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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Review of creep modelling for predicting of long-term behavior of glued-laminated bamboo structures
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01023-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01023-
    Abstract: Glued-laminated bamboo has been widely used to substitute timber as a building material. This material classified as a viscoelastic material because it exhibiting properties that are common to both solid and liquid. Under long-term constant loading, the glued-laminated bamboo structures will experience creep deformation. The mechanical, power law and finite element models are common methods that used to predict the creep for viscoelastic material, some of them have advantages and disadvantages. In this manuscript, modelling of long-term creep is reviewed. The fundamental concepts of creep modelling, the influence of variable load level, and humidity were discussed to develop for computational applications. By using FEA program, a subroutine has been developed by previous researchers to accommodate the effect of orthotropic properties. In the future, the subroutine will be used and developed for numerical creep analysis of glued-laminated bamboo.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925801023
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 2
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    A mockup unit of the an-eco budget bamboo chalet: design and cost estimation analysis
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01010-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01010-
    Abstract: To succeed by 2050, Malaysia visions would need to be ecologically sustainable. To align with this strategy, a mock-up unit of an-eco budget bamboo chalet is proposed and designed with the aim to provide an affordable and sustainable chalet using local sustainability features and expand the use of natural resources. A sustainable bamboo chalet requires proper initial treatments and preservation in maintaining its esthetic appearance and strength. Otherwise, it can be less durable and under certain circumstances would incur high maintenance cost to the owner. In this study, the proposed unit of an eco-budget bamboo chalet is designed and analyzed using the Staad Pro V8i software. The projection cost of the bamboo chalet in the next 25 years is studied comparatively in which involves a comparison of using a different material, i.e. concrete with the same built-up area. The bamboo chalet had a built-up land area of approximately 7.5 m x 7 m (53 m 2 ) and is made of 95% bamboo which comprises of two different species, i.e. Bambusa Vulgaris and Dendrocalamus Asper Bamboo. The results showed that construction material of the chalet saves up to 18% more when using bamboo compared to concrete. However, the total projected cost of the chalet for the next 25 years by using bamboo was 14% higher compared to concrete. Therefore, emphasis on the usage of bamboo for long-term strategy is required to maintain and control the gradual trend cost incurred if green building is to be built in Malaysia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925801010
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Displacement-based design of Reinforced Concrete Special Moment Frame (RC-SMF) with Vertical Irregularity
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 05014-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 05014-
    Abstract: Reinforced concrete Special Moment Frame (RC-SMF) with irregularity in dimension experiences large inelastic deformation under ground motion. The building code for designing structural elements generally is focused on satisfying the strength and serviceability. On the other hand, the displacement-based design (DBD) procedure is based on building performance level. This paper presents a devoted study of designing structural elements of 8 story RC-SMF with vertical irregularity using the DBD method. This method is mainly using energy-work balance concept with pre-selected yield mechanism and target drift. Moreover, a new lateral force distribution method is used in this study which accounts for inelastic dynamic response and higher mode effects. Strong column-weak beam mechanism is used to design beam and column, and beam moment capacity of each floor is calculated by equating external work to internal work approach. Furthermore, column design strength is taken as the combination of factored gravity loads and maximum expected strength of the beam. The time history analysis results show that story drift is below than the target drift and achieve the desired performance level. Moreover, the results also show lateral force distribution is very close to the lateral shear distribution which obtained from time history analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925805014
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Sustainable cementitious materials: The effect of fly ash percentage as a part replacement of portland cement composite (PCC) and curing temperature on the early age strength of fly ash concrete
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01001-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01001-
    Abstract: This research aims to determine the effect of fly ash percentage as a part replacement of Portland cement and curing temperatures to the early age strength of concrete. The percentages of fly ash used were 0, 10 and 15% by cement weight. The cured temperatures were 25, 30 dan 50°C. The concrete specimens were cubes of 150 x 150 x 150 mm3. The cubes, which were cured at 25°C, placed in water tank, while those cured at 30 and 50°C cured in oven until 7 days and then continued in water. The testing was conducted at ages 3, 7, 14 dan 28 days. The results showed that at early ages, the strength of concrete without fly ash cured at 25°C were higher than that of fly ash concrete. The higher level replacement of cement with fly ash, the lower strength of concrete obtained. The higher the curing temperature at earlier age resulted the higher the strength of concrete. The strength of concretes with 10% of fly ash cured at 25, 30 and 50°C at age three days were 15.111, 15.481 and 16.296 MPa respectively. Conversely, the strength of concrete that of cured at higher temperatures at ages 28 days, were lower than that of concretes cured at lower temperature. The results of this research also showed that fly ash could improve the workability of concrete.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925801001
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimization of Reinforced Concrete Column Using Android- based Mobile Application
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 02009-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 02009-
    Abstract: Reinforced concrete column has complicated calculations. Designer usually acts trial and error to get the optimum dimension and reinforcement according to the occurred loads. It takes long process and the result is not always be the most economical section. Nowadays smartphone with its various applications is very popular among societies. Besides being more flexible in place and time, smartphone has ease in operation and is commonly used by people. Hence, those advantages can be used to optimize reinforced concrete column quickly and accurately. The application named “C 2 App” (Concrete Column Application) had been created by accommodate regulation in Indonesia (SNI 2847:2013). Biaxial calculation used Bresler’s approach, while calculation of slender column applied Moment Magnification Method. The application is able to show interaction diagram, section drawing, and result tables. Moreover, the application was equipped with local database, and detailed calculations in pdf format to support the real project. Validation was done with computer-based software named CSiCol and ASDIP Concrete, whereas the optimization result was compared with other designs which used ACI Diagrams and Particle Swarm Optimization method. The application was pretty accurate and could provide a more economical section.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925802009
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    A study into flexural, compressive and tensile strength of coir-concrete as sustainable building material
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01011-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01011-
    Abstract: Coir has been known as a potential natural fiber for many sustainable construction material developments due to its wide availability and sustainable resource of coconut tree. This research study aims to investigate the flexural, compressive and tensile properties of concrete incorporating coir fiber and to find the fiber content which gives optimum results. In this study, coir concrete specimens were cast and tested with variations of fiber content of 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% by weight of aggregates. Flexural test was conducted based on SNI 4431:2011, compressive test was conducted based on SNI 1974:2011 and tensile test was conducted based on SNI 2491:2014. Slump tests and unit weight showed reduced values when fiber content was increased. Flexural, compressive and tensile strengths of coir-concrete at a 28-day curing were optimum for the variation with 0.25% fiber content. Compressive strength of control concrete at 28 days was approximately 23 MPa while BS-0.25 was 27.5 MPa. Flexural strength of control concrete was 5 MPa while BS-0.25 was 6 MPa. Tensile strength of control concrete was 3 MPa while BS-0.25 was 2.5 MPa. Results from the study showed that the presence of 0.25% fiber (by total weight of aggregate) in the concrete gives approximately 19% improvement in 28 days compressive strength and flexural strength.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925801011
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improving seismic behaviour of irregular building through double column and console beam application
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 05022-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 05022-
    Abstract: Recent years, the shape of building is getting sophisticated; otherwise the environmental load such as earthquake, wind, and wave cannot longer be neglected during analysis. Accommodating U-shaped building for analysis, we noticed the irregularity in both horizontal and vertical direction will create severe damages to the structure under the earthquake. In order to prevent destruction to the structural member, assigning dilatation is one possible way by utilizing double column or console beam system to break the irregularity of the building plan. During analysis, the model of non shear wall system is also built in order to compare the effectiveness between both systems. Strong evidence of double column system performance is less than console beam is answered from behavioural parameters of the both system under earthquake. Higher period, displacement and drift are peril for the double column system compare to console beam system application. Hence, console beam system is beneficially selected to solve irregularities in horizontal direction as the discontinuity of the load transfer is relatively small. Hereinafter, installing earthquake resistant system can be reconsidered after the dilatation was applied to strengthen certain direction which was marked as the weak axis of the building structure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925805022
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Adhesion characteristics of geopolymer mortar to concrete and rebars
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01012-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01012-
    Abstract: In recent years, geopolymers have gained a wide attention as highly ecological-friendly building materials, having a capability to cut down 70% of CO 2 emissions in comparison to the ordinary cement concrete. In this study, geopolymer mortars are proposed as repair materials for reinforced concrete structures, due to their superior acid resistance, heat resistance and high strength in comparison to the existing repair materials. The objective of this study is to investigate the adhesion properties of geopolymer mortars to concrete substrates with different surface treatments, steel plates and rebars. As a result, the geopolymer mortars are found to have excellent adhesion properties to dry concrete substrates, steel plates and rebars. Concrete substrates treated with grinder, further enhanced the adhesion properties of geopolymer mortars. On the other hand, poor adhesion of geopolymer mortars to wet concrete substrates was observed due to the presence of water on the interfacial zone, which decreased the alkali concentration of the geopolymer, resulting in lower adhesion strength. In general, geopolymer mortars are found to have suitable adhesion properties to the concrete substrates, steel plates and rebars and can be applied as repair materials for reinforced concrete structures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925801012
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Construction cleared land impact on air quality deterioration: quantification of soil borne dustfall and suspended particulate generation
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01016-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 01016-
    Abstract: Impact of land clearing during construction that generate dustfall and suspended particulate in ambient air is awfully obvious to observe. According to Indonesian standard as stipulated in Government Regulation (PP) no. 41/1999 pertaining to Air Pollution Control, dustfall and suspended particulate are two important parameters of ambient air quality. However, it remains a problem on how to predict the quantity of dustfall and suspended particulate that is potentially generated during construction land clearing due to lack of prediction method. In this research, a simple way to predict this number has been developed by applying mathematical expressions that are based on a series of laboratory and field experiments covering 15 soil types in Java and Sumatra Islands of Indonesia in 2013-2017. The mathematical formulas can now be implemented directly as a part of an environmental impact assessment, especially in the part of impact prediction of land clearing on air quality change. The formula consists of four parameters, i.e. soil types, local wind velocity, soil moisture content, and percentage of land cover. By inputting these four parameters in the mathematical equation simultaneously, one could directly obtain the quantity of dustfall and suspended particulate generation due to any human activity, such as construction land clearing. The quantity of the generated dustfall is expressed in [ton/km 2 /month], whereas the suspended particulate generation is expressed in [ug/Nm 3 ] in compliance with the national standard of air quality, i.e. PP No.41/1999. Currently, calculation of the generated dustfall and suspended particulate could be carried out faster and even simpler by using a programmed spreadsheet containing all equations, limitations and terms of conditions that have been compiled during the last five year research campaign.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925801016
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Structural analysis using three-component acceleration time histories caused by shallow crustal fault earthquakes with a maximum magnitude of 7 Mw
    EDP Sciences ; 2019
    In:  MATEC Web of Conferences Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 05029-
    Details
    In: MATEC Web of Conferences, EDP Sciences, Vol. 258 ( 2019), p. 05029-
    Abstract: Research on the improvement of Indonesian seismic hazard maps has already been carried out by the National Center for Earthquake Studies in 2017. One important global data obtained from this research related with all earthquake sources mechanism which might be used for building design and evaluation. Based on this research there are two important and closest earthquake sources to Semarang, Lasem fault (strike slip mechanism) and Semarang fault (reverse mechanism). This paper presents the dynamic structural evaluations of the hospital building (approximately 49 meters height) located in Semarang, Indonesia, by conducting two seismic load functions, two-component surface spectral acceleration (X and Y directions) developed from Indonesian Seismic Code SNI:1726-2012 and three-component (North-South, East-West and Vertical) of surface acceleration time histories. All acceleration time histories were modified from three earthquake events which represents Semarang fault earthquake scenarios and developed from earthquake events with magnitude from 6.3 to 6.9 Mw and the maximum distance of building to earthquake epicentre 15 Km. Based on the floor deformation and the drift ratio results calculated using dynamic analysis, the building is predicted has the capability on resisting earthquake scenarios up to a maximum magnitude 7 Mw with minimum epicentre distance 10 Km.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2261-236X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201925805029
    Language: English
    Publisher: EDP Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2673602-0
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