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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prevalence of Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD, MetALD, and ALD) in the United States: NHANES 2017–2020
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology ( 2023-11)
    Details
    In: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Elsevier BV, ( 2023-11)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1542-3565
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.11.003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Impact of prior HBV, HAV, and HEV infection on non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Viral Hepatitis Vol. 30, No. 8 ( 2023-08), p. 685-693
    Details
    In: Journal of Viral Hepatitis, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 8 ( 2023-08), p. 685-693
    Abstract: Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease. The association between prior hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and NAFLD remains unclear. We utilized the 2017–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the association of prior HBV, HAV and HEV infection with NAFLD, as well as high risk non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis. Our analysis included 2565 participants with available anti‐HBc serology results, 1480 unvaccinated participants with anti‐HAV results, and 2561 participants with anti‐HEV results. Among participants with NAFLD, the age‐adjusted prevalence of prior HBV, HAV and HEV infection was 3.48%, 32.08% and 7.45%, respectively. Prior infection with HBV, HAV and HEV was not associated with NAFLD (cut‐off 285 dB/m) [aOR: 0.99 (95% CI, 0.77–1.29), 1.29 (95% CI, 0.95–1.75), and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.70–1.27), respectively] or high‐risk NASH [aOR 0.72 (95% CI, 0.45–1.17), 0.92 (95% CI, 0.55–1.52), and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.41–1.94), respectively] . Participants with anti‐HBc and anti‐HAV seropositivity were more likely to have significant fibrosis [aOR: 1.53 (95% CI, 1.05–2.23) and 1.69 (95% CI, 1.16–2.47), respectively]. The odds of significant fibrosis are 53%, and 69% greater for participants with prior history of HBV and HAV infection. Healthcare providers should prioritize vaccination efforts and employ a tailored approach to NAFLD in patients with prior viral hepatitis and especially HBV or HAV infection to limit disease‐related outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1352-0504 , 1365-2893
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jvh.v30.8
    DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13862
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007924-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    S1273 Prevalence of NAFLD and Fibrosis in Unselected Patients With HIV Monoinfection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2022
    In:  American Journal of Gastroenterology Vol. 117, No. 10S ( 2022-10), p. e919-e920
    Details
    In: American Journal of Gastroenterology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 117, No. 10S ( 2022-10), p. e919-e920
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-9270 , 1572-0241
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.14309/01.ajg.0000861732.89301.b0
    RVK:
    XA 18920
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    DataSheet1.PDF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-5)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-5)
    Abstract: Background: Biologic (bDMARD) and targeted synthetic (tsDMARD) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs have broadened the treatment options and are increasingly used for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). These agents block different pro-inflammatory cytokines or specific intracellular signaling pathways that promote inflammation and can place patients at risk of serious infections. We aimed to review the incidence of opportunistic infections (OIs) in patients with PsA who were treated with these agents. Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE through 14 April 2022 for randomized clinical trials evaluating bDMARD or tsDMARD in the treatment of PsA. Trials were eligible if they compared the effect of a bDMARD or tsDMARD with placebo and provided safety data. We used the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool to assess the risk of bias among trials, and stratified the studies by mechanism of action (MOA) of the agents studied. Results: We included 47 studies in this analysis. A total of 17,197 patients received at least one dose of an agent of interest. The cumulative incidence of OIs by MOA was as follows: 1) JAK inhibitors: 2.72% (95% CI: 1.05%–5.04%), 2) anti-IL-17: 1.18% (95% CI: 0.60%–1.9%), 3) anti-IL-23: 0.24% (95% CI: 0.04%–0.54%), and 4) anti-TNFs: 0.01% (95% CI: 0.00%–0.21%). Based on their MOA, these agents are known to increase the risk of certain serious infections. The cumulative incidence of herpes zoster infection following treatment with JAK inhibitors (JAKi) was 2.53% (95% CI: 1.03%–4.57%) and the cumulative incidence of opportunistic Candida spp. infections following treatment with anti-IL-17, was 0.97% (95% CI: 0.51%–1.56%). Conclusion: The overall incidence of OIs among patients with PsA who were treated with biologic and targeted synthetic agents is low. However, careful monitoring is warranted for specific OIs such as herpes zoster infection following JAKi treatment, mucocutaneous candidiasis following anti-IL-17 treatment, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection following anti-TNF treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.992713
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.992713.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Risk of Infection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated With Interleukin-Targeting Agents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2024
    In:  Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ( 2024-03-01)
    Details
    In: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2024-03-01)
    Abstract: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of infection. The aim of this study was to assess the cumulative incidence and risk of infection in patients with IBD treated with interleukin (IL)-targeting agents. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials including patients with IBD receiving IL-targeting agents compared with patients receiving placebo or treatment that only differed from the intervention arm in the absence of an IL-targeting agent. The primary outcome of interest was the relative risk (RR) of any-grade and severe infection during the induction phase. Results There was no difference in risk of any-grade (RR, 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89-1.09) or severe (RR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.38-1.10) infection in patients receiving any IL-targeting agent compared with the control group. During the maintenance period, the cumulative incidence of any-grade infection in patients receiving IL-12/23p40–targeting agents (mean follow-up 29 weeks) was 34.82% (95% CI, 26.78%-43.32%), while the cumulative incidence of severe infection was 3.07% (95% CI, 0.93%-6.21%). The cumulative incidence of any-grade infection in patients receiving IL-23p19–targeting agents (mean follow-up 40.9 weeks) was 32.16% (95% CI, 20.63%-44.88%), while the cumulative incidence of severe infection was 1.75% (95% CI, 0.60%-3.36%). During the maintenance phase of the included studies, the incidence of infection was 30.66% (95% CI, 22.12%-39.90%) for any-grade and 1.59% (95% CI, 0.76%-2.63%) for severe infection in patients in the control group. Conclusions There was no difference in risk of infection between patients with IBD who received IL-targeting agents compared with the control group. Case registries and randomized controlled trials reporting the safety of IL inhibitors should provide detailed information about the risk of specific infectious complications in patients with IBD receiving IL-targeting agents.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0998 , 1536-4844
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izae031
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prevalence and Characteristics of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Fibrosis in People Living With HIV Monoinfection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology Vol. 21, No. 7 ( 2023-07), p. 1708-1722
    Details
    In: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 21, No. 7 ( 2023-07), p. 1708-1722
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1542-3565
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.01.001
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Cumulative Incidence and Relative Risk of Infection in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Treated With Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody-Based Regimens: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Open Forum Infectious Diseases Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2022-11-02)
    Details
    In: Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2022-11-02)
    Abstract: Patients with multiple myeloma are at higher risk for infections due to disease pathogenesis and administered therapies. The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk for any grade and severe infections associated with the use of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies in patients with multiple myeloma. Methods We searched PubMed and EMBASE for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included patients with multiple myeloma who received CD38-targeting monoclonal antibody regimens and reported outcomes of infection and performed a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the relative risk for infections. Results After screening 673 citations, we retrieved 17 studies providing data on 11 RCTs. Overall, the included reports evaluated 5316 patients (2797 in the intervention arm and 2519 in the control arm). The relative risk (RR) for both any grade or severe infections was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.17–1.37 and 1.14–1.41, respectively). The cumulative incidence of any grade infections for patients who received anti-CD38 agents was 77% (95% CI, 68%–86%), while for severe infections it was 28% (95% CI, 23%–34%). Patients treated with anti-CD38 agents had a 39% higher risk for any grade pneumonia (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.12–1.72) and a 38% higher risk for severe pneumonia (RR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09–1.75). For upper respiratory tract infections, the relative risk was 1.51 and 1.71 for any grade and severe infections, respectively. Regarding varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation, we found no evidence of increased risk (RR, 3.86; 95% CI, 0.66–22.50). Conclusions Patients with multiple myeloma treated with regimens that included an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody were at higher risk for any grade or severe infections without an associated higher mortality rate during the follow-up period of the retrieved studies. No evidence of increased risk for VZV reactivation was noted, but there was a significant association between CD38-targeting treatment and pneumonia risk. Increased surveillance for infections, development of effective prophylactic strategies, and studies with long follow-up are needed for patients with multiple myeloma treated with anti-CD38-based regimens.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2328-8957
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac574
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757767-3
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.PDF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Medicine Vol. 10 ( 2023-3-1)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Medicine, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2023-3-1)
    Abstract: Rituximab and azathioprine are used to induce or maintain remission in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). We evaluated the incidence of serious infections and infection-related deaths in patients with AAV treated with rituximab and azathioprine, during the maintenance of remission period. Methods We searched PubMed and EMBASE for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies evaluating immunosuppressive agents in patients with AAV. We defined serious or severe infections according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. The study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022366269). Results From 1,265 abstracts, we identified 21 studies (7 RCTs and 14 observational), with relevant data. We included data from 1,284 and 2,938 individuals for assessment in our primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. The overall cumulative incidence of serious infections was 15.99% (CI 95%: 6.95–27.53%) during the total follow-up period (induction and maintenance) and 7.62% (CI 95%: 4.43–11.43%) during the maintenance period. Additionally, we found a 0.49% overall case fatality rate (CI 95%: 0.02–1.37%) and a 0.09% infection-related mortality rate (CI 95%: 0.00–0.51%) during maintenance treatment. Notably, we found a 14.61% (CI 95%: 10.19–19.61%) cumulative incidence of serious infections among patients who received rituximab and a 5.93% (CI 95%: 1.19–13.26%) cumulative incidence of serious infections among patients who received azathioprine during maintenance. Moreover, the cumulative incidence of serious infections during the total follow-up period (induction and maintenance) was 20.81% (CI 95%:4.56–43.70%) for the combination of cyclophosphamide and azathioprine and 14.12% (CI 95%: 5.20–26.00%) for rituximab. Discussion The cumulative incidence of serious infections during total follow-up and maintenance was within expected limits, while fatal infections during maintenance treatment were uncommon. Additionally, treatment with rituximab for both induction and maintenance did not exceed the anticipated by previous studies incidence of serious infections. Clinical practice and long-term follow up data are needed to corroborate these findings. Systematic review registration Identifier: PROSPERO (CRD42022366269).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-858X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1110548
    DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1110548.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775999-4
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