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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Esophageal Pressure and Clinical Assessments in the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Patients with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 22 ( 2021-11-12), p. 5262-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 22 ( 2021-11-12), p. 5262-
    Abstract: Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) might be associated with reflux symptoms, and its severity is correlated with the Reflux Symptoms Index. Diagnosis is often challenging because of a lack of accurate diagnostic tools. Although an association between LPRD and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) exists, the extent to which esophageal pressure changes in patients with LPRD with GERD has been unknown. Therefore, this study surveys the clinical assessments and extent of esophageal pressure changes in LRPD patients with various GERD severities, and compares esophageal sphincter pressures between ages, genders, and body mass index (BMI). This observational study assessed patients with LPRD and GERD. High-resolution esophageal manometry was used to gather data pertaining to the area pressure on the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and lower esophageal sphincter (LES), and the correlation between such pressure and symptom severity was determined. We compared the esophageal pressure of different UES and LES levels in the following categories: gender, age, BMI, and GERD severity. We analyzed correlations between esophageal pressure and clinical assessments among 90 patients with throat globus with laryngitis with LPRD. LPRD was measured using laryngoscopy, and GERD was measured using esophagoscopy and 24 h PH monitoring. There were no significant differences in the clinical assessments among the four grades of GERD. The LPRD patients with serious GERD had a lower UES and LES pressure. The lowest pressure and longer duration of LES and UES were also observed among patients with LPRD of grade D GERD. No significant differences in UES and LES pressures among ages, genders, or BMIs were noted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225262
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Autologous Fat Plus Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Autologous Fat Alone on Sulcus Vocalis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2022-01-29), p. 725-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 3 ( 2022-01-29), p. 725-
    Abstract: Sulcus vocalis is a frequent cause of glottic insufficiency that leads to incomplete vocal fold closure during phonation. Type II sulcus vocalis is defined as a partial defect of the lamina propria (LP). Treatment with fillers, such as fat or hyaluronic acid (HA), in the vocal folds is widely used, but the duration of effect is variable. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can enhance the survival of autologous fat in fat grafting, and also is used to treat sulcus vocalis. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of autologous fat graft versus fat graft plus PRP to treat type II sulcus vocalis. Thirty-four patients with a voice handicap index (VHI) ≥ 11 were randomized to two groups, which received LP injections of fat graft (n = 17) or fat graft plus PRP (n = 17). At 1 month and 6 months after injection, the VHI decreased significantly in both groups. The fat plus PRP group had better Jitter, Shimmer, and noise to harmonic ratio (NHR) in 1 month and 6 months after surgery. The fat plus PRP group resulted in lower VHI scores one month after surgery, and stroboscopy revealed sustained smaller gaps after six months. These results indicate that a combination of fat graft plus PRP is safe and effective for treating sulcus vocalis type II and associated vocal atrophy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030725
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Changes in the Severity of Deep Neck Infection Post-UPPP and Tonsillectomy in Patients with OSAS
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Life Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08-05), p. 1196-
    Details
    In: Life, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-08-05), p. 1196-
    Abstract: The main aim of this study is to compare the incidence rate and severity of deep neck infection (DNI) in patients post-UPPP+ T (uvulopalatopharyngoplasty plus tonsillectomy) and without UPPP+ T. We utilized the data derived from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2012. Patients who had undergone combined UPPP and tonsillectomy were selected using National Health Insurance (NHI) surgical order. Patients with DNI were selected using International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM) code. A logistic regression model was applied for risk analysis. There were 1574 patients in the UPPP+ T cohort, and 6,296 patients who did not undergo combined UPPP and tonsillectomy for the control group. Our analysis showed that patients with an obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) history constitute 76.1% (n = 1198) of the UPPP+ T cohort. Compared to the control group, there was no significantly increased incidence rate of DNI after UPPP+ T within 1–60 months. Patients undergoing combined UPPP and tonsillectomy had a lower intubation rate for DNI, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.47 (95% CI = 0.32–0.69). The combined UPPP and tonsillectomy does not increase the risk of DNI within 1–60 months. Furthermore, combined UPPP and tonsillectomy can reduce the severity for DNI by decreasing the intubation rate and length of hospitalization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/life12081196
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662250-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-term rare giant sialolithiasis for 30 years: A case report and review of literature
    Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. ; 2023
    In:  World Journal of Clinical Cases Vol. 11, No. 22 ( 2023-8-6), p. 5376-5384
    Details
    In: World Journal of Clinical Cases, Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., Vol. 11, No. 22 ( 2023-8-6), p. 5376-5384
    Abstract: In recent years, because of the growing desire to improve the noninvasiveness and safety of tumor treatments, sonodynamic therapy has gradually become a popular research topic. However, due to the complexity of the therapeutic process, the relevant mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. One of the widely accepted possibilities involves the effect of reactive oxygen species. In this review, the mechanism of reactive oxygen species production by sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and ways to enhance the sonodynamic production of reactive oxygen species are reviewed. Then, the clinical application and limitations of SDT are discussed. In conclusion, current research on sonodynamic therapy should focus on the development of sonosensitizers that efficiently produce active oxygen, exhibit biological safety, and promote the clinical transformation of sonodynamic therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2307-8960
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i22.5376
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2864414-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of Findings between Clinical Examinations and Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 17 ( 2020-08-19), p. 6041-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 17 ( 2020-08-19), p. 6041-
    Abstract: The Velum, Oropharynx, Tongue base and Epiglottis (VOTE) classification on drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is used widely for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, though research into comparative physical examinations with VOTE on DISE is still limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the findings of physical examinations and DISE in patients with OSA. Fifty-five patients with OSA were enrolled in this retrospective study. All of the patients received clinical explorations including a Brodsky classification, a modified Mallampati score (MMS), a modified Friedman’s staging system, and a Muller’s test. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy was further evaluated in the operating room. There were significant relationships between Brodsky classification, modified Friedman’s staging system, Muller’s test and oropharynx collapse during DISE (p 〈 0.05). Brodsky classification, MMS, modified Friedman’s staging system and retropalatal lateral-to-lateral (L–L) collapse of Muller’s test were significantly correlated with VOTE count (p 〈 0.05). The concordance between VOTE under DISE and Brodsky classification or modified Friedman’s staging system was moderate. In contrast, the concordance between VOTE under DISE and MMS or Muller’s test was slight. The study revealed that Brodsky classification and Friedman staging had a significant relationship with DISE on the velum and oropharynx, but the level of tongue base is uncertain between DISE and MMS. Correlation of awake evaluation of tongue base is still not correlated to the DISE findings. Pre-treatment evaluation of DISE is still warranted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176041
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ACE2 localizes to the respiratory cilia and is not increased by ACE inhibitors or ARBs
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Nature Communications Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2020-10-28)
    Details
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2020-10-28)
    Abstract: The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the ongoing severe acute respiratory disease pandemic COVID-19. Tissue and cellular tropism is one key to understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. We investigate the expression and subcellular localization of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), within the upper (nasal) and lower (pulmonary) respiratory tracts of human donors using a diverse panel of banked tissues. Here, we report our discovery that the ACE2 receptor protein robustly localizes within the motile cilia of airway epithelial cells, which likely represents the initial or early subcellular site of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry during host respiratory transmission. We further determine whether ciliary ACE2 expression in the upper airway is influenced by patient demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, or medication use, and show the first mechanistic evidence that the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) does not increase susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection through enhancing the expression of ciliary ACE2 receptor. These findings are crucial to our understanding of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 for prevention and control of this virulent pathogen.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19145-6
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chronic rhinosinusitis and premorbid autoimmune diseases: a population-based case–control study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-10-29)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2020-10-29)
    Abstract: Evidence shows that chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is associated with prior presence of autoimmune diseases; however, large-scale population-based studies in the literature are limited. We conducted a population-based case–control study investigating the association between CRS and premorbid autoimmune diseases by using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The CRS group included adult patients newly diagnosed with CRS between 2001 and 2013. The date of diagnosis was defined as the index date. The comparison group included individuals without CRS, with 1:4 frequency matching for gender, age, and index year. Premorbid diseases were forward traced to 1996. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. The CRS group consisted of 30,611 patients, and the comparison group consisted of 122,444 individuals. Patients with CRS had a higher significant association with premorbid autoimmune diseases (adjusted OR 1.39 [1.28–1.50] ). Specifically, patients with CRS had a higher significant association with ankylosing spondylitis, polymyositis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, sicca syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus (adjusted OR 1.49 [1.34–1.67], 3.47 [1.12–10.8] , 1.22 [1.04–1.43], 1.60 [1.31–1.96] , 2.10 [1.63–2.72], and 1.69 [1.26–2.25] ). In subgroup analysis, CRS with and without nasal polyps demonstrated a significant association with premorbid autoimmune diseases (adjusted OR 1.34 [1.14–1.58] and 1.50 [1.38–1.62] ). In addition, CRS with fungal and non-fungal infections also demonstrated a significant association with premorbid autoimmune diseases (adjusted OR 2.02 [1.72–2.49] and 1.39 [1.28–1.51] ). In conclusion, a significant association between CRS and premorbid autoimmune diseases has been identified. These underlying mechanisms need further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75815-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metformin Increases Survival in Hypopharyngeal Cancer Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Retrospective Cohort Study and Cell-Based Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Pharmaceuticals Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2021-02-26), p. 191-
    Details
    In: Pharmaceuticals, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2021-02-26), p. 191-
    Abstract: Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. Even after improvement of surgical techniques, chemotherapy, and radiation technology, the survival rate of HSCC remains poor. Metformin, which is commonly used for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), has been suggested to reduce the risk of various cancer types. However, only a few clinical studies mentioned the relationship between metformin use and HSCC. Hence, the aim of this study was to elucidate the specific effect and mechanism of action of metformin in hypopharyngeal cancer. We first assessed whether metformin use has an effect on hypopharyngeal cancer patients with DM by conducting a retrospective cohort study. Our results showed that DM hypopharyngeal cancer patients who used metformin exhibited significantly better overall survival rates than that without metformin treatment. The cell-based analysis further indicated that metformin treatment regulated p38/JNK pathway to reduce Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 expressions. In addition, metformin activated the pathways of AMPKα and MEK/ERK to phosphorylate p27(Thr198) and reduce mTOR phosphorylation in cells. These actions direct cells toward G1 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. Our results, through combining a clinical cohort analysis with an in vitro study, demonstrate that metformin can be used for drug repositioning in the treatment of DM patients with hypopharyngeal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8247
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ph14030191
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193542-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Combined Transoral Robotic Tongue Base Surgery and Palate Surgery in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: Modified Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty versus Barbed Reposition Pharyngoplasty
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 14 ( 2021-07-18), p. 3169-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 14 ( 2021-07-18), p. 3169-
    Abstract: Background: Successful surgery outcomes are limited to moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. Multilevel collapse at retropalatal and retroglossal areas is often found during the drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). Therefore, multilevel surgery is considered for these patients. The aim of our study was to survey surgical outcomes by modified uvulopalatoplasty (UPPP) plus transoral robotic surgery tongue base reduction (TORSTBR) versus barbed repositioning pharyngoplasty (BRP) plus TORSTBR. Methods: The retrospective cohort study was performed at a tertiary referral center. We collected moderate to severe OSA patients who were not tolerant to positive pressure assistant PAP from September 2016 to September 2019; pre-operative–operative Muller tests all showed retropalatal and retroglossal collapse; pre-operative Friedman Tongue Position (FTP) 〉 III, with the tonsils grade at grade II minimum, with simultaneous velum (V 〉 1) and tongue base (T 〉 1), collapsed by drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) under the VOTE grading system. The UPPP plus TORSTBR (n = 31) and BRP plus TORSTBR (n = 31) techniques were offered. We compare the outcomes using an Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) questionnaire, and measure the patients’ apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), lowest O2 saturation, cumulative time spent below 90% (CT90), and arousal index (AI) by polysomnography six months after surgery; we also measure their length of hospital stay and complications between these two groups. Results: Comparing BRP plus TORSTBR with UPPP plus TORSTBR, the surgical success rate is 67.74% and 38.71%, respectively. The significantly higher surgical success rate in the BRP plus TORSTBR group was noted. The surgical time is shorter in the BRP plus TORSTBR group. The complication rate is not significant in pain, bleeding, dysgeusia, dysphagia, globus sensation, and prolonged suture stay, even though the BRP plus TORSTBR rendered a higher percentage of globus sensation during swallowing and a more prevalent requirement of suture removal one month after surgery. The length of hospital stay is not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, BRP plus TORSTBR is a considerable therapy for moderate to severe OSA patients with DISE showing a multi-level collapse in velum and tongue base area. The BRP technique might offer a better anterior–posterior suspension vector for palate level obstruction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143169
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-term rare giant sialolithiasis for 30 years: A case report and review of literature
    Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. ; 2023
    In:  World Journal of Clinical Cases Vol. 11, No. 22 ( 2023-8-6), p. 5382-5390
    Details
    In: World Journal of Clinical Cases, Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., Vol. 11, No. 22 ( 2023-8-6), p. 5382-5390
    Abstract: In recent years, because of the growing desire to improve the noninvasiveness and safety of tumor treatments, sonodynamic therapy has gradually become a popular research topic. However, due to the complexity of the therapeutic process, the relevant mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. One of the widely accepted possibilities involves the effect of reactive oxygen species. In this review, the mechanism of reactive oxygen species production by sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and ways to enhance the sonodynamic production of reactive oxygen species are reviewed. Then, the clinical application and limitations of SDT are discussed. In conclusion, current research on sonodynamic therapy should focus on the development of sonosensitizers that efficiently produce active oxygen, exhibit biological safety, and promote the clinical transformation of sonodynamic therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2307-8960
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i22.5382
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2864414-1
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