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  • 11
    In: Polymer Bulletin, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 80, No. 2 ( 2023-02), p. 1893-1914
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0170-0839 , 1436-2449
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473175-7
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  • 12
    In: Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 47, No. 3 ( 2021-03-04), p. 465-476
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-9045 , 1520-5762
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008903-X
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Future Science Ltd ; 2019
    In:  Therapeutic Delivery Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2019-11), p. 697-717
    In: Therapeutic Delivery, Future Science Ltd, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2019-11), p. 697-717
    Abstract: Nanogels have attracted considerable attention as nanoscopic drug carriers, particularly for site-specific or time-controlled delivery of bioactive mediators. A high diversity of polymer systems and the simple modification of their physicochemical features have provided multipurpose forms of nanogel preparations. Nanogels have outstandingly high stability, drug loading ability, biologic consistence, good permeation capability and can be responsive to environmental stimuli. Great potential has been shown by nanogels in many fields including delivery of genes, chemotherapy drugs, diagnosis, targeting of specific organs and several others. This review focuses mainly on different types of nanogels, methods of preparation including methods of drug loading, different modes of biodegradation mechanisms as well as main mechanisms of drug release from nanogels. Recent applications of nanogels are also briefly discussed and exemplified.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-5990 , 2041-6008
    Language: English
    Publisher: Future Science Ltd
    Publication Date: 2019
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 14
    In: Current Drug Delivery, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 19, No. 10 ( 2022-12), p. 1102-1115
    Abstract: Chronic wound healing is a major challenge for the health care system around the globe. The current study was conducted to develop and characterize chemically cross-linked polyethylene glycol-co-poly (AMPS) hydrogel membranes to enhance the wound healing efficiency of antibiotic mupirocin (MP). Methods: Free radical polymerization technique was used to develop hydrogel membranes. In an aqueous medium, polymer PEG-4000 was cross-linked with the monomer 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) in the presence of initiators ammonium peroxide sulfate (APS) and sodium hydrogen sulfite (SHS). N, N-Methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) was used as a cross-linker in preparing hydrogel membranes. Developed membranes were spherical, transparent, and had elasticity. FTIR, TGA/DSC, and SEM were used to characterize the polymeric system. Swelling behavior, drug loading, and release pattern at pH of 5.5 and 7.4, irritation study, ex vivo drug permeation, and deposition study were also evaluated. Results: Formed membranes were spherical, transparent, and had elasticity. The formation of a stable polymeric network was confirmed by structural and thermal analysis. Evaluation of the drug permeability in the skin showed good permeation and retention capabilities. No irritancy to the skin was observed. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, the present study concluded that the formulated stable network might be an ideal network for the delivery of mupirocin in skin infections.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1567-2018
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2022
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 15
    In: Advances in Polymer Technology, Wiley, Vol. 37, No. 8 ( 2018-12), p. 3146-3158
    Abstract: This study was aimed to develop chemically cross‐linked matrix system of polycaprolactone‐co ‐ poly (methacrylic acid) through free radical polymerization method for controlled delivery of highly water‐soluble drug venlafaxine HC l. A hydrophobic polymer, polycaprolactone has been cross‐linked chemically with methacrylic acid by ethylene glycol dimethacrylate ( EGDMA ) as cross‐linking agent, and benzoyl peroxide was added as reaction initiator. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FTIR ), scanning electron microscopy, thermo gravimetric analysis ( TGA ), differential scanning calorimetry ( DSC ), and sol‐gel fraction were performed for characterization and structural analysis of polymeric system. Different feed ratios of polycaprolactone, methacrylic acid, and EGDMA were incorporated to investigate the effect of polymer, monomer, and degree of cross‐linking on swelling behavior and release pattern of model drug. pH ‐responsive nature of hydrogel was evaluated at low and high pH . FTIR , TGA , and DSC confirmed the formation of new cross‐linked network. pH sensitivity of hydrogel is revealed by increased swelling at pH 7.4. Toxicity study was also performed on rabbits to evaluate cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of developed formulation. Polycaprolactone hydrogels showed low swelling with increased polymer and cross‐linker concentration while swelling increased with high concentration of monomer. Swelling controlled in vitro drug release was found in hydrogels. Gel contents were increased with increase in ratio of polymer, monomer, and cross‐linking agent. Toxicity study endorsed that developed hydrogels were nontoxic and biocompatible.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0730-6679 , 1098-2329
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014633-4
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  • 16
    In: Advances in Polymer Technology, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 4 ( 2017-12), p. 433-441
    Abstract: Solubility of poorly water‐soluble drugs is one of the most emerging issue associated with these drugs to form a suitable dosage form that will provide desired pharmacological response. Their low solubility causes elimination of most of the drug from body as such, and desired therapeutic levels are not achieved. Polymers are major players in these formulations, e.g., chitosan, polyvinyl pyrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, β‐cyclodextrin, etc. β‐Cyclodextrin is one of the most efficient polymer among all of these to work as a carrier for these drugs to enhance solubility. In the present work, microparticles were prepared by different techniques to enhance solubility of rosuvastatin calcium. Microparticles were evaluated for Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis, dissolution studies, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and stability studies to confirm enhancement in solubility. Different in vitro kinetic models such as zero order, first order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer–Peppas were applied to determine the release behavior of drug from prepared formulations. Results were statistically analyzed by the one‐way ANOVA test, and the p value was determined to check significant results. Results of PXRD had shown that drug nature was changed from crystalline to amorphous, and FTIR and thermal analysis confirmed that the complex was formed between drug and β‐cyclodextrin. SEM images had shown that microparticles had small size loaded with drug. Results had shown that formulation F3 prepared by solid dispersion of drug and β‐cyclodextrin in 1:3 had achieved maximum release of drug 97% within 45 min.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0730-6679 , 1098-2329
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014633-4
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Pharmaceuticals Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2020-11-17), p. 399-
    In: Pharmaceuticals, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2020-11-17), p. 399-
    Abstract: The aim of the current research work was to prepare Car934-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels by the free-radical polymerization technique. Various concentrations of carbopol, acrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate were employed for the fabrication of Car934-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD) studies were performed to know the structural arrangement, thermal stability, physical appearance and amorphous network of developed hydrogels. FTIR analysis revealed that carbopol reacted with acrylic acid during the process of polymerization and confirmed the grafting of acrylic acid over the backbone of carbopol. TGA and DSC studies showed that developed hydrogels were thermally stable. Surface morphology was analyzed by SEM, which confirmed a porous network of hydrogels. PXRD analysis indicated that crystallinity of the drug was reduced by the amorphous network of hydrogels. Furthermore, swelling studies for all developed hydrogels were performed at both media, i.e., pH 1.2 and 7.4, and higher swelling was exhibited at pH 7.4. Sol–gel analysis was performed to evaluate the soluble unreacted part of the fabricated hydrogels. Similarly, an in-vitro study was conducted for all hydrogel formulations at both acidic (pH 1.2) and basic (pH 7.4) mediums, and a greater drug release was observed at pH 7.4. Different kinetics such as zero-order, first-order, the Higuchi model and the Korsmeyer–Peppas model were applied to know the mechanism of release order of drugs from the hydrogels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8247
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193542-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials Vol. 110, No. 7 ( 2022-07), p. 1545-1562
    In: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, Wiley, Vol. 110, No. 7 ( 2022-07), p. 1545-1562
    Abstract: Purpose of this study was to prepare chitosan/tamarind crosslinked poly (methacrylic acid) hydrogels for pH responsive delivery of cytarabine by using aqueous free radical polymerization technique. Polymers were chemically cross‐linked with monomer (methacrylic acid) using methylene bisacrylamide as cross‐linking agent and ammonium per sulphate as a reaction initiator in aqueous medium. Developed hydrogels were characterized for morphology, physical existence, drug loading (%), compositional and structural analysis, thermal behavior and stability, drug release analysis (pH 1.2 and pH 7.4), and in vivo release kinetics. pH sensitive behavior was established by observing swelling and release behavior at different pH values (1.2 and 7.4). Biocompatibility of network was evaluated through acute oral toxicity studies in rabbits. Results revealed that cytarabine was efficiently loaded in prepared hydrogels with an entrapment efficiency of 54.67%–108.59%. Highest swelling ratio of 38.67 was noticed at pH 7.4. Maximum pH sensitive behavior was seen at pH 7.4 showing maximum drug release up to 94.51%. All developed formulations followed zero order release as confirmed from regression coefficient ( R 2  = 0.9912–0.9991). In‐vivo studies confirmed enhanced bioavailability of cytarabine. Histopathological examination and hemocompatibility studies proved that developed hydrogel system was safe, biocompatible, nonhemolytic in nature exhibiting no symptoms of dermal, ocular toxicities, and no changes in biochemical parameters of blood and histology of key organs. So, developed hydrogel system can be employed as an excellent drug delivery device where controlled drug delivery is desired.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-4973 , 1552-4981
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130917-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 19
    In: Gels, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2021-01-27), p. 10-
    Abstract: The aim of the current study was to fabricate naturally derived polymer based hydrogels for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) for a long duration of time. In this research work, sodium alginate-co-poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulphonic acid) (SA-co-poly(AMPS)) hydrogels were prepared by the free radical polymerization technique, where sodium alginate (SA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulphonic acid (AMPS) were used as the polymer and monomer while ammonium peroxodisulfate (APS) and N,N′-Methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) were used as the initiator and cross-linker, respectively. A swelling study was performed to determine the swelling index of developed hydrogels in both acidic (pH 1.2) and basic (pH 7.4) media and pH-independent swelling was observed due to the presence of AMPS. An in vitro release study was conducted to evaluate the percentage of drug released, and a high release of the drug was found at the higher pH of 7.4. Sol–gel analysis was performed to analyze the crosslinked and uncrosslinked part of the hydrogels, and results showed a rise in gel fraction as the composition of SA, AMPS and MBA increased while the sol fraction decreased and vice versa. This work demonstrated a potential for sustained delivery of diclofenac sodium by employing various concentration of SA, AMPS and MBA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2310-2861
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2813982-3
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  • 20
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-8-26), p. 1-15
    Abstract: Poor solubility is a global issue of copious pharmaceutical industries as large number of drugs in development stage as well as already marketed products are poorly soluble which results in low dissolution and ultimately dosage increase. Current study is aimed at developing a polyvinylpyrrolidone- (PVP-K30-) based nanogel delivery system for solubility enhancement of poorly soluble drug olanzapine (OLP), as solubilization enhancement is the most noteworthy application of nanosystems. Crosslinking polymerization with subsequent condensation technique was used for the synthesis of nanogels, a highly responsive polymeric networks in drug’s solubility. Developed nanogels were characterized by percent entrapment efficiency, sol-gel, percent swelling, percent drug loaded content (%DLC), percent porosity, stability, solubility, in vitro dissolution studies, FTIR, XRD, and SEM analysis. Furthermore, cytotoxicity study was conducted on rabbits to check the biocompatibility of the system. Particle size of nanogels was found with 178.99 ± 15.32   nm , and in vitro dissolution study exhibited that drug release properties were considerably enhanced as compared to the marketed formulation OLANZIA. The solubility studies indicated that solubility of OLP was noticeably improved up to 36.7-fold in phosphate buffer of pH 6.8. In vivo cytotoxicity study indicated that prepared PVP-K30-based formulation was biocompatible. On the basis of results obtained, the developed PVP-K30-co-poly (AMPS) nanogel delivery system is expected to be safe, effective, and cost-effective for solubility improvement of poorly soluble drugs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6141 , 2314-6133
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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