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  • MDPI AG  (4)
  • Wang, Deli  (4)
  • Zhang, Gang  (4)
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  • MDPI AG  (4)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characteristics and Risk Assessments of Mercury Pollution Levels at Domestic Garbage Collection Points Distributed within the Main Urban Areas of Changchun City
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Toxics Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2021-11-16), p. 309-
    Details
    In: Toxics, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2021-11-16), p. 309-
    Abstract: The mercury that is released from the centralized treatment of municipal solid waste is an important source of atmospheric mercury. We chose the main urban area of Changchun as a representative area. Environmental factors such as total mercury content, temperature, wind speed, and other factors were measured in samples from the trash cans of two types of collection points (trash cans and garbage stations), the topsoil under the selected trash cans, and the ambient air above the selected trash cans. The potential ecological risks of mercury pollution were evaluated. The results showed that the mercury content levels of all sample types in the refuse transfer station were higher than the garbage cans and there were no significant differences observed between soil surface mercury and garbage cans. The mercury content levels in the atmosphere and the surface soil at the garbage collection points were found to increase along the cascade relationship of the garbage collection. However, there were no correlations observed between the atmospheric mercury content levels and the surface soil mercury content levels with the attachments and the sum of the former two. There were no correlations observed between surface soil and the attachments, or among the attachments, surface soil, and the atmospheric mercury content levels. The mercury content levels in the attachments, surface soil, and atmosphere of the garbage collection points in the study area were negatively correlated with the loop lines. Meanwhile, the potential ecological risk indexes of the garbage cans and garbage stations were found to be high. The chronic non-carcinogenic risks of mercury to children and adults were determined to be very low. The risks of mercury to children were higher when compared with adults. The highest non-carcinogenic risks of mercury pollution were determined to be within the central area of Changchun.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2305-6304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110309
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2733883-6
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gaseous Elemental Mercury Exchange Fluxes over Air-Soil Interfaces in the Degraded Grasslands of Northeastern China
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Biology Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2021-09-15), p. 917-
    Details
    In: Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2021-09-15), p. 917-
    Abstract: Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant that may potentially have serious impacts on human health and ecologies. The gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) exchanges between terrestrial surfaces and the atmosphere play important roles in the global Hg cycle. This study investigated GEM exchange fluxes over two land cover types (including Artemisia anethifolia coverage and removal and bare soil) using a dynamic flux chamber attached to the LumexR RA915+ Hg analyzer during the growing season from May to September of 2018, in which the interactive effects of plant coverage and meteorological conditions were highlighted. The daily mean ambient levels of GEM and the total mercury concentrations of the soil (TSM) were determined to be 12.4 ± 3.6 to 16.4 ± 5.6 ng·m−3 and 32.8 to 36.2 ng·g−1, respectively, for all the measurements from May to September. The GEM exchange fluxes (ng·m−2·h−1) during the five-month period for the three treatments included the net emissions from the soil to the atmosphere (mean 5.4 to 7.1; range of −27.0 to 47.3), which varied diurnally, with releases occurring during the daytime hours and depositions occurring during the nighttime hours. Significant differences were observed in the fluxes between the vegetation coverage and removal during the growing months (p 〈 0.05). In addition, it was determined that the Hg fluxes were positively correlated with the solar radiation and air/soil temperature levels and negatively correlated with the air relative humidity and soil moisture under all the conditions (p 〈 0.05). Overall, the results obtained in this study demonstrated that the grassland soil served as both a source and a sink for atmospheric Hg, depending on the season and meteorological factors. Furthermore, the plants played an important inhibiting role in the Hg exchanges between the soil and the atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-7737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biology10090917
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661517-4
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characteristics of Mercury Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment in Different Degraded Grasslands of the Songnen Plains, Northeastern China
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2021-09-30), p. 10898-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2021-09-30), p. 10898-
    Abstract: Mercury (Hg) is a global and widely distributed heavy metal pollutant. Mercury can affect human health as well as the health of ecosystems and poses ecological risks. The subjects of this study are three types of grassland in the Beidianzi region, Songnen Plains, Northeastern China, characterized by different degrees of degradation. The mercury content levels in the atmosphere, soil, and forage grass on the different grasslands were determined. In addition, the relationships between the mercury pollution levels in the atmosphere and soil, and the mercury distribution correlations between the soil and plants, were examined in detail. The potential risk index (RI), single factor index (PI), and ground accumulation index (Igeo) were used to evaluate the ecological risks. The results showed that the mercury content in the soils of three types of grassland exceeded the China national standard (GB36600-2018), and the soil mercury content in the moderately degraded grassland was the highest. The single factor index method and land accumulation index method showed that the three types of grassland were slightly polluted, while the potential risk index showed that the three types of grassland were severely polluted, and the potential risk index of the moderately degraded grassland was the highest. The potential risk index decreased with the increase of soil depth. The variation trend of atmospheric mercury content was lower in the morning and evening and higher in the afternoon. The potential risk index of atmospheric mercury indicated that all types of grassland were at severe risk. There was a significant positive correlation between atmospheric mercury and soil mercury. The mercury content in herbage increased with the increase of degradation. The BP neural network prediction model constructed had good accuracy and had certain reference value.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su131910898
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Characteristics of Mercury Flux at the Interfaces between Two Typical Plants and the Air in Leymus chinensis Grasslands
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 19 ( 2021-09-26), p. 10115-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 19 ( 2021-09-26), p. 10115-
    Abstract: Mercury is a global pollutant. The mercury exchanges between vegetation and the atmosphere are important for the global mercury cycle. Grassland ecosystems occupy more than 25% of the global land area and have different succession processes and ecological functions. The current research regarding mercury exchanges between forests and the atmosphere have attracted much attention, but the research regarding grasslands tends to be rare. To reveal the characteristics of mercury exchanges in grasslands, this study conducted field in-situ monitoring experiments in a Leymus meadow grassland regions of the Songnen Plains in northeastern China. The exchange flux values of the GEM (gaseous element mercury) between the plants and the atmosphere were measured using a dynamic flux bag method (DFB). The experiments were conducted for the purpose of assessing the mercury flux levels between the vegetation and the atmosphere in a typical Leymus chinensis meadow. The goal was to further the understanding of the change characteristics and influential factors and to describe the source and sink actions and dynamics between the grassland vegetation and the atmosphere. The diurnal variation characteristics were as follows: High during the day and low at night, with peaks generally appearing at noon. The growing period was characterized by absorption peaks of atmospheric mercury by the plants. The breeding period was characterized by the peak release of atmospheric mercury by the plants. The change characteristics were as follows: During the growing period, the duration of the plants in a mercury absorption state exceeded 96.5%, which was represented as the net sink of the atmospheric mercury. During the breeding period, the time of mercury release ranged between 46.4% and 66.8%, making the breeding period the net source of atmospheric mercury. The results of this study’s analysis indicated that each environmental factor was correlated with the mercury flux, and the environmental factors had different effects on the mercury flux during the different stages of plant growth. The atmospheric mercury concentration levels were the main factor during the growing period. Atmospheric humidity was the main factor during the breeding period. Solar radiation was the decisive factor during the entire experimental period.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910115
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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