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  • Optica Publishing Group  (5)
  • Wang, Fu  (5)
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  • Optica Publishing Group  (5)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data rate measurement method with selectable range in linear optical sampling
    Optica Publishing Group ; 2023
    In:  Optics Express Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2023-03-13), p. 9362-
    Details
    In: Optics Express, Optica Publishing Group, Vol. 31, No. 6 ( 2023-03-13), p. 9362-
    Abstract: Linear optical sampling (LOS) is one of the most powerful techniques for high-speed signal monitoring. To measure the data-rate of signal under test (SUT) in optical sampling, multi-frequency sampling (MFS) was proposed. However, the measurable data-rate range of the existing method based on MFS is limited, which makes it very difficult to measure the data-rate of high-speed signals. To solve the above problem, a range selectable data-rate measurement method based on MFS in LOS is proposed in this paper. Through this method, the measurable data-rate range can be selected to match the data-rate range of SUT and the data-rate of SUT can be measured precisely, independently of the modulation format. What’s more, the sampling order can be judged using the discriminant in the proposed method, which is key for plotting eye diagrams with correct time information. We experimentally measure the baud-rates of PDM-QPSK signal from 800 MBaud to 40.8 GBaud in different ranges and judge the sampling orders. The relative error of measured baud-rate is less than 0.17% while the error vector magnitude (EVM) is less than 0.38. Compared with the existing method, under the same sampling cost, our proposed method realizes the selectivity of the measurable data-rate range and the judgment of sampling order, greatly extends the measurable data-rate range of SUT. Hence, the data-rate measurement method with selectable range has great potential for high-speed signal data-rate monitoring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1094-4087
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1364/OE.484562
    Language: English
    Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491859-6
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Probabilistic shaping and forward error correction scheme employing uneven segmentation mapping for data center optical communication
    Optica Publishing Group ; 2021
    In:  Optics Express Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2021-02-15), p. 6209-
    Details
    In: Optics Express, Optica Publishing Group, Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2021-02-15), p. 6209-
    Abstract: The combination of probabilistic shaping (PS) technology and forward error correction (FEC) technology can significantly boost the performance of a transmission system. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic shaping distribution matching algorithm employing uneven segmentation for data center optical networks, while keeping extremely low computational complexity for both encoding and decoding. Based on the proposed probabilistic shaping distribution matching algorithm, we develop a novel integrated scheme of PS and FEC coding that lifts the restrictions on the use of FEC technology and increases the use of interleaver. An experiment used to evaluate the probabilistically shaped data transmission is successfully conducted over a 25 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) with 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM). Simultaneously, we use a simulation software to analyze the bit error rate performance at higher resolution. The results show that the joint coding scheme can achieve a 0.4dB performance improvement compared with the single FEC system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1094-4087
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1364/OE.416175
    Language: English
    Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hidden conditional random field-based equalizer for the 3D-CAP-64 transmission of OAM mode-division multiplexed ring-core fiber communication
    Optica Publishing Group ; 2023
    In:  Optics Express Vol. 31, No. 18 ( 2023-08-28), p. 28747-
    Details
    In: Optics Express, Optica Publishing Group, Vol. 31, No. 18 ( 2023-08-28), p. 28747-
    Abstract: As a key technique for achieving ultra-high capacity optical fiber communications, orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is affected by severe nonlinear impairments, including modulation related nonlinearities, square-law nonlinearity and mode-coupling-induced nonlinearity. In this paper, an equalizer based on a hidden conditional random field (HCRF) is proposed for the nonlinear mitigation of OAM-MDM optical fiber communication systems with 20 GBaud three-dimensional carrierless amplitude and phase modulation-64 (3D-CAP-64) signals. The HCRF equalizer extracts the stochastic nonlinear feature of the OAM-MDM 3D-CAP-64 signals by estimating the conditional probabilities of the hidden variables, thereby enabling the signals to be classified into subclasses of constellation points. The nonlinear impairment can then be mitigated based on the statistical probability distribution of the hidden variables of the OAM-MDM transmission channel in the HCRF equalizer. Our experimental results show that compared with a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based equalizer, the proposed HCRF equalizer improves the receiver sensitivity by 2 dB and 1 dB for the two OAM modes used here, with l  =  + 2 and l  =  + 3, respectively, at the 7% forward error correction (FEC) threshold. When compared with a Volterra nonlinear equalizer (VNE) and CNN-based equalizer, the computational complexity of the proposed HCRF equalizer was found to be reduced by 30% and 41%, respectively. The bit error ratio (BER) performance and reduction in computational complexity indicate that the proposed HCRF equalizer has great potential to mitigate nonlinear distortions in high-speed OAM-MDM fiber communication systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1094-4087
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1364/OE.495146
    Language: English
    Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491859-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Probabilistic neural network equalizer for nonlinear mitigation in OAM mode division multiplexed optical fiber communication
    Optica Publishing Group ; 2022
    In:  Optics Express Vol. 30, No. 26 ( 2022-12-19), p. 47957-
    Details
    In: Optics Express, Optica Publishing Group, Vol. 30, No. 26 ( 2022-12-19), p. 47957-
    Abstract: Orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is a key technique to achieve ultra-high-capacity optical fiber communications. However, the high nonlinear impairment from optoelectronic devices, such as spatial light modulators, modulators, and photodiodes, is a long-standing challenge for OAM-MDM. In this paper, an equalizer based on a probabilistic neural network (PNN) is presented to mitigate the nonlinear impairment for an OAM-MDM fiber communication system with 32 GBaud Nyquist pulse amplitude modulation-8 (PAM8) intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM-DD) signals. PNN equalizer can calculate the distribution of the nonlinearity using Bayesian decision theory and thus mitigate the stochastic nonlinear impairment of the received signal. Experimental results show that compared with the convolutional neural network (CNN) equalizer, the PNN equalizer improves the receiver sensitivity by 0.6dB and 2dB for two OAM modes with l  = + 3 and l  = + 4 at the 20% FEC limit, respectively. Moreover, compared with Volterra or CNN equalizers, the PNN equalizer can reduce the computation complexity significantly, which has great potential to mitigate the nonlinear signal distortions in high-speed IM-DD OAM-MDM fiber communication systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1094-4087
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1364/OE.456908
    Language: English
    Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491859-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    400 Gbit/s 4 mode transmission for IM/DD OAM mode division multiplexing optical fiber communication with a few-shot learning-based AffinityNet nonlinear equalizer
    Optica Publishing Group ; 2023
    In:  Optics Express Vol. 31, No. 14 ( 2023-07-03), p. 22622-
    Details
    In: Optics Express, Optica Publishing Group, Vol. 31, No. 14 ( 2023-07-03), p. 22622-
    Abstract: Nonlinear impairment in a high-speed orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) optical fiber communication system presents high complexity and strong stochasticity due to the massive optoelectronic devices. In this paper, we propose an Affinity Network (AffinityNet) nonlinear equalizer for an OAM-MDM intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM/DD) transmission with four OAM modes. The labeled training and testing signals from the OAM-MDM system can be regarded as “small sample” and “large target”, respectively. AffinityNet can be used to build an accurate nonlinear model using “small sample” based on few-shot learning and can predict the stochastic characteristic nonlinearity of OAM-MDM with a high level of generalization. As a result, the AffinityNet nonlinear equalizer can effectively compensate the stochastic nonlinearity in the OAM-MDM system, despite the large difference between the training and testing signals due to the stochastic nonlinear impairment. An experiment was conducted on a 400 Gbit/s transmission with four OAM modes using a pulse amplitude modulation-8 (PAM-8) signal over a 2 km ring-core fiber (RCF). Our experimental results show that the proposed nonlinear equalizer outperformed the conventional Volterra equalizer with improvements in receiver sensitivity of 1.7, 1.8, 3, and 3.3 dB for the four OAM modes at the 15% forward error correction (FEC) threshold, respectively. In addition, the proposed equalizer outperformed a convolutional neural network (CNN) equalizer with improvements in receiver sensitivity of 0.8, 0.5, 0.9, and 1.4 dB for the four OAM modes at the 15% FEC threshold. In the experiment, a complexity reduction of 37% and 83% of the AffinityNet equalizer is taken compared to the conventional Volterra equalizer and CNN equalizer, respectively. The proposed equalizer is a promising candidate for a high-speed OAM-MDM optical fiber communication system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1094-4087
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1364/OE.492795
    Language: English
    Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491859-6
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