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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Response of anaerobic carbon cycling to water table manipulation in an Alaskan rich fen
    Elsevier BV ; 2013
    In:  Soil Biology and Biochemistry Vol. 58 ( 2013-3), p. 50-60
    Details
    In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Elsevier BV, Vol. 58 ( 2013-3), p. 50-60
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0038-0717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.10.032
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498740-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 280810-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fuel load, structure, and potential fire behaviour in black spruce bogs
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2015
    In:  Canadian Journal of Forest Research Vol. 45, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 888-899
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 45, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 888-899
    Abstract: Boreal peatlands in Canada comprise a substantial store of soil organic carbon (peat), and this peat is vulnerable to extensive burning during periods of extended drying. Increased frequency of extreme weather events in boreal regions is expected with future climate change, and the conditions that would support sustained smouldering peat combustion within peatlands may be more common. Organic soils tend to burn by smouldering combustion, a very slow-moving process in fuels such as those found in peatlands. Thus the most extreme conditions for carbon loss to the atmosphere due to the burning of peat likely occur when widespread propagation of flaming combustion leads to widespread initiation of smouldering. To investigate the potential for large-scale, high-intensity fire spread across forested bogs, we examined the fuel conditions in forested bogs necessary to support active crown fire. We measured surface and canopy fine fuels (those available to contribute to the propagating energy flux of the main flaming front) across a postfire chronosequence of forested boreal bog from central Alberta, Canada. We found that fuel load of fine surface material remained relatively constant across the chronosequence and at levels large enough to support crown fire initiation. Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) regeneration begins to fill in the crown space with increasing time since disturbance and achieves crown bulk densities similar to black spruce upland forests. We estimated that after about 80 years, the black spruce canopy has developed enough available fuel to support active crown fire on between 10% to 40% of days in a typical fire season in central Alberta, Canada. Broad-scale propagation of high-intensity fire across a peatland when coincident with drought-induced lower moisture in deep peatland layers has the potential to lead to a substantial release of stored terrestrial carbon.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0045-5067 , 1208-6037
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/cjfr-2014-0334
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473096-0
    SSG: 23
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examining the utility of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System in boreal peatlands
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2012
    In:  Canadian Journal of Forest Research Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 47-58
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 47-58
    Abstract: The Duff Moisture Code (DMC) and Drought Code (DC) components of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index (FWI) System are used by fire managers to assess the vulnerability of organic soils to ignition and depth of burn despite being developed for upland soils. Given the need to assess wildfire risk in peatlands, we compared the DMC and DC in eight peatlands located in five regions in boreal Canada with water table position (WT) and surface volumetric moisture content (VMC). The slope of the change in WT and DC relationship ranged greatly (–0.01 to –0.11 cm) between sites and years likely due to differences in site-specific peat properties, catchment water supply, and presence of seasonal ice. A DC of 400, which has been associated with wildfire vulnerability in uplands, corresponded to a seasonal drop in WT in the range of 4–36 cm. The slopes of the relationships between DMC and DC with 5 and 15 cm VMC also varied greatly between sites. Our findings suggest that these FWI components are suitable for predicting the general moisture status and fire danger in boreal peatlands. However, there is a need for a modified DC for specific peat types to indicate when the WT has reached a critical depth upon which fire danger increases. We also present a suggested framework for the development of a new peat moisture code within the FWI.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0045-5067 , 1208-6037
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/x11-162
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473096-0
    SSG: 23
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Spatial pattern of intraspecific trait variability in Sphagnum fuscum
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Botany Vol. 98, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 717-723
    Details
    In: Botany, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 98, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 717-723
    Abstract: Recent studies have shown that intraspecific variability is a mechanism by which species respond to environmental heterogeneity, and that intraspecific variation can have large implications for ecological processes. Here, we studied whether there is meaningful intraspecific variation in the ecohydrological traits, biomass allocation, and decomposability in Sphagnum moss, and if so, to explore the spatial pattern of variability. We implemented a hierarchical design in which we quantified traits of S. fuscum at three spatial scales: (i) between individuals within 8 cm 2 patches; (ii) between replicate patches located within a single hummock or hollow location; and (iii) between hummocks. Although we focused on S. fuscum, we also compared the variability in some morphological features of S. fuscum and S. magellanicum. If growth is affected by density, we expected variability to be lowest at the patch level. Contrary to our expectation, most of the variability in both species occurred within-patch, which is our smallest sampling unit. Variability was generally higher in the traits for S. magellanicum compared with the variability in the traits for S. fuscum, which was generally negligible. Also, the pattern of variability observed for some of the traits such as the capitulum mass suggests that the mechanisms controlling different traits may be operating at different spatial scales.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1916-2790 , 1916-2804
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2020-0077
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2467208-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Variation in fuel structure of boreal fens
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2016
    In:  Canadian Journal of Forest Research Vol. 46, No. 5 ( 2016-05), p. 683-695
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 46, No. 5 ( 2016-05), p. 683-695
    Abstract: Wildfire frequency and severity in boreal peatlands can be limited by wet fuel conditions, but increases in burn severity can occur when lower water table positions cause drying of fuels. To date, most studies on northern peatland fires have focused on ombrotrophic bogs. Though minerotrophic fens are the most common type of peatland in North America, the influence of fuel structure and loading on potential fire behaviour in boreal fens is poorly understood. To investigate the potential for widespread flame front propagation across boreal fens, we quantified the fuel components present in three generalized boreal fen types (open, shrub, and treed fens) in northern Alberta, Canada. The loadings of aerial fuels, tall shrubs, and downed woody debris varied significantly among fen types. Fuel loads tended to be smallest in the open fens and largest in the treed fens. Open and shrub fens had larger loads of total surface fuels relative to treed fens, with short-statured shrubs being the dominant contributor to surface fuel load. Based on our observations of available fuel loads, each of the fen types may support moderate- to high-intensity fire following long-term drying, which may not only consume some fraction of the aboveground biomass, but also provide a substantial downward pulse of energy to initiate smouldering in the organic layer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0045-5067 , 1208-6037
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/cjfr-2015-0445
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473096-0
    SSG: 23
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bacterial and enchytraeid abundance accelerate soil carbon turnover along a lowland vegetation gradient in interior Alaska
    Elsevier BV ; 2012
    In:  Soil Biology and Biochemistry Vol. 50 ( 2012-07), p. 188-198
    Details
    In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Elsevier BV, Vol. 50 ( 2012-07), p. 188-198
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0038-0717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.032
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498740-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 280810-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modeling fire severity in black spruce stands in the Alaskan boreal forest using spectral and non-spectral geospatial data
    Elsevier BV ; 2010
    In:  Remote Sensing of Environment Vol. 114, No. 7 ( 2010-7), p. 1494-1503
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing of Environment, Elsevier BV, Vol. 114, No. 7 ( 2010-7), p. 1494-1503
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0034-4257
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2010.02.001
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498713-2
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 14
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Resilience of Alaska’s boreal forest to climatic changeThis article is one of a selection of papers from The Dynamics of Change in Alaska’s Boreal Forests: Resilience and Vulnerability in Response to Climate Warming.
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2010
    In:  Canadian Journal of Forest Research Vol. 40, No. 7 ( 2010-07), p. 1360-1370
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 40, No. 7 ( 2010-07), p. 1360-1370
    Abstract: This paper assesses the resilience of Alaska’s boreal forest system to rapid climatic change. Recent warming is associated with reduced growth of dominant tree species, plant disease and insect outbreaks, warming and thawing of permafrost, drying of lakes, increased wildfire extent, increased postfire recruitment of deciduous trees, and reduced safety of hunters traveling on river ice. These changes have modified key structural features, feedbacks, and interactions in the boreal forest, including reduced effects of upland permafrost on regional hydrology, expansion of boreal forest into tundra, and amplification of climate warming because of reduced albedo (shorter winter season) and carbon release from wildfires. Other temperature-sensitive processes for which no trends have been detected include composition of plant and microbial communities, long-term landscape-scale change in carbon stocks, stream discharge, mammalian population dynamics, and river access and subsistence opportunities for rural indigenous communities. Projections of continued warming suggest that Alaska’s boreal forest will undergo significant functional and structural changes within the next few decades that are unprecedented in the last 6000 years. The impact of these social–ecological changes will depend in part on the extent of landscape reorganization between uplands and lowlands and on policies regulating subsistence opportunities for rural communities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0045-5067 , 1208-6037
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/X10-074
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473096-0
    SSG: 23
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental drying intensifies burning and carbon losses in a northern peatland
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2011
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2011-11-01)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2011-11-01)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1523
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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