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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of ultraviolet light on the degradation of Low-Density and High-Density Polyethylene characterized by the weight loss and FTIR
    Maejo University ; 2019
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2019-07-24), p. 26-31
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2019-07-24), p. 26-31
    Abstract: In this study, the research was made to understand the knowledge widely related to the degradation process of polyethylene polymer. The mode of treatment that involves in the degradation process of polyethylene is physical treatment while the method of degradation used is photo-degradation of UV light. By using the physical treatment of UV irradiation light, it helps by affecting the bonding that holds the polymer together to break and weakens the plastic. From the result obtained in FTIR and SEM analysis, in FTIR spectrum of LDPE shows higher transmittance compared to FTIR spectrum of HDPE both UV-treated for 30 days. This indicates the high transmittance have few bonds to absorb light in the LDPE sample, low transmittance in HDPE sample means has high population of bonds which have vibrational energies corresponding to the incident light. For SEM result, the polyethylene for LDPE plastic sheet shows the best results for degradation and managed to reduce the weight loss at 87.5% compared to HDPE plastic which at 21.6%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v1i2.244915
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mixed domestic-waste catalysts for methyl ester production of soybean oil
    Maejo University ; 2019
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2019-05-20), p. 1-6
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2019-05-20), p. 1-6
    Abstract: Nowadays due to the depletion of non-renewable energy resources, production of green material from domestic wastes has played an important role. The waste of banana peel impregnated with calcium oxide (CaO) from eggshell had successfully been used as a low-cost catalyst to transesterify soybean oil to produce methyl ester. The catalytic actions from potassium and calcium oxide content in calcined banana peel (700°C) and eggshell (900°C) discover through FT-IR, XRD, and SEM. Methyl ester conversion can be obtained at 76.87 wt.% with the optimal condition of 7 wt.% of catalyst amount, methanol/oil mass ratio, 9:1; and the reaction temperature, 65 °C within 2 h reaction time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v1i2.244908
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biodiesel (Methyl Esters)
    Maejo University ; 2021
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2021-04-07), p. 30-43
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2021-04-07), p. 30-43
    Abstract: Biodiesel, an environmentally friendly biomass-based fuel, is gaining popularity globally as a cost-effective way to meet rising fuel demand. However, the high cost of raw materials and catalysts continues to drive up biodiesel production. An alternative feedstock with a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction could be the most cost-effective way to stabilize industrial biodiesel growth. Understanding these issues led to the idea of using waste palm oil as a feedstock for biodiesel production. While using waste materials as feedstock for biodiesel is an elegant solution, converting high free fatty acids (FFA) directly into methyl esters has some drawbacks. High FFA processes (acid esterification, then base transesterification) are costly. The commercial processes currently use a homogeneous system with sulfuric acid to catalyze both esterification and transesterification. However, heterogeneous solid acid catalysts are preferred over hazardous mineral acids for high FFA esterification because they are less corrosive, produce less waste, and are easier to separate from reactants and products by filtration, recovery, and reusability. Heterogeneous acid catalysts can also simultaneously catalyze transesterification and esterification reactions. Thus, new waste-based support for heterogeneous catalysts (solid acid catalysts) is required to convert waste oils into biodiesel.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v3i1.245153
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Palm oil mill effluent as a potential medium for microalgae Chlorella sp. cultivation for lipid production
    Maejo University ; 2020
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2020-04-10), p. 5-11
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 2, No. 2 ( 2020-04-10), p. 5-11
    Abstract: Freshwater microalgae Chlorella sp. was isolated from the water body of Taman Gelora, Kuantan, Pahang. The isolated monoculture was cultured in different concentration of POME (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%, v/v) as substrate. The maximal growth and biomass productivity were found in 30% (v/v) of POME. The maximal dry biomass 1.56 g/L was obtained and extracted 39.1% lipid, approximating similar productivity as in conventional BG-11 medium 1.65 g/L of biomass and 41.5% lipid. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis shows the composition of fatty acids such as linolelaidic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, elaidic acid, and α-linoleic acid dominant. The highest fatty acid is linolelsidic acid (41.69%). POME has the potential to be used as a substrate for microalgae Chlorella sp. cultivation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i2.245024
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biodiesel production from catfish (Pangasius) fat via ultrasound- assisted method
    Maejo University ; 2019
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2019-02-20), p. 15-20
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2019-02-20), p. 15-20
    Abstract: This paper reports studies in ultrasound-assisted heterogeneous solid catalyzed (CaO) synthesis of biodiesel from catfish (Pangasius) fat. Ultrasonication provides a faster chemical reaction, and the rate enhancements, refereed by cavitation that causes the building- up of pressures and temperatures, as well as increased catalytic surface areas and improve mass transfer. This novel method offers significant advantages such as shorter reaction time and less energy consumption than the conventional method, efficient molar ratio of methanol to triglycerides and provides the mechanical energy for mixing. The required activation energy for initiating the transesterification reaction and so, it gives a higher yield by transesterification of oils into biodiesel. The optimized reaction conditions were as follows: methanol to oil molar ratio of 15:1; catalyst (B-CaO), 9 wt. %; reaction temperature, 65 ± 2 °C; reaction time, 1 h at a working frequency of 42 kHz and the power supply of 100W. Highest conversion of 96.4 wt. % was achieved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v1i1.244896
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of biomass density on growth rates of Spirulina platensis under different light spectra
    Maejo University ; 2023
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2023-01-20), p. 1-5
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2023-01-20), p. 1-5
    Abstract: Light is the core environmental factor that affects the growth and biomass production of microalgae. However, the high density of microalgae will lead to reduction of the growth rate of microalgae culture due to availability of light decreases. Therefore, this experiment was conducted with aim of determining the influence of biomass density on growth of Spirulina platensis under different density of culture and LED lights. The result found that, the growth rate Spirulina platensis was reduced under high biomass density (9:1) due to lacking light penetration into the culture. However, white LED helps maintain the light acclimation process in the cells. Light spectra enhance the growth biomass. However white light contains all the light spectra highly contribute to the biomass production. The maximum light was penetrated into the culture due to minimal density of culture. More light was observed by the cells. Photosynthetic microalage may frequently experience irradiance fluctuations of one to two orders of magnitude in the natural environment. Microalgae have created several acclimation mechanisms to deal with such shifts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v5i1.248275
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A selective microalgae strain for biodiesel production in relation to higher lipid profile
    Maejo University ; 2019
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2019-02-05), p. 8-14
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2019-02-05), p. 8-14
    Abstract: Biodiesel have become the important asset by the country especially to build up their economy. Currently, microalgae have been choosing as the source for production of biodiesel based on their advantages. Microalgae are a photosynthetic organism that use light as an energy source and able to produce their own food. These microalgae also produce a lipid that can be used to produce a biodiesel. Using microalgae that contain high lipid profile are very important to make sure the biodiesel can be produce in large quantity in short time and more cost saving. Although many microalgae species have been identified and isolated for lipid production, there is currently no consensus as to which species provide the highest productivity. Different species are expected to function best at different aquatic, geographical and climatic conditions. So, this experiment is conducted to identify which strain of microalgae contains high lipid profile that can be used to convert into the biodiesel. There are three main objectives that involve in this experiment which is to isolate and identify different strain of microalgae from Kuantan Coast, East Coast Peninsular Malaysia, to convert the lipid from microalgae into biodiesel through transesterification, and to estimate higher lipid profile of microalgae species for biodiesel production. Two species of green microalgae were isolated, which is Nannochloropsis sp and Coelastrum sp. Based on lipid extraction and lipid analysis, it shows that the Nannochloropsis sp. have more concentrated of lipid and higher lipid profile compared to Coelastrum sp. Hence, Nannochloropsis sp. are most suitable species that can be used as a biodiesel feedstock due to higher lipid profile of MUFA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v1i1.244895
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biodiesel production by microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. grown in palm oil mill effluent
    Maejo University ; 2020
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2020-10-07), p. 21-26
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 2, No. 3 ( 2020-10-07), p. 21-26
    Abstract: A marine microalga, Nannochloropsis sp., was discovered in a water body in Teluk Cempedak, Kuantan, Pahang. In Nannochloropsis sp., for biomass and lipid synthesis, POME was used as a substitute medium. The isolated monoculture was grown in various concentrations of POME (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%), as well as a standard control medium. Nannochloropsis sp. showed greater cell growth at 10% POME, with a maximum dry biomass of 1.504 g L-1 and extracted 35.9% lipid after 14 days of flask cultivation. Fatty acids namely oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid were shown to be prominent in GC-MS analysis. The fatty acid oleic acid has been discovered to be the most abundant (73.40%). POME has the prospective to be used as a growth media for the cultivation of microalgae Nannochloropsis sp.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i3.245036
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Culturing of green photosynthetic microalgae (Chlorella sp.) using palm oil mill effluent (POME) for future biodiesel production
    Maejo University ; 2020
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2020-01-10), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2020-01-10), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Nowadays, the water pollution is leading issue due to palm oil mill effluent (POME), waste from palm oil production is a big problem to Malaysia which is largest palm oil producers. POME containing large amount of chemical oxygen demand (COD) which can cause severe pollution to the environment especially water. This present study designed for culturing green algae (Chlorella sp.) isolated from Pantai Balok, Kuantan which is most common microalgae with palm oil mill effluent (POME). Chlorella sp. was cultured using BG-11 medium with the addition of POME as experiment and without POME as control. The POME responsible for the growth of green algae is studied by measurement of the growth rate, total cell count and chemical oxygen demand (COD) for both conditions. The composition for control and experiment is also measured and determined by using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). From the results, it is observed that the total cell count and growth rate of Chlorella sp. greater in presence of POME since the green microalgae absorbs the essential nutrients from the POME as their nutrients. GCMS revealed that the difference in composition for both the conditions. Results concluded that several COD also vigorously deplete with the help of green algae digestion. Cultivation of Chlorella sp. in POME will help in future water pollution treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v2i1.244945
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Desalination of Polymer and Chemical industrial wastewater by using green photosynthetic microalgae, Chlorella sp.
    Maejo University ; 2019
    In:  Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 2019-10-30), p. 9-19
    Details
    In: Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, Maejo University, Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 2019-10-30), p. 9-19
    Abstract: In this investigation microalgae Chlorella sp. were isolated and identified from the industrial wastewater. Microalgae species was mass cultivated by using BG11 medium. After 30 days, mixture of Chlorella with different wastewater A, B, C, D, E and F with different ration of Chlorella: wastewater which were 1:6, 1:1, and 2:1. Incubated at room temperature at illuminated area. Dissolved oxygen, TDS, salinity, pH, optical density, oxygen saturation and conductivity were measured for day 0, 10, 20 and 30. For microalgae in wastewater A and C, value of pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation, conductivity, salinity and TDS did not change while absorbance value decreased from day 0 to day 30. For wastewater B, D, E and F, the absorbance and pH value increase for all concentration from day 0 to day 30. The highest oxygen saturation after 30 days for wastewater B, D, E and F was at concentration 1:6, 2:1 and 1:1 respectively. The highest dissolved oxygen for wastewater B, D and E was at concentration 1:1 and F was at 2:1. The lowest conductivity, salinity and TDS for wastewater B, C, D and F were all at the concentration of 2:1. The result showed that, Chlorella managed to reduce the salinity for wastewater B, C, D and F, at concentration of 2:1 which were 3.67 %, 4.53 %, 5.4 % and 4.91 % respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2774-0064 , 2673-0537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54279/mijeec.v1i3.244924
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Maejo University
    Publication Date: 2019
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