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  • Schneider, E. C.  (2)
  • Swan, J. B.  (2)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estimating Corn Growth, Yield, and Grain Moisture from Air Growing Degree Days and Residue Cover 1
    Wiley ; 1987
    In:  Agronomy Journal Vol. 79, No. 1 ( 1987-01), p. 53-60
    Details
    In: Agronomy Journal, Wiley, Vol. 79, No. 1 ( 1987-01), p. 53-60
    Abstract: Low spring soil temperatures commonly restrict the early growth of corn ( Zea mays L.) in the northern Corn Belt. A quantitative assessment of the effects of tillage and residue management practices on soil temperature would improve tillage recommendations in this region. The effect of tillage and surface residue cover on seedbed soil temperatures and subsequent corn growth were studied at four sites in the northern Corn Belt that differed widely in soil characteristics including drainage, texture, slope, and organic matter content. Tillage systems included no‐tillage, chisel plow, moldboard plow, paraplow, ridge plant, and wheeltrack plant. A wide range of surface residue cover was imposed on each system at three sites. Corn emergence and leaf number to the six‐leaf stage were closely related to percent in‐row cover and air temperature growing degree days (air GDD) through their mutual relationship to soil temperature growing degree days (soil GDD) at all sites. For a given site and year, percent in‐row cover following planting was the major factor affecting corn growth rate until the six‐leaf stage. Corn planted under high percent residue cover required more time and consequently more air GDD to reach the six‐leaf stage. This added time represents a growth delay that can be expressed as the additional air GDD required to reach the six‐leaf stage. Such delays were related to increased grain moisture and decreased corn grain yield when net cumulative air GDD were less than the threshold value of 1319 and water stress was minimal. In‐row residue cover due to tillage and previous crop can have a major impact on the growth and development of corn in the northern Corn Belt. These factors should be considered in selecting tillage systems in this region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-1962 , 1435-0645
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2134/agronj1987.00021962007900010012x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1987
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471598-3
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Planting Depth and Tillage Interactions on Corn Emergence
    Wiley ; 1988
    In:  Soil Science Society of America Journal Vol. 52, No. 4 ( 1988-07), p. 1122-1127
    Details
    In: Soil Science Society of America Journal, Wiley, Vol. 52, No. 4 ( 1988-07), p. 1122-1127
    Abstract: Surface crop residues lower soil temperatures delaying emergence of corn ( Zea mays L.) under no‐till tillage systems in the northern Corn Belt. This study evaluates the use of planting depth as a management tool to overcome the disadvantages of cool temperature under residue covered soils. Growth chamber experiments evaluated the effects of planting depths, ranges of soil temperatures, and soil matric potentials on corn emergence. The seeding medium was aggregates of Webster clay loam (fine‐loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Haplaquolls). Deep planting (75 mm) delayed emergence from 2.8 to 18 d as the soil temperatures decreased from ranges of 15 to 25 °C and 5 to 15 ° C. Seed zone growing degree days (GDD) needed to achieve 75% emergence increased with an increase in planting depth and a decrease in soil matric potential. Relationships of corn emergence vs. seed zone GDD needed to achieve 75% corn emergence at various planting depths were tested in the field for three planting depths, three tillage and three surface residue conditions during 1984 and 1985. Predicted time to 75% corn emergence was within 2 d of the field‐measured values for three planting depths, and seven tillage and surface residue conditions, over two seasons. Simulation studies were conducted to predict the effects of tillage, planting depth, and planting date on the probability of obtaining 75% corn emergence within 14 d of planting. Input data for simulation studies included 10 to 20 yr of daily maximum and minimum air temperatures from Morris, MN and Lexington, KY. Tillage treatments included moldboard plow, no surface residue, and no‐till surface residues. Reducing the planting depth from 50 to 25 mm advanced the planting date from 2 d to several weeks, depending on the weather, soil matric potential, and tillage‐surface residue conditions. When soil water is nonlimiting, the effect of cooler temperatures on corn emergence under a no‐till tillage system (with surface residues) can be compensated for by reducing the planting depth by 25 mm or less from that of average planting depth under conventional tillage systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-5995 , 1435-0661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200040043x
    RVK:
    RA 4845
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1988
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 241415-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2239747-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 196788-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481691-X
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 21
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    Online Resource
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