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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Zanthoxylum rhetsa Grown in Son La, Northwest Vietnam
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Food Quality Vol. 2021 ( 2021-7-12), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Journal of Food Quality, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-7-12), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Essential oils (EOs) from the stem barks, leaf petioles, fruit petioles, fresh leaves, and fresh and dried fruits of Zanthoxylum rhetsa were extracted by hydrodistillation. The volatile compounds of the products were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MSD). Monoterpene hydrocarbons formed the predominant fraction of all six EO samples, of which sabinene is one of the major components (from 12.37% to 41.13%). For the leaf petiole EO, limonene (25.01%), sabinene (14.56%), and linalool (12.63%) are the major constituents, while the main constituents of fruit petiole EO were terpinolene (19.66%), terpinen-4-ol (19.07%), and sabinene (17.83%). The major components of stem bark EO are terpinen-4-ol (18.23%), sabinene (12.37%), α-phellandrene (7.34%), β-phellandrene (6.32%), and γ-terpinene (6.12%), while sabinene (38.35%), terpinen-4-ol (13.71%), γ-terpinene (6.47%), and limonene (6.02%) are the major constituents of fresh leaf EO. For the EOs of dried fruits and fresh fruits, sabinene, terpinolene, limonene, and terpinen-4-ol are the major constituents. The essential oils were also tested for their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. The results revealed that six EOs at concentrations of 50 μg/mL exhibited inhibitory activity against at least one tested cancer cell line but were nontoxic on Vero normal cells. Most EOs showed moderate antimicrobial activity against F. oxysporum; however, there were no obvious activity against B. subtilis and S. aureus.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1745-4557 , 0146-9428
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/9922283
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175284-9
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  • 2
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    A low-cost, flexible extruder for liposomes synthesis and application for Murrayafoline A delivery for cancer treatment
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Biomaterials Applications Vol. 37, No. 5 ( 2022-11), p. 872-880
    Details
    In: Journal of Biomaterials Applications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 37, No. 5 ( 2022-11), p. 872-880
    Abstract: Liposomal encapsulation is a drug delivery strategy with many advantages, such as improved bioavailability, ability to carry large drug loads, as well as controllability and specificity towards various targeted diseased tissues. Currently, most preparation techniques require an additional extrusion or filtering step to obtain monodisperse liposomes with the size of less than 100 nm. In this study, a compact liposome extruder was designed at a cost of $4.00 and used to synthesize liposome suspensions with defined particle size and high homogeneity for Murrayafoline A (Mu-A) loading and release. The synthesized MuA-loaded liposomes displayed a biphasic drug release and remained stable under the storage condition of 4°C. They also significantly reduced the viability of HepG2 cells in the cancer spheroids by 25%. The low-cost, flexible liposome extruder would allow the researchers to study liposomes and their applications in a cost-effective manner.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-3282 , 1530-8022
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/08853282221112491
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2072559-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Fabrication of a Low-Cost Microfluidic Device for High-Throughput Drug Testing on Static and Dynamic Cancer Spheroid Culture Models
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2023-04-11), p. 1394-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 8 ( 2023-04-11), p. 1394-
    Abstract: Drug development is a complex and expensive process from new drug discovery to product approval. Most drug screening and testing rely on in vitro 2D cell culture models; however, they generally lack in vivo tissue microarchitecture and physiological functionality. Therefore, many researchers have used engineering methods, such as microfluidic devices, to culture 3D cells in dynamic conditions. In this study, a simple and low-cost microfluidic device was fabricated using Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA), a widely available material, and the total cost of the completed device was USD 17.75. Dynamic and static cell culture examinations were applied to monitor the growth of 3D cells. α-MG-loaded GA liposomes were used as the drug to test cell viability in 3D cancer spheroids. Two cell culture conditions (i.e., static and dynamic) were also used in drug testing to simulate the effect of flow on drug cytotoxicity. Results from all assays showed that with the velocity of 0.005 mL/min, cell viability was significantly impaired to nearly 30% after 72 h in a dynamic culture. This device is expected to improve in vitro testing models, reduce and eliminate unsuitable compounds, and select more accurate combinations for in vivo testing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13081394
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 4
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    Synthesis of glycyrrhetinic acid-modified liposomes to deliver Murrayafoline A for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Vol. 33, No. 10 ( 2022-10-04)
    Details
    In: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 33, No. 10 ( 2022-10-04)
    Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common type of cancer associated with a high mortality rate. Among several bioactive compounds, Murrayafoline A (MuA) has been proved as a bio substance that exhibits great potentials in treating liver cancer. In order to overcome the high cytotoxicity and low solubility of MuA, a delivery system based on nanocarriers is necessary to deliver MuA towards the desired target. In the present study, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), which is known as a ligand for liver targeting, was used to construct the cholesterol-poly (ethylene glycol)-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA-PEG-Chol) conjugate and liposome for MuA administration. The compound was then examined for therapeutic efficacy and safety in HUVEC and HepG2 cells in 2D and 3D cell cultures. Results have shown that MuA-loaded liposomes had IC 50 value of 2 µM in HepG2 and had the cytosolic absorption of 8.83 ± 0.97 ng/10 5 cells, while The IC50 value of MuA-loaded liposomes in HUVEC cell lines was 15 µM and the the cytosolic absorption was recorded as 3.62 ± 0.61 cells. The drug test on the 3D cancer sphere platform of the HepG2 cancer sphere showed that MuA-loaded GA liposomes had the highest efficacy at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. In short, these results suggest that MuA-loaded GA liposomes have the potential for maintenance drug delivery and liver targeting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10856-022-06692-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016995-4
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Purification Process of Mangiferin from Mangifera indica L. Leaves and Evaluation of Its Bioactivities
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Processes Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2021-05-12), p. 852-
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2021-05-12), p. 852-
    Abstract: Mangiferin (C19H18O11) is a C-glucoside xanthone that is mainly found in the leaves of mango (Mangifera indica L). The compound has been recognized for several pharmacological values, including antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Therefore, the present study aims to utilize the old leaves of mango as a potential source for mangiferin extraction and purification, and evaluate its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. In the present study, mangiferin was extracted from a local variety of mango leaves using ultrasonic-assisted extraction methods and ethanol as the extraction solvent. The crude ethanolic extract of mangiferin was then purified by the liquid–liquid fractionation method with dichloromethane and ethyl acetate, then further separated by HPLC. The crude extract, ethyl acetate fractions and purified mangiferin were investigated for anti-microorganism activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Aspergillus flavus by using the paper disc diffusion assay. The results have shown that the extraction efficiency was 14.17%. The obtained mangiferin was 1.97 g of content and 94.2% of purity. The oxidation resistance of purified mangiferin was 1.77 times higher than the crude extract and 1.05 times higher than the standard mangiferin (IC50 = 13.841 μg/mL). However, the purified mangiferin has shown no inhibitory action against the experimental strains of microorganisms. The findings from the present study suggest an effective scheme of extraction and purification to obtain mangiferin from the local variety of mango with high purity and antioxidant potential.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr9050852
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720994-5
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Optimization of Total Saponin Extraction from Polyscias fruticosa Roots Using the Ultrasonic-Assisted Method and Response Surface Methodology
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Processes Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2022-10-08), p. 2034-
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2022-10-08), p. 2034-
    Abstract: Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms is commonly used for medicinal purposes in Vietnam. In traditional medicine, the plant is used to cure ischemia, reduce inflammation, and increase cerebral blood circulation. Triterpene saponins are the major chemical constituents found in the roots of P. fruticosa. This compound exhibited a broad spectrum of biological effects, including lowering blood sugar, suppressing tumor growth and inflammation. This study focused on optimizing the process of total saponins extraction from P. fruticosa roots using the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) method, ethanol solvent and response surface methodology, and Box–Behnken design model, then evaluating the cytotoxic effect against some cancer cell lines. The results showed that under the optimal conditions, including an extraction temperature of 60 °C and ultrasonic power of 185 W in 65 min, the maximum extraction yield and total saponin content were 14.51 ± 1.15% and 41.24 ± 1.68 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, the saponin extract had cytotoxic effects against A549, HepG2, PC-3, and Hela. The results of this study confirmed that triterpene saponin is an important chemical component which is present in a high content in P. fruticosa roots and gives rise to significant biological activities. In addition, UAE can be used as a highly efficient method for triterpene saponins extraction from P. fruticosa roots.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr10102034
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720994-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimization of canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of Paracoccus carotinifacuens VTP20181 bacteria strain isolated in Vietnam
    Kemerovo State University ; 2021
    In:  Foods and Raw Materials Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2021-04-20), p. 117-125
    Details
    In: Foods and Raw Materials, Kemerovo State University, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2021-04-20), p. 117-125
    Abstract: Introduction. The bacterium strain Paracoccus carotinifaciens VTP20181 isolated in Vietnam produces canthaxanthin, a carotenoid widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this work was to determine optimal parameters for canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of P. carotinifaciens VTP20181. Study objects and methods. First, a series of single factor investigations were carried out in regard to maximal carotenoid content in the biomass extract obtained by using ultrasonic waves. Four parameters of the extraction process, such as extraction temperature, solvent/material ratio, extraction time, and ultrasonic output power, were studied. The obtained results were then optimized by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken experimental design. Results and discussion. The optimal technological parameters of the extraction process included extraction temperature of 35°C, solvent/material ratio of 9.5:1 (v/w), extraction time of 90 min, and ultrasonic output power of 145 W. Under optimal conditions, canthaxanthin and total carotenoid contents were determined as 14.95 ± 0.12 and 18.21 ± 0.11 mg/g respectively, which were compatible with theoretical calculations ‒ 15.074 and 18.263 mg/g, respectively. Conclusion. Current results confirmed that the strain of halophilic P. carotinifaciens VTP20181 is a potential source for canthaxanthin biosynthesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2308-4057 , 2310-9599
    Uniform Title: Optimization of canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of Paracoccus carotinifacuens VTP20181 bacteria strain isolated in Vietnam
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2021-1
    DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2021-1-117-125
    Language: English , Russian
    Publisher: Kemerovo State University
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2812885-0
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Fabrication of a Charge-Conversion Polymer—Liposome for Enhancing Endosomal Escape of Drug Delivery System for α–Mangostin
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Processes Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2023-08-04), p. 2344-
    Details
    In: Processes, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2023-08-04), p. 2344-
    Abstract: α–Mangostin, which is a natural xanthone compound, inhibits the metastasis and survival of various cancer cell types. However, its therapeutic effectiveness is limited by low water solubility and very poor absorption. There are several studies that developed the drug delivery system for α–mangostin, but they are still a remaining challenge. Drug delivery techniques are severely hampered by the breakdown of nanoparticles inside endosomes. The abrasive chemical environment in these compartments causes both the nanoparticles and the encapsulated α–mangostin to degrade throughout the course of the voyage. Intracellular defenses against external materials refer to this collective mechanism. A pH-responsive liposome named PAsp(DET-Cit)–Toc, made of lipids and a charge-conversion polymer (CCP), has been created for the targeted transport of α–mangostin in order to avoid this deteriorative outcome. The average hydrodynamic size of CCP–liposome particles is 98.59 ± 5.1 nm with a PDI of 0.098 ± 0.02 and a negative zeta potential of 22.31 ± 2.4 mV. TEM showed the shape of the spherical CCP–liposomes. α–Mangostin is successfully captured inside CCP–liposome and the loading yield reached the highest encapsulation efficiency of 83% with 150 μg/mL of α–mangostin. In the acidic condition of pH 5.0, an initial burst of α–mangostin reached 50% after 6 h in buffer solution. CCP–liposomes could escape from endosomes even after 3 h, and almost 80% of CCP–liposomes escaped after 24 h. The cell ability of α–mangostin-loaded-CCP–liposome incubated in buffer solutions of 5.0 decreased significantly and was close to free α–mangostin. Our data proved that α–mangostin-loaded CCP–liposome delivered more effectively α–mangostin into cells and prevented the degradation of α–mangostin inside cells, especially endosomal degradation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9717
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/pr11082344
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720994-5
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  • 9
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    Effects of Biochar and Apatite on Chemical Forms of Lead and Zinc in Multi-Metal-Contaminated Soil after Incubation: A Comparison of Peanut Shell and Corn Cob Biochar
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 15, No. 15 ( 2023-08-04), p. 11992-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 15 ( 2023-08-04), p. 11992-
    Abstract: Heavy metal pollution in soils caused by mining activities is a severe issue worldwide. It is necessary to find a suitable approach to mitigate heavy metal-contaminated soil. Yet little is known about how soil amendments affect the chemical forms of heavy metals. Biochar produced from peanut shells (PSB300) and corn cob (CCB300) at 300 °C, and apatite (AP) were applied at various ratios to investigate their ability to adsorb lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in contaminated soil. The Pb and Zn’s chemical fractions were analyzed utilizing Tessier’s sequential extraction procedure and quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The one-month amendment incubation of biochar and AP could significantly diminish Pb and Zn’s exchangeable fractions, and CCB300 showed a slightly better effect on declining the exchangeable fractions of Pb and Zn than PSB300, which might be attributed to the higher values of OC and EC of CCB300 than those of PSB300. Moreover, the amendments could also transform the exchangeable fractions of Pb and Zn into stable fractions, resulting in immobility in natural conditions. Thus, PSB300 and CCB300 and the mixture of biochar/apatite could be hopeful amendments for immobilizing heavy metals in heavy metal multi-metal-contaminated field soil.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su151511992
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Optimization of Murrayafoline A ethanol extraction process from the roots of Glycosmis stenocarpa , and evaluation of its Tumorigenesis inhibition activity on Hep-G2 cells
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2021
    In:  Open Chemistry Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2021-07-16), p. 830-842
    Details
    In: Open Chemistry, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2021-07-16), p. 830-842
    Abstract: Glycosmis stenocarpa is a species of shrub found in the Northern provinces of Vietnam. Its roots contain different carbazolic derivatives, mainly Murrayafoline A (Mu-A), which exhibits valuable biological activities. In this study, we performed an extraction of Mu-A from the roots of G. stenocarpa and optimized this process using response surface methodology (RSM) according to a central composite design, with three independent parameters including extraction time (min), extraction temperature (°C), and solvent/material ratio (mL/g). Two dependent variables were the Mu-A content (mg/g raw materials) and extraction efficiency (%). The optimal conditions to extract Mu-A were found to be as follows: extraction temperature, 67°C; extraction time, 165 min; and solvent/material ratio, 5:1. Under these conditions, the Mu-A content and extraction efficiency were 38.94 ± 1.31 mg/g raw materials and 34.98 ± 1.18%, respectively. Mu-A exhibited antiproliferation and antitumor-promoting activity against the HepG-2 cell line. The present optimization work of Mu-A extraction from G. stenocarpa roots contributed to the attempt of designing a large-scale extraction process for the compound and further exploitation of its potential in vivo applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2391-5420
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0067
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2825411-9
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