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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Physical Society (APS) ; 2004
    In:  Physical Review Letters Vol. 92, No. 18 ( 2004-5-7)
    In: Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society (APS), Vol. 92, No. 18 ( 2004-5-7)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-9007 , 1079-7114
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472655-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 208853-8
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emerald ; 2012
    In:  Sensor Review Vol. 32, No. 1 ( 2012-01-20), p. 47-58
    In: Sensor Review, Emerald, Vol. 32, No. 1 ( 2012-01-20), p. 47-58
    Abstract: Due to the environmental conditions, the detection and identification of hazardous situations in coal mines is a challenge. The purpose of this research is to focus on the underground fire detection, especially of smoldering fires, which are characterized by the outgassing of CO and C2H4. Design/methodology/approach The study developed a system based on a single semiconductor gas sensor and sensors for relative humidity and temperature. With a high‐dynamic‐range hardware control and data acquisition platform a commercial semiconductor gas sensor is operated with an application‐optimized temperature cycle to improve stability and selectivity. Findings A hierarchical evaluation strategy not only allows identification of smoldering fires signified by CO and C2H4 with a ratio of 100:1, but is also suitable for separating or quantifying typical interfering compounds such as CH4, CO, NOX or H2 thus helping to avoid costly false alarms. After promising laboratory pre‐tests, a system was built for field tests including test gases and re‐calibration algorithms. Currently the authors are working on a self‐monitoring strategy based on redundant data from impedance spectroscopy to improve the stability of the system. Originality/value This approach allows detection of C2H4 at sub‐ppm concentrations even in the presence of CH4 at levels up to 1 percent with only a single gas sensor. The system achieves classification reproducibility as well as robustness allowing the development of a cost‐efficient under‐ground fire detection system. The novel self‐monitoring strategy will further improve the reliability of the system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0260-2288
    Language: English
    Publisher: Emerald
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477376-4
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Vacuum Society ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2001-05-01), p. 922-929
    In: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, American Vacuum Society, Vol. 19, No. 3 ( 2001-05-01), p. 922-929
    Abstract: Titanium aluminum nitride films (Ti1−xAlxN) have been deposited by reactive magnetron cosputtering. Elemental compositions of these films have been determined by core level photoelectron spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy reveals a columnar film growth. This is also reflected by the topography of film surfaces as studied by atomic force microscopy. By x-ray diffraction a crystalline atomic structure is revealed. Single phase samples can be obtained, consisting of the substitutional solid solution (Ti, Al)N. Crystallites show preferential orientation. The optical properties of these films have been investigated by spectrophotometry in the UV-VIS-NIR wavelength range. Depending on the elemental composition, the optical constants vary from metallic to dielectric behavior. For film compositions with x & lt;0.5 typical features are a tunable transmission maximum and reflection minimum in the visible spectral range, a high infrared reflection, and a low infrared absorption. Due to these optical properties, Ti1−xAlxN films are promising candidates for applications such as coatings for solar control windows and optical selective solar absorbers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0734-2101 , 1520-8559
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Vacuum Society
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475424-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 797704-9
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