spectral CNN (HybridSN) model, which is dependent on both spatial and spectral information, was used for vegetation association classifications. On this basis, the variations in vegetation associations from 2013 to 2020 were studied using the transition matrix, and the variation in noxious weeds across different altitude and slope gradients was analyzed. As an example, Thermopsis lanceolata’s spatial distribution pattern and diffusion mechanism were analyzed. The results showed that (1) in addition to noxious weeds, herbage such as Poa poophagorum, Stipa purpurea, Kobresia humilis, and Carex moorcroftii increased, indicating that the overall ecological environment tended to improve, which may be attributed mainly to the development of a warm and humid climate. (2) Most of the noxious weeds were located at low altitudes with an area increase in the 4250–4400 m altitude range and a decrease in the 4400–4500 m altitude range. More attention should be given to the fact that the noxious weeds area increased from 2.88 km2 to 9.02 km2 between 2013 and 2020, which was much faster than that of herbage and may threaten local livestock development. (3) The Thermopsis lanceolate association characterized by an aggregated distribution tended to spread along roads, herdsmen sites, and degraded swamps, which were mainly affected by human activities and swamp degradation.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/rs15123174
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2513863-7
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Hif1α/Dhrs3a Pathway Participates in Lipid Droplet Accumulation via Retinol and Ppar-γ in Fish Hepatocytes
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 12 ( 2023-06-16), p. 10236-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 12 ( 2023-06-16), p. 10236-
    Kurzfassung: Excessive hepatic lipid accumulation is a common phenomenon in cultured fish; however, its underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Lipid droplet (LD)-related proteins play vital roles in LD accumulation. Herein, using a zebrafish liver cell line (ZFL), we show that LD accumulation is accompanied by differential expression of seven LD-annotated genes, among which the expression of dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 3 a/b (dhrs3a/b) increased synchronously. RNAi-mediated knockdown of dhrs3a delayed LD accumulation and downregulated the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (pparg) in cells incubated with fatty acids. Notably, Dhrs3 catalyzed retinene to retinol, the content of which increased in LD-enriched cells. The addition of exogenous retinyl acetate maintained LD accumulation only in cells incubated in a lipid-rich medium. Correspondingly, exogenous retinyl acetate significantly increased pparg mRNA expression levels and altered the lipidome of the cells by increasing the phosphatidylcholine and triacylglycerol contents and decreasing the cardiolipin, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine contents. Administration of LW6, an hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) inhibitor, reduced the size and number of LDs in ZFL cells and attenuated hif1αa, hif1αb, dhrs3a, and pparg mRNA expression levels. We propose that the Hif-1α/Dhrs3a pathway participates in LD accumulation in hepatocytes, which induces retinol formation and the Ppar-γ pathway.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210236
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Value-Added Carp Products: Multi-Class Evaluation of Crisp Grass Carp by Machine Learning-Based Analysis of Blood Indexes
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Foods Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2020-11-06), p. 1615-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2020-11-06), p. 1615-
    Kurzfassung: Crisp grass carp products from China are becoming more prevalent in the worldwide fish market because muscle hardness is the primary desirable characteristic for consumer satisfaction of fish fillet products. Unfortunately, current instrumental methods to evaluate muscle hardness are expensive, time-consuming, and wasteful. This study sought to develop classification models for differentiating the muscle hardness of crisp grass carp on the basis of blood analysis. Out of the total 264 grass carp samples, 12 outliers from crisp grass carp group were removed based on muscle hardness ( 〈 9 N), and the remaining 252 samples were used for the analysis of seven blood indexes including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH/GSSH), red blood cells (RBC), platelet count (PLT), and lymphocytes (LY). Furthermore, six machine learning models were applied to predict the muscle hardness of grass carp based on the training (152) and testing (100) datasets obtained from the blood analysis: random forest (RF), naïve Bayes (NB), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), support vector machine (SVM), partial least squares regression (PLSR), and artificial neural network (ANN). The RF model exhibited the best prediction performance with a classification accuracy of 100%, specificity of 93.08%, and sensitivity of 100% for discriminating crisp grass carp muscle hardness, followed by the NB model (93.75% accuracy, 91.83% specificity, and 94% sensitivity), whereas the ANN model had the lowest prediction performance (85.42% accuracy, 81.05% specificity, and 85% sensitivity). These machine learning methods provided objective, cheap, fast, and reliable classification for in vivo crisp grass carp and also prove useful for muscle quality evaluation of other freshwater fish.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods9111615
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2020
    ZDB Id: 2704223-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Key Factors Affecting the Flesh Flavor Quality and the Nutritional Value of Grass Carp in Four Culture Modes
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Foods Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2021-09-02), p. 2075-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2021-09-02), p. 2075-
    Kurzfassung: Flavor and nutritional value are important qualities of freshwater fish products, but the key factors affecting these quality parameters remain unclear. In this study, four typical aquaculture modes, including the commercial feed treatment (control), faba bean treatment (FBT), grass powder treatment (GPT), and waving water treatment with commercial feed (WWT), were used to explore the regulatory effect of water quality and feed (eaten and uneaten) on the flesh flavor and nutrition in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), a freshwater fish of the largest global production. During the culture period (90 days), water quality parameters of the four modes were measured every 15 days, and the flavor quality was evaluated by volatile flavor compounds detection and electronic nose analyzer. Flesh crude protein, crude fat, free fatty acid and free amino acid profiles were also determined. The results showed that, in the late period, the FBT mode had the poorest water quality with highest concentrations of nitrite and nitrate, while the GPT mode has the best water quality among the four modes. Most flesh flavor compounds found in the flesh of the control, GPT and WWT modes were pleasant. In the FBT mode with the poorest water quality, on the other hand, we found lower flavor quality (higher contribution of fishy compounds), higher water content, and lower contents of crude protein, crude fat, free fatty acids and free amino acids, compared to the other three modes. Correlation analyses showed that nitrite and nitrate are probably key water quality factors affecting the flavor quality and nutritional values besides eaten feed and uneaten feed factors. This study can serve as an important reference for ecological regulation and feeding administration of flesh quality in freshwater aquaculture fish.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods10092075
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: MDPI AG
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 2704223-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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