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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Katabatic winds and polynya dynamics at Coats Land, Antarctica
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2014
    In:  Antarctic Science Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2014-06), p. 309-326
    Details
    In: Antarctic Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2014-06), p. 309-326
    Abstract: Mesoscale model simulations were conducted for the Weddell Sea region for the autumn and winter periods of 2008 using a high-resolution, limited-area, non-hydrostatic atmospheric model. A sea ice–ocean model was run with enhanced horizontal resolution and high-resolution forcing data of the atmospheric model. Daily passive thermal and microwave satellite data was used to derive the polynya area in the Weddell Sea region. The focus of the study is on the formation of polynyas in the coastal region of Coats Land, which is strongly affected by katabatic flows. The polynya areas deduced from two independent remote sensing methods and data sources show good agreement, while the results of the sea ice simulation show some weaknesses. Linkages between the pressure gradient force composed of a katabatic and a synoptic component, offshore wind regimes and polynya area are identified. It is shown that the downslope surface offshore wind component of Coats Land is the main forcing factor for polynya dynamics, which is mainly steered by the offshore pressure gradient force, where the katabatic force is the dominant term. We find that the synoptic pressure gradient is opposed to the katabatic force during major katabatic wind events.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0954-1020 , 1365-2079
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0954102013000679
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Variability of dense water formation in the Ross Sea
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2005
    In:  Ocean Dynamics Vol. 55, No. 2 ( 2005-11), p. 68-87
    Details
    In: Ocean Dynamics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 55, No. 2 ( 2005-11), p. 68-87
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-7341 , 1616-7228
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10236-004-0106-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2005
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  • 3
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    Ice platelets below Weddell Sea landfast sea ice
    International Glaciological Society ; 2015
    In:  Annals of Glaciology Vol. 56, No. 69 ( 2015), p. 175-190
    Details
    In: Annals of Glaciology, International Glaciological Society, Vol. 56, No. 69 ( 2015), p. 175-190
    Abstract: Basal melt of ice shelves may lead to an accumulation of disc-shaped ice platelets underneath nearby sea ice, to form a sub-ice platelet layer. Here we present the seasonal cycle of sea ice attached to the Ekström Ice Shelf, Antarctica, and the underlying platelet layer in 2012. Ice platelets emerged from the cavity and interacted with the fast-ice cover of Atka Bay as early as June. Episodic accumulations throughout winter and spring led to an average platelet-layer thickness of 4 m by December 2012, with local maxima of up to 10 m. The additional buoyancy partly prevented surface flooding and snow-ice formation, despite a thick snow cover. Subsequent thinning of the platelet layer from December onwards was associated with an inflow of warm surface water. The combination of model studies with observed fast-ice thickness revealed an average ice-volume fraction in the platelet layer of 0.25 ± 0.1. We found that nearly half of the combined solid sea-ice and ice-platelet volume in this area is generated by heat transfer to the ocean rather than to the atmosphere. The total ice-platelet volume underlying Atka Bay fast ice was equivalent to more than one-fifth of the annual basal melt volume under the Ekström Ice Shelf.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0260-3055 , 1727-5644
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3189/2015AoG69A678
    Language: English
    Publisher: International Glaciological Society
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Stochastic Ice Strength Perturbation on Arctic Finite Element Sea Ice Modeling
    American Meteorological Society ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 26, No. 11 ( 2013-06-01), p. 3785-3802
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 26, No. 11 ( 2013-06-01), p. 3785-3802
    Abstract: The ice strength parameter P* is a key parameter in dynamic/thermodynamic sea ice models that cannot be measured directly. Stochastically perturbing P* in the Finite Element Sea Ice–Ocean Model (FESOM) of the Alfred Wegener Institute aims at investigating the effect of uncertainty pertaining to this parameterization. Three different approaches using symmetric perturbations have been applied: 1) reassignment of uncorrelated noise fields to perturb P* at every grid point, 2) a Markov chain time correlation, and 3) a Markov chain time correlation with some spatial correlation between nodes. Despite symmetric perturbations, results show an increase of Arctic sea ice volume and a decrease of Arctic sea ice area for all three approaches. In particular, the introduction of spatial correlation leads to a substantial increase in sea ice volume and mean thickness. The strongest response can be seen for multiyear ice north of the Greenland coast. An ensemble of eight perturbed simulations generates a spread in the multiyear ice comparable to the interannual variability of the model. Results cannot be reproduced by a simple constant global modification of P*.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00388.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 5
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    Using the Mellor–Yamada mixing scheme in seasonally ice-covered seas—Corrigendum to: Parameterization of vertical mixing in the Weddell Sea [Ocean Modelling 6 (2004) 83–100]
    Elsevier BV ; 2005
    In:  Ocean Modelling Vol. 10, No. 3-4 ( 2005), p. 369-372
    Details
    In: Ocean Modelling, Elsevier BV, Vol. 10, No. 3-4 ( 2005), p. 369-372
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1463-5003
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2004.11.001
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2005
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498544-5
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  • 6
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    Regional ecosystem dynamics in the ACC: simulations with a three-dimensional ocean-plankton model
    Elsevier BV ; 2003
    In:  Journal of Marine Systems Vol. 42, No. 1-2 ( 2003-7), p. 31-51
    Details
    In: Journal of Marine Systems, Elsevier BV, Vol. 42, No. 1-2 ( 2003-7), p. 31-51
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0924-7963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0924-7963(03)00063-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2003
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  • 7
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    Utilizing the ASPeCt sea ice thickness data set to evaluate a global coupled sea ice–ocean model
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2004
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 109, No. C7 ( 2004)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 109, No. C7 ( 2004)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2003JC002242
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2004
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
    Online Resource
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    Impact of West Antarctic ice shelf melting on Southern Ocean hydrography
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2020
    In:  The Cryosphere Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2020-07-13), p. 2205-2216
    Details
    In: The Cryosphere, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 2020-07-13), p. 2205-2216
    Abstract: Abstract. Previous studies show accelerations of West Antarctic glaciers, implying that basal melt rates of these glaciers were previously small and increased in the middle of the 20th century. This enhanced melting is a likely source of the observed Ross Sea (RS) freshening, but its long-term impact on the Southern Ocean hydrography has not been well investigated. Here, we conduct coupled sea ice–ice shelf–ocean simulations with different levels of ice shelf melting from West Antarctic glaciers. Freshening of RS shelf and bottom water is simulated with enhanced West Antarctic ice shelf melting, while no significant changes in shelf water properties are simulated when West Antarctic ice shelf melting is small. We further show that the freshening caused by glacial meltwater from ice shelves in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen seas can propagate further downstream along the East Antarctic coast into the Weddell Sea. The freshening signal propagates onto the RS continental shelf within a year of model simulation, while it takes roughly 5–10 and 10–15 years to propagate into the region off Cape Darnley and into the Weddell Sea, respectively. This advection of freshening modulates the shelf water properties and possibly impacts the production of Antarctic Bottom Water if the enhanced melting of West Antarctic ice shelves continues for a longer period.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1994-0424
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/tc-14-2205-2020
    DOI: 10.5194/tc-14-2205-2020-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 9
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    Abruptly attenuated carbon sequestration with Weddell Sea dense waters by 2100
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-06-14)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-06-14)
    Abstract: Antarctic Bottom Water formation, such as in the Weddell Sea, is an efficient vector for carbon sequestration on time scales of centuries. Possible changes in carbon sequestration under changing environmental conditions are unquantified to date, mainly due to difficulties in simulating the relevant processes on high-latitude continental shelves. Here, we use a model setup including both ice-shelf cavities and oceanic carbon cycling and demonstrate that by 2100, deep-ocean carbon accumulation in the southern Weddell Sea is abruptly attenuated to only 40% of the 1990s rate in a high-emission scenario, while the rate in the 2050s and 2080s is still 2.5-fold and 4-fold higher, respectively, than in the 1990s. Assessing deep-ocean carbon budgets and water mass transformations, we attribute this decline to an increased presence of modified Warm Deep Water on the southern Weddell Sea continental shelf, a 16% reduction in sea-ice formation, and a 79% increase in ice-shelf basal melt. Altogether, these changes lower the density and volume of newly formed bottom waters and reduce the associated carbon transport to the abyss.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30671-3
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Intercomparison of Antarctic ice-shelf, ocean, and sea-ice interactions simulated by MetROMS-iceshelf and FESOM 1.4
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2018
    In:  Geoscientific Model Development Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2018-04-10), p. 1257-1292
    Details
    In: Geoscientific Model Development, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2018-04-10), p. 1257-1292
    Abstract: Abstract. An increasing number of Southern Ocean models now include Antarctic ice-shelf cavities, and simulate thermodynamics at the ice-shelf/ocean interface. This adds another level of complexity to Southern Ocean simulations, as ice shelves interact directly with the ocean and indirectly with sea ice. Here, we present the first model intercomparison and evaluation of present-day ocean/sea-ice/ice-shelf interactions, as simulated by two models: a circumpolar Antarctic configuration of MetROMS (ROMS: Regional Ocean Modelling System coupled to CICE: Community Ice CodE) and the global model FESOM (Finite Element Sea-ice Ocean Model), where the latter is run at two different levels of horizontal resolution. From a circumpolar Antarctic perspective, we compare and evaluate simulated ice-shelf basal melting and sub-ice-shelf circulation, as well as sea-ice properties and Southern Ocean water mass characteristics as they influence the sub-ice-shelf processes. Despite their differing numerical methods, the two models produce broadly similar results and share similar biases in many cases. Both models reproduce many key features of observations but struggle to reproduce others, such as the high melt rates observed in the small warm-cavity ice shelves of the Amundsen and Bellingshausen seas. Several differences in model design show a particular influence on the simulations. For example, FESOM's greater topographic smoothing can alter the geometry of some ice-shelf cavities enough to affect their melt rates; this improves at higher resolution, since less smoothing is required. In the interior Southern Ocean, the vertical coordinate system affects the degree of water mass erosion due to spurious diapycnal mixing, with MetROMS' terrain-following coordinate leading to more erosion than FESOM's z coordinate. Finally, increased horizontal resolution in FESOM leads to higher basal melt rates for small ice shelves, through a combination of stronger circulation and small-scale intrusions of warm water from offshore.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1991-9603
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/gmd-11-1257-2018
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2018
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