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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DataSheet_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 10 ( 2023-3-29)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2023-3-29)
    Abstract: In this study, we apply probabilistic estimates of mean sea level (MSL) rise and a sub-set of regional climate model ensemble simulations to force a numerical model of the southern North Sea, downscaling projected sea level variability to the Elbe estuary that serves as a prototype for an industrialised meso-tidal estuary. The specific forcing combination enables a localised projection of future estuarine hydrodynamics accounting for the spread of projected global sea level rise and the spread of the regional climate projection due to internal variability. Under the applied high-emission scenario, the Elbe estuary shows high decadal rates of mean water level (MWL) rise beyond 19 mm y -1 , increase in the tidal range of up to 14 mm y -1 and increase in extreme water levels of up to 18 mm y -1 . The bandwidth of the estuarine response is also high. For example, the range of average monthly extreme water levels is up to 0.57 m due to the spread of projected global sea level rise, up to 0.58 m due to internal variability whereas seasonal range attains 1.99 m locally. In the lower estuary, the spread of projected global sea level rise dominates over internal variability. Internal variability, represented by ensemble spread, notably impacts the range of estuarine water levels and tidal current asymmetry in the shallow upper estuary. This area demonstrates large seasonal fluctuations of MWLs, the M2 tidal amplitude and monthly extreme water levels. On the monthly and inter-annual time scales, the MWL and M2 amplitude reveal opposite trends, indicative of a locally non-linear response to the decadal MSL rise enforced at the open boundary. Overall, imposed by the climate projections decadal change and MSL rise enhance the horizontal currents and turbulent diffusivities whereas internal variability locally mitigates sea level rise–driven changes in the water column. This work establishes a framework for providing consistent regionalised scenario-based climate change projections for the estuarine environment to support sustainable adaptation development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2023.1102485
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2023.1102485.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Longitudinal and lateral circulation and tidal impacts in salt-plug estuaries
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 10 ( 2023-4-28)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2023-4-28)
    Abstract: This study presents a comparison of forcings between density gradient and tides in idealized funnel-shaped salt-plug estuaries. Three-dimensional numerical model results also examine longitudinal and lateral circulations. In salt-plug estuaries, a positive longitudinal estuarine circulation is observed landward of a salinity maximum zone or salt plug. Seaward of the salt plug, the estuary shows an inverse circulation cell. The longitudinal flows show a fortnightly variability inside the salt plug. Also, the salt plug is saltier in spring tides than in neap tidal cycles mainly owing to higher landward salt transport by tidal advection during the spring tides. The lateral circulation and divergence dv/dy have the influence of Coriolis acceleration. In the absence of Earth’s rotation, the tidally averaged lateral circulations have nearly the same directions within the positive and inverse cells. Directions of lateral flow reverse in the salt-plug area. Inside this area, the lateral circulation also shows clear neap–spring variability, including downwelling cells during spring tides and upwelling in neap tides. The salinity maximum zone exhibits a vertically homogeneous condition particularly in meso-tidal salt-plug estuaries. Finally, this study introduces the threshold of “ log(tidal Froude number)=3 ” (tidal forcing 3 orders of magnitude ≥ density gradients) for salt-plug estuaries as the condition under which the tidal forcing can overcome the density gradient, and consequently salinity inside the salt plug zone is reinforced by tides with a landward movement. This robust salinity maximum zone is also identified by a high Ekman number ( log(Ekman number) & gt;0.25 ).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2023.1152625
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Channel curvature improves water quality and nutrient filtering in an artificially deepened mesotidal idealized estuary
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Continental Shelf Research Vol. 231 ( 2021-12), p. 104582-
    Details
    In: Continental Shelf Research, Elsevier BV, Vol. 231 ( 2021-12), p. 104582-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0278-4343
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.csr.2021.104582
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025704-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 780256-0
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Image_9.JPEG
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 8 ( 2021-6-4)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-6-4)
    Abstract: The Elbe estuary is a substantially engineered tidal water body that receives high loads of organic matter from the eutrophied Elbe river. The organic matter entering the estuary at the tidal weir is dominated by diatom populations that collapse in the deepened freshwater reach. Although the estuary’s freshwater reach is considered to manifest vertically homogenous density distribution (i.e., to be well-mixed), several indicators like trapping of particulate organic matter, near-bottom oxygen depletion and ammonium accumulation suggest that the vertical exchange of organic particles and dissolved oxygen is weakened at least temporarily. To better understand the causal links between the hydrodynamics and the oxygen and nutrient cycling in the deepened freshwater reach of the Elbe estuary, we establish a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamical-biogeochemical model. The model demonstrates good skill in simulating the variability of the physical and biogeochemical parameters in the focal area. Coupled simulations reveal that this region is a hotspot of the degradation of diatoms and organic matter transported from the shallow productive upper estuary and the tidal weir. In summer, the water column weakly stratifies when at the bathymetric jump warmer water from the shallow upper estuary spreads over the colder water of the deepened mid reaches. Enhanced thermal stratification also occurs also in the narrow port basins and channels. Model results show intensification of the particle trapping due to the thermal gradients. The stratification also reduces the oxygenation of the near-bottom region and sedimentary layer inducing oxygen depletion and accumulation of ammonium. The study highlights that the vertical resolution is important for the understanding and simulation of estuarine ecological processes, because even weak stratification impacts the cycling of nutrients via modulation of the vertical mixing of oxygen, particularly in deepened navigation channels and port areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s007
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s008
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s009
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.623714.s010
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transitions between different estuarine states in a low-inflow estuary of arid coasts (Mond Estuary, Persian Gulf) with a focus on freshwater lenses
    Elsevier BV ; 2024
    In:  Regional Studies in Marine Science Vol. 74 ( 2024-09), p. 103525-
    Details
    In: Regional Studies in Marine Science, Elsevier BV, Vol. 74 ( 2024-09), p. 103525-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2352-4855
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103525
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2835364-X
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