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  • 1
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 15, No. 7S_Part_13 ( 2019-07)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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  • 2
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 7S_Part_18 ( 2017-07)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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  • 3
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. S6 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Early‐onset Mild Cognitive Impairment (eoMCI) is defined as difficulties in cognition that are worse than in normal ageing for individuals below the age of 65. Some will go on to develop dementia, but there is currently limited research on which risk factors make someone more vulnerable to conversion. The present study aimed to examine whether sociodemographic and clinical factors at the initial presentation predict dementia progression in a cohort of eoMCI patients attending a memory service, at a university teaching hospital in the United Kingdom. Methods A retrospective case note study utilising a database of individuals diagnosed with eoMCI between 2000‐2010 at a Younger Person’s Memory Service (YPMS) in Leicestershire, England. Data collected at assessment included social factors, demographic characteristics, medical and psychiatric history, as well as standardised cognitive assessment scores. Results Out of 531 subjects who attended YPMS between Jan 2000 to Dec 2010, 65 patients were diagnosed with eoMCI (47.7% female; age 56.4 years ±7.54). Of these, 21 individuals (32.3.%) converted to dementia during their course within the service. The mean period of conversion was 30.40 months (±23.08). A comparison between the subgroups revealed a significant association between dementia conversion and higher years of education, lower MMSE and CAMCOG (total and subscores) scores. A subsequent survival analysis found that higher education, lower CAMCOG score, impaired memory (remote, recent, learning) and impaired executive functions, at initial assessment were significant predictors for converting to dementia. Conclusion Higher education, impaired memory and impaired executive functions at initial assessment are associated with a progression to a dementia diagnosis. The present naturalistic study identifies potential characteristics that predict the likelihood of an individual with eoMCI converting to any type of dementia. This has vital clinical implications and additional research is needed to explore these risk factors further.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the American Medical Directors Association Vol. 21, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. 1735-1739
    In: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, Elsevier BV, Vol. 21, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. 1735-1739
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-8610
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S. Karger AG ; 2021
    In:  Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Vol. 50, No. 6 ( 2021), p. 548-553
    In: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, S. Karger AG, Vol. 50, No. 6 ( 2021), p. 548-553
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Introduction: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 There is little research on factors predicting conversion to dementia in early-onset mild cognitive impairment (eoMCI), a transitional stage between healthy ageing and dementia in individuals below the age of 65. We aimed to examine whether sociodemographic and clinical factors at initial presentation predicted dementia progression in a cohort of eoMCI patients attending a memory service, at a university teaching hospital in the UK. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 This is a retrospective case note study of individuals diagnosed with eoMCI between 2000 and 2013 at the Younger Person’s Memory Service (YPMS) in Leicestershire, England. Data collected at assessment included social factors, demographic characteristics, and medical and psychiatric history, as well as standardized cognitive assessment scores. Variables were analysed using χ 〈 sup 〉 2 〈 /sup 〉 or independent sample 〈 i 〉 t 〈 /i 〉 tests to identify associations. A Cox regression survival analysis was done to identify predictive factors for dementia conversion. An ROC analysis for total CAMCOG was used to investigate sensitivity and specificity for dementia converters versus non-converters. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Out of 531 subjects who attended YPMS, 65 patients were given a diagnosis of eoMCI (47.7% female; mean age 56.4 ± 7.54 years). Of these, 21 (32.3%) converted to dementia during their course within the service. Comparison between subgroups revealed a significant association between dementia conversion and higher years of education and lower MMSE and CAMCOG (total and subscale) scores at baseline. Smoking history, alcohol use, or medical history such as diabetes or heart disease were not associated with conversion. Cox regression survival analysis showed higher education in years and lower total CAMCOG scores were significant predictors for conversion. Lower scores on the recent memory, remote memory, learning memory, and executive function subscales of the CAMCOG were also significant predictors for conversion. ROC curve analysis for total CAMCOG demonstrated that the best detection of dementia converters can be achieved with a cutoff score of 90.5/107 (sensitivity of 76.2% and specificity of 68.2%). Area under the curve was 0.808 (95% CI: 0.697–0.920). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 More years in education and lower cognitive scores on CAMCOG at initial assessment are associated with progression to dementia from eoMCI. Further research is required to explore these predictive factors more.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-8008 , 1421-9824
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482186-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2014
    In:  International Psychogeriatrics Vol. 26, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 1247-1262
    In: International Psychogeriatrics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 26, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 1247-1262
    Abstract: As the population ages, it is increasingly important to use effective short cognitive tests for suspected dementia. We aimed to review systematically brief cognitive tests for suspected dementia and report on their validation in different settings, to help clinicians choose rapid and appropriate tests. Methods: Electronic search for face-to-face sensitive and specific cognitive tests for people with suspected dementia, taking ≤ 20 minutes, providing quantitative psychometric data. Results: 22 tests fitted criteria. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) had good psychometric properties in primary care. In the secondary care settings, MMSE has considerable data but lacks sensitivity. 6-Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6CIT), Brief Alzheimer's Screen, HVLT, and 7 Minute Screen have good properties for detecting dementia but need further validation. Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment are effective to detect dementia with Parkinson's disease and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised ( ACE-R ) is useful for all dementias when shorter tests are inconclusive. Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment scale (RUDAS) is useful when literacy is low. Tests such as Test for Early Detection of Dementia, Test Your Memory, Cognitive Assessment Screening Test (CAST) and the recently developed ACE-III show promise but need validation in different settings, populations, and dementia subtypes. Validation of tests such as 6CIT, Abbreviated Mental Test is also needed for dementia screening in acute hospital settings. Conclusions: Practitioners should use tests as appropriate to the setting and individual patient. More validation of available tests is needed rather than development of new ones.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1041-6102 , 1741-203X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2147136-8
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  • 7
    In: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra, S. Karger AG, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2018-4-26), p. 190-198
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Although driving by persons with dementia is an important public health concern, little is known about driving cessation in younger people with dementia. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors affecting driving cessation in individuals with and without dementia aged under 65 years attending a memory clinic in a European setting. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Subjects were consecutive patients assessed at a specialist memory service at a university teaching hospital between 2000 and 2010. The data collected included demographic, clinical, standardized cognitive assessments as well as information on driving. Dementia diagnosis was made using ICD-10 criteria. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Of the 225 people who were or had been drivers, 32/79 (41%) with young-onset dementia (YOD) stopped driving compared to 25/146 (17%) patients who had cognitive impairment due to other causes. Women were more likely to cease driving and voluntarily than men ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & #x3c; 0.001). Diagnosis of YOD was associated with driving cessation (1.193, 95% CI 0.570–1.815, 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 ≤ 0.001), and was mediated by impairment in praxis with the highest indirect mediation effect (0.754, 95% CI 0.183–1.401, 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.009). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 YOD diagnosis, female gender, and impairment in praxis have a higher probability for driving cessation in those under 65 years of age with cognitive impairment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-5464
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2621464-7
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