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  • Schmidt, C.  (7)
  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Identical and Nonidentical Twins: Risk and Factors Involved in Development of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes
    American Diabetes Association ; 2019
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 2019-02-01), p. 192-199
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 2019-02-01), p. 192-199
    Kurzfassung: There are variable reports of risk of concordance for progression to islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes in identical twins after one twin is diagnosed. We examined development of positive autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes and the effects of genetic factors and common environment on autoantibody positivity in identical twins, nonidentical twins, and full siblings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects from the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study (N = 48,026) were screened from 2004 to 2015 for islet autoantibodies (GAD antibody [GADA], insulinoma-associated antigen 2 [IA-2A] , and autoantibodies against insulin [IAA]). Of these subjects, 17,226 (157 identical twins, 283 nonidentical twins, and 16,786 full siblings) were followed for autoantibody positivity or type 1 diabetes for a median of 2.1 years. RESULTS At screening, identical twins were more likely to have positive GADA, IA-2A, and IAA than nonidentical twins or full siblings (all P & lt; 0.0001). Younger age, male sex, and genetic factors were significant factors for expression of IA-2A, IAA, one or more positive autoantibodies, and two or more positive autoantibodies (all P ≤ 0.03). Initially autoantibody-positive identical twins had a 69% risk of diabetes by 3 years compared with 1.5% for initially autoantibody-negative identical twins. In nonidentical twins, type 1 diabetes risk by 3 years was 72% for initially multiple autoantibody–positive, 13% for single autoantibody–positive, and 0% for initially autoantibody-negative nonidentical twins. Full siblings had a 3-year type 1 diabetes risk of 47% for multiple autoantibody–positive, 12% for single autoantibody–positive, and 0.5% for initially autoantibody-negative subjects. CONCLUSIONS Risk of type 1 diabetes at 3 years is high for initially multiple and single autoantibody–positive identical twins and multiple autoantibody–positive nonidentical twins. Genetic predisposition, age, and male sex are significant risk factors for development of positive autoantibodies in twins.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0288
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: American Diabetes Association
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 1490520-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Energy dependence of coherent photonuclear production of J/ψ mesons in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{{\textrm{s}}_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ = 5.02 TeV
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Journal of High Energy Physics Vol. 2023, No. 10 ( 2023-10-20)
    Details
    In: Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 2023, No. 10 ( 2023-10-20)
    Kurzfassung: The cross section for coherent photonuclear production of J/ ψ is presented as a function of the electromagnetic dissociation (EMD) of Pb. The measurement is performed with the ALICE detector in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $$ \sqrt{{\textrm{s}}_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ s NN = 5.02 TeV. Cross sections are presented in five different J/ ψ rapidity ranges within | y | 〈 4, with the J/ ψ reconstructed via its dilepton decay channels. In some events the J/ ψ is not accompanied by EMD, while other events do produce neutrons from EMD at beam rapidities either in one or the other beam direction, or in both. The cross sections in a given rapidity range and for different configurations of neutrons from EMD allow for the extraction of the energy dependence of this process in the range 17 〈 W γ Pb , n 〈 920 GeV, where W γ Pb , n is the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon of the γ Pb system. This range corresponds to a Bjorken- x interval spanning about three orders of magnitude: 1.1 × 10 − 5 〈 x 〈 3.3 × 10 − 2 . In addition to the ultra-peripheral and photonuclear cross sections, the nuclear suppression factor is obtained. These measurements point to a strong depletion of the gluon distribution in Pb nuclei over a broad, previously unexplored, energy range. These results, together with previous ALICE measurements, provide unprecedented information to probe quantum chromodynamics at high energies.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1029-8479
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/JHEP10(2023)119
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2027350-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Measurements of long-range two-particle correlation over a wide pseudorapidity range in p–Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ = 5.02 TeV
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2024
    In:  Journal of High Energy Physics Vol. 2024, No. 1 ( 2024-01-31)
    Details
    In: Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 2024, No. 1 ( 2024-01-31)
    Kurzfassung: Correlations in azimuthal angle extending over a long range in pseudorapidity between particles, usually called the “ridge” phenomenon, were discovered in heavy-ion collisions, and later found in pp and p–Pb collisions. In large systems, they are thought to arise from the expansion (collective flow) of the produced particles. Extending these measurements over a wider range in pseudorapidity and final-state particle multiplicity is important to understand better the origin of these long-range correlations in small collision systems. In this Letter, measurements of the long-range correlations in p–Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ s NN = 5 . 02 TeV are extended to a pseudorapidity gap of ∆ η ~ 8 between particles using the ALICE forward multiplicity detectors. After suppressing non-flow correlations, e.g., from jet and resonance decays, the ridge structure is observed to persist up to a very large gap of ∆ η ~ 8 for the first time in p–Pb collisions. This shows that the collective flow-like correlations extend over an extensive pseudorapidity range also in small collision systems such as p–Pb collisions. The pseudorapidity dependence of the second-order anisotropic flow coefficient, v 2 ( η ), is extracted from the long-range correlations. The v 2 ( η ) results are presented for a wide pseudorapidity range of –3 . 1 〈 η 〈 4 . 8 in various centrality classes in p–Pb collisions. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the source of anisotropic flow in small collision systems, the v 2 ( η ) measurements are compared with hydrodynamic and transport model calculations. The comparison suggests that the final-state interactions play a dominant role in developing the anisotropic flow in small collision systems.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1029-8479
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/JHEP01(2024)199
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publikationsdatum: 2024
    ZDB Id: 2027350-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
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    Inclusive and multiplicity dependent production of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in pp and p-Pb collisions
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Journal of High Energy Physics Vol. 2023, No. 8 ( 2023-08-02)
    Details
    In: Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 2023, No. 8 ( 2023-08-02)
    Kurzfassung: Measurements of the production of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV at midrapidity with the ALICE detector are presented down to a transverse momentum ( p T ) of 0.2 GeV/ c and up to p T = 35 GeV/ c , which is the largest momentum range probed for inclusive electron measurements in ALICE. In p-Pb collisions, the production cross section and the nuclear modification factor of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays are measured in the p T range 0 . 5 〈 p T 〈 26 GeV/ c at $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ s NN = 8 . 16 TeV. The nuclear modification factor is found to be consistent with unity within the statistical and systematic uncertainties. In both collision systems, first measurements of the yields of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in different multiplicity intervals normalised to the multiplicity-integrated yield (self-normalised yield) at midrapidity are reported as a function of the self-normalised charged-particle multiplicity estimated at midrapidity. The self-normalised yields in pp and p-Pb collisions grow faster than linear with the self-normalised multiplicity. A strong p T dependence is observed in pp collisions, where the yield of high- p T electrons increases faster as a function of multiplicity than the one of low- p T electrons. The measurement in p-Pb collisions shows no p T dependence within uncertainties. The self-normalised yields in pp and p-Pb collisions are compared with measurements of other heavy-flavour, light-flavour, and strange particles, and with Monte Carlo simulations.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1029-8479
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/JHEP08(2023)006
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2027350-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Inclusive photon production at forward rapidities in pp and p–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{{{s}}_{\textrm{NN}}}={5.02}$$ TeV
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  The European Physical Journal C Vol. 83, No. 7 ( 2023-07-25)
    Details
    In: The European Physical Journal C, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 83, No. 7 ( 2023-07-25)
    Kurzfassung: A study of multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of inclusive photons measured in pp and p–Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon collision of $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}~=~5.02$$ s NN = 5.02  TeV using the ALICE detector in the forward pseudorapidity region 2.3  $$ 〈 ~\eta _\textrm{lab} ~ 〈 $$ 〈 η lab 〈  3.9 is presented. Measurements in p–Pb collisions are reported for two beam configurations in which the directions of the proton and lead ion beam were reversed. The pseudorapidity distributions in p–Pb collisions are obtained for seven centrality classes which are defined based on different event activity estimators, i.e., the charged-particle multiplicity measured at midrapidity as well as the energy deposited in a calorimeter at beam rapidity. The inclusive photon multiplicity distributions for both pp and p–Pb collisions are described by double negative binomial distributions. The pseudorapidity distributions of inclusive photons are compared to those of charged particles at midrapidity in pp collisions and for different centrality classes in p–Pb collisions. The results are compared to predictions from various Monte Carlo event generators. None of the generators considered in this paper reproduces the inclusive photon multiplicity distributions in the reported multiplicity range. The pseudorapidity distributions are, however, better described by the same generators.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11729-y
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 1397769-6
    ZDB Id: 1459069-4
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Charged-particle production as a function of the relative transverse activity classifier in pp, p–Pb, and Pb–Pb collisions at the LHC
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2024
    In:  Journal of High Energy Physics Vol. 2024, No. 1 ( 2024-01-11)
    Details
    In: Journal of High Energy Physics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 2024, No. 1 ( 2024-01-11)
    Kurzfassung: Measurements of charged-particle production in pp, p–Pb, and Pb–Pb collisions in the toward, away, and transverse regions with the ALICE detector are discussed. These regions are defined event-by-event relative to the azimuthal direction of the charged trigger particle, which is the reconstructed particle with the largest transverse momentum $$ \left({p}_{\textrm{T}}^{\textrm{trig}}\right) $$ p T trig in the range 8 〈 $$ {p}_{\textrm{T}}^{\textrm{trig}} $$ p T trig 〈 15 GeV /c . The toward and away regions contain the primary and recoil jets, respectively; both regions are accompanied by the underlying event (UE). In contrast, the transverse region perpendicular to the direction of the trigger particle is dominated by the so-called UE dynamics, and includes also contributions from initial- and final-state radiation. The relative transverse activity classifier, $$ {R}_{\textrm{T}}={N}_{\textrm{ch}}^{\textrm{T}}/\left\langle {N}_{\textrm{ch}}^{\textrm{T}}\right\rangle $$ R T = N ch T / N ch T , is used to group events according to their UE activity, where $$ {N}_{\textrm{ch}}^{\textrm{T}} $$ N ch T is the charged-particle multiplicity per event in the transverse region and $$ \left\langle {N}_{\textrm{ch}}^{\textrm{T}}\right\rangle $$ N ch T is the mean value over the whole analysed sample. The energy dependence of the R T distributions in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ s = 2 . 76, 5.02, 7, and 13 TeV is reported, exploring the Koba-Nielsen-Olesen (KNO) scaling properties of the multiplicity distributions. The first measurements of charged-particle p T spectra as a function of R T in the three azimuthal regions in pp, p–Pb, and Pb–Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ s NN = 5 . 02 TeV are also reported. Data are compared with predictions obtained from the event generators PYTHIA 8 and EPOS LHC. This set of measurements is expected to contribute to the understanding of the origin of collective-like effects in small collision systems (pp and p–Pb).
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1029-8479
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/JHEP01(2024)056
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publikationsdatum: 2024
    ZDB Id: 2027350-2
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Online-Ressource
    Accessing the strong interaction between Λ baryons and charged kaons with the femtoscopy technique at the LHC
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Physics Letters B Vol. 845 ( 2023-10), p. 138145-
    Details
    In: Physics Letters B, Elsevier BV, Vol. 845 ( 2023-10), p. 138145-
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2023.138145
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 1466612-1
    ZDB Id: 208866-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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