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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Subthalamic Stimulation Reduces Vowel Space at the Initiation of Sustained Production: Implications for Articulatory Motor Control in Parkinson’s Disease
    IOS Press ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Parkinson's Disease Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2016-05-26), p. 361-370
    Details
    In: Journal of Parkinson's Disease, IOS Press, Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2016-05-26), p. 361-370
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1877-7171 , 1877-718X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3233/JPD-150739
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOS Press
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599550-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Changes Cortical-Subcortical Blood Flow Patterns During Speech: A Positron Emission Tomography Study
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Neurology Vol. 12 ( 2021-5-26)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-5-26)
    Abstract: Background: Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) but can have an adverse effect on speech. In normal speakers and in those with spinocerebellar ataxia, an inverse relationship between regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the left inferior frontal (IFG) region and the right caudate (CAU) is associated with speech rate. This pattern was examined to determine if it was present in PD, and if so, whether it was altered by STN-DBS. Methods: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) measured rCBF during speech in individuals with PD not treated with STN-DBS ( n = 7), and those treated with bilateral STN-DBS ( n = 7). Previously reported results from non-PD control subjects ( n = 16) were reported for comparison. The possible relationships between speech rate during scanning and data from the left and right IFG and CAU head regions were investigated using a step-wise multiple linear regression to identify brain regions that interacted to predict speech rate. Results: The multiple linear regression analysis replicated previously reported predictive coefficients for speech rate involving the left IFG and right CAU regions. However, the relationships between these predictive coefficients and speech rates were abnormal in both PD groups. In PD who had not received STN-DBS, the right CAU coefficient decreased normally with increasing speech rate but the left IFG coefficient abnormally decreased. With STN-DBS, this pattern was partially normalized with the addition of a left IFG coefficient that increased with speech rate, as in normal controls, but the abnormal left IFG decreasing coefficient observed in PD remained. The magnitudes of both cortical predictive coefficients but not the CAU coefficient were exaggerated with STN-DBS. Conclusions: STN-DBS partially corrects the abnormal relationships between rCBF and speech rate found in PD by introducing a left IFG subregion that increases with speech rate, but the conflicting left IFG subregion response remained. Conflicting IFG responses may account for some of the speech problems observed after STN-DBS. Cortical and subcortical regions may be differentially affected by STN-DBS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2295
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.684596
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564214-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Speech Intelligibility During Clinical and Low Frequency
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Brain Sciences Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-01-02), p. 26-
    Details
    In: Brain Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-01-02), p. 26-
    Abstract: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has become an effective and widely used tool in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). STN-DBS has varied effects on speech. Clinical speech ratings suggest worsening following STN-DBS, but quantitative intelligibility, perceptual, and acoustic studies have produced mixed and inconsistent results. Improvements in phonation and declines in articulation have frequently been reported during different speech tasks under different stimulation conditions. Questions remain about preferred STN-DBS stimulation settings. Seven right-handed, native speakers of English with PD treated with bilateral STN-DBS were studied off medication at three stimulation conditions: stimulators off, 60 Hz (low frequency stimulation—LFS), and the typical clinical setting of 185 Hz (High frequency—HFS). Spontaneous speech was recorded in each condition and excerpts were prepared for transcription (intelligibility) and difficulty judgements. Separate excerpts were prepared for listeners to rate abnormalities in voice, articulation, fluency, and rate. Intelligibility for spontaneous speech was reduced at both HFS and LFS when compared to STN-DBS off. On the average, speech produced at HFS was more intelligible than that produced at LFS, but HFS made the intelligibility task (transcription) subjectively more difficult. Both voice quality and articulation were judged to be more abnormal with DBS on. STN-DBS reduced the intelligibility of spontaneous speech at both LFS and HFS but lowering the frequency did not improve intelligibility. Voice quality ratings with STN-DBS were correlated with the ratings made without stimulation. This was not true for articulation ratings. STN-DBS exacerbated existing voice problems and may have introduced new articulatory abnormalities. The results from individual DBS subjects showed both improved and reduced intelligibility varied as a function of DBS, with perceived changes in voice appearing to be more reflective of intelligibility than perceived changes in articulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3425
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10010026
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651993-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Therapeutic High-Frequency Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson's Disease Produces Global Increases in Cerebral Blood Flow
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism Vol. 32, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 41-49
    Details
    In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 41-49
    Abstract: Chronic, high-frequency electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nuclei (STNs) has become an effective and widely used therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD), but the therapeutic mechanism is not understood. Stimulation of the STN is believed to reorganize neurophysiological activity patterns within the basal ganglia, whereas local field effects extending to tracts adjacent to the STN are viewed as sources of nontherapeutic side effects. This study is part of a larger project investigating the effects of STN stimulation on speech and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in human subjects with PD. While generating measures of global CBF (gCBF) to normalize regional CBF values for a subsequent combined analysis of regional CBF and speech data, we observed a third effect of this therapy: a gCBF increase. This effect was present across three estimates of gCBF ranging from values based on the highest activity voxels to those based on all voxels. The magnitude of the gCBF increase was related to the subject's duration of PD. It is not clear whether this CBF effect has a therapeutic role, but the impact of deep brain stimulation on cerebrovascular control warrants study from neuroscience, pathophysiological, and therapeutic perspectives.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-678X , 1559-7016
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.135
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039456-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Voice and Fluency Changes as a Function of Speech Task and Deep Brain Stimulation
    American Speech Language Hearing Association ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research Vol. 53, No. 5 ( 2010-10), p. 1167-1177
    Details
    In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, American Speech Language Hearing Association, Vol. 53, No. 5 ( 2010-10), p. 1167-1177
    Abstract: Speaking, which naturally occurs in different modes or “tasks” such as conversation and repetition, relies on intact basal ganglia nuclei. Recent studies suggest that voice and fluency parameters are differentially affected by speech task. In this study, the authors examine the effects of subcortical functionality on voice and fluency, comparing measures obtained from spontaneous and matched repeated speech samples. Method Subjects with Parkinson’s disease who were being treated with bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nuclei were tested with stimulators ON and OFF. Results The study found that a voice measure, harmonic to noise ratio, is improved in repetition and in the DBS-ON condition and that dysfluencies are more plentiful in conversation with little or variable influence of DBS condition. Conclusions These findings suggest that voice and fluency are differentially affected by DBS treatment and that task conditions, interacting with subcortical functionality, influence motor speech performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1092-4388 , 1558-9102
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1044/1092-4388(2010/09-0154)
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Speech Language Hearing Association
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070420-3
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global and multi-focal changes in cerebral blood flow during subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson’s disease
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 697-705
    Details
    In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, SAGE Publications, Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2018-04), p. 697-705
    Abstract: Electrical stimulation of subthalamic nuclei (STN) is a widely used therapy in Parkinson’s disease (PD). While deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the STN alters the neurophysiological activity in basal ganglia, the therapeutic mechanism has not been established. A positron emission tomography (PET) study of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during speech production in PD subjects treated with STN-DBS found significant increases in global (whole-brain) CBF. 1 That study utilized a series of whole-slice regions of interest to obtain global CBF values. The present study examined this effect using a voxel-based principal component analysis (PCA) combined with Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis (FLDA) to classify STN-DBS on versus STN-DBS off whole-brain images. The approach yielded wide-spread CBF changes that classified STN-DBS status with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity approaching 90%. The PCA component of the analysis supported the observation of a global CBF change during STN-DBS. The FLDA component demonstrated wide-spread multi-focal CBF changes. Further, CBF measurements related to a number of subject characteristics when STN-DBS was off, but not when it was on, suggesting that the normal relationship between CBF and behavior may be disrupted by this form of neuromodulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-678X , 1559-7016
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0271678X17705042
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039456-1
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