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  • 1
    In: Climatic Change, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 1993-4), p. 293-335
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0165-0009 , 1573-1480
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1993
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Meteorological Society ; 1994
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 1994-01), p. 44-55
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 1994-01), p. 44-55
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 1994
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 1994
    In:  Chemosphere Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 1994-9), p. 1087-1097
    In: Chemosphere, Elsevier BV, Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 1994-9), p. 1087-1097
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0045-6535
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1994
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1991
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 96, No. D11 ( 1991-11-20), p. 20869-20878
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 96, No. D11 ( 1991-11-20), p. 20869-20878
    Abstract: In four different cases of extensive forest fire smoke the surface temperature effects were determined under the smoke cloud. In all cases, daytime cooling and no nighttime effects were found. The locations of smoke clouds from extensive forest fires in western Canada in 1981 and 1982, in northern China and Siberia in 1987, and in Yellowstone National Park in northwestern Wyoming in 1988 were determined from satellite imagery. As these smoke clouds passed over the midwestern United States for the Canadian and Yellow‐stone fires and over Alaska for the Chinese/Siberian fires, surface air temperature effects were determined by comparing actual surface air temperatures with those forecast by model output statistics (MOS) of the United States National Weather Service. MOS error fields corresponding to the smoke cloud locations showed day‐time cooling of 1.5° to 7°C under the smoke but no nighttime effects. These results correspond to theoretical estimates of the effects of smoke, and they serve as observational confirmation of a portion of the nuclear winter theory. This also implies that smoke from biomass burning can have a daytime cooling effect of a few degrees over seasonal time scales. In order to properly simulate the present climate with a numerical climate model in regions of regular burning it may be necessary to include this smoke effect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1991
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1992
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 97, No. D16 ( 1992-11-20), p. 18185-18193
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 97, No. D16 ( 1992-11-20), p. 18185-18193
    Abstract: To understand better the annual cycles of atmospheric humidity, radiosonde data were used to create climatologies of temperature, dew point, relative humidity, and precipitable water in the lower troposphere for 56 locations around the world for the period 1973–1990. On the basis of the annual ranges of relative humidity at the surface and at the 850, 700, and 500 mbar levels and the ratio of the annual maximum to minimum surface to 500‐mbar precipitable water, we have defined five humidity regimes: (1) middle‐ and high‐latitude continental, (2) middle‐ and high‐latitude oceanic, (3) midlatitude monsoon, (4) tropical oceanic, and (5) tropical monsoon. For each regime we describe the annual cycles of temperature and humidity variables and discuss phase relationships among them. Relative humidity ranges are small in the first two regimes, where precipitable water and temperature vary in phase. Relative humidity ranges in the other three regimes are moderate to large, and in the tropics the annual march of horizontal moisture advection and vertical convection, not temperature, controls seasonal humidity variations. These results suggest that the assumption of constant relative humidity made in some climate models is not always justified and that precipitable water is not a strong function of temperature in the tropics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1992
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 1994
    In:  Climatic Change Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 1994-1), p. 105-108
    In: Climatic Change, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 1994-1), p. 105-108
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0165-0009 , 1573-1480
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1994
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    SSG: 14
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1992
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 19, No. 18 ( 1992-09-23), p. 1839-1842
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 19, No. 18 ( 1992-09-23), p. 1839-1842
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1992
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1992
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 19, No. 24 ( 1992-12-24), p. 2405-2408
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 19, No. 24 ( 1992-12-24), p. 2405-2408
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1992
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Informa UK Limited ; 1991
    In:  Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Vol. 47, No. 2 ( 1991-03), p. 41-45
    In: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 47, No. 2 ( 1991-03), p. 41-45
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0096-3402 , 1938-3282
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 1991
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046884-2
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