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  • 1
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 41, No. 6_suppl ( 2023-02-20), p. 231-231
    Abstract: 231 Background: Increased Body Mass Index (BMI) has been linked to increased prostate cancer incidence, recurrence, and mortality (PMID: 35538398). Herein, we sought to investigate the underlying differences in gene expression profiles based on BMI in patients (pts) with PCa. Methods: In this IRB-approved retrospective study, eligibility criteria included histologically confirmed PCa and available RNA sequencing results from treatment naïve primary prostate tissue by a CLIA-certified lab. Pts were categorized into two cohorts: obese (Ob, BMI≥30) and non-obese (non-Ob, BMI 〈 30). BMI at the time of diagnosis of PCa was used for analysis. The DEseq2 pipeline was used to analyze differentially expressed genes between the groups. The data included the Log2 fold change, Wald-Test p-values, and Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p-values (q values) for each differentially expressed gene. These results were subjected to Gene Set Enrichment software analysis (GSEA) to identify pathways enriched in each cohort. All bioinformatic analysis was undertaken using R v4.2. Results: 60 pts were eligible, of which 22 were Ob and 38 were non-Ob. Tumor tissues from Ob pts had an increased expression of the heme metabolism, androgen-response, protein secretion, fatty acid, and bile metabolism pathways. Non-Ob pts had a significantly higher expression of genes involved in the inflammation pathways (interferon-alpha & TNF alpha pathways). Normalized enrichment scores are reported. Differential individual gene expression profiles will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: Our study showed upregulation of distinct genomic pathways in Ob pts with prostate cancer which may help personalize medicine and guide further drug development. These hypothesis-generating data require external validation. [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 2
    In: The Oncologist, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 26, No. 12 ( 2021-12-01), p. 1006-e2129
    Abstract: Previously, we showed the combination of radium-223 and enzalutamide to be safe and associated with improved efficacy based on a concomitant decline in serum bone metabolism markers compared with enzalutamide alone in a phase II trial of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) [1]. Methods Secondary endpoints were not included in our initial report, and we include them herein, after a median follow-up of 22 months. These objectives included long-term safety, prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–progression-free survival (PFS), and radiographic progression-free survival; PSA-PFS2 (time from start of protocol therapy to PSA progression on subsequent therapy); time to next therapy (TTNT); and overall survival (OS). Survival analysis and log-rank tests were performed using the R statistical package v.4.0.2 (https://www.r-project.org). Statistical significance was defined as p  & lt; .05. Results Of 47 patients (median age, 68 years), 35 received the combination and 12 enzalutamide alone. After a median follow-up of 22 months, final safety results did not show any increase in fractures or other adverse events in the combination arm. PSA-PFS2 was significantly improved, and other efficacy parameters were numerically improved in the combination over the enzalutamide arm. Conclusion The combination of enzalutamide and radium-223 was found to be safe and associated with promising efficacy in men with mCRPC. These hypothesis-generating results portend well for the ongoing phase III PEACE III trial in this setting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1083-7159 , 1549-490X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2023829-0
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  • 3
    In: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 20, No. 12_Supplement ( 2021-12-01), p. P012-P012
    Abstract: Background: Despite recent advancements in systemic therapy in men with mCSPC, disease remains fatal. Identification of novel genomic and clinical correlates of survival in this setting remain a significant unmet need. Methods: Newly diagnosed mCSPC undergoing intensified ADT i.e., ADT plus docetaxel or novel hormonal therapy and available tumor comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) were included in the analysis. CGP was performed by a CLIA certified Next Generation Sequencing panel (Foundation Medicine) and involved the following genes: FAS, KDM6A, MYC1, PTEN, RB1, TMPRSS2, and TP53. All variants of unknown significance were removed, and mutated genes present in ≥5 % patients were included. Cox proportional hazards was used to assess relationships between OS and multiple variables (age at diagnosis, Gleason score, baseline PSA, de-novo disease, volume of disease, presence of visceral metastases and presence of genetic aberrations on CGP). Results: 127 patients were eligible and included. Higher baseline PSA (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.09-1.9, P=0.0097), presence of visceral metastases (HR 4.41, 95% CI 1.26-15.39, P=0.0199) and genomic aberrations in MYC1 (HR 5.23, 95% CI 1.05-26.04, P=0.0433) and RB1 (HR 32.72, 95% CI 5.35-200.2, P=0.0002) were significantly associated with inferior OS. High volume disease trended to associate with poor OS, but was not statistically significant (HR 1.63, 95% CI 0.56-4.71, P=0.367). PTEN loss and other genomic aberrations were not associated with OS. See Table. Conclusions: In this real-world patient population of men with mCSPC undergoing intensified ADT we identify clinical and genomic markers associated with poor OS. This study has limitations as expected in a retrospective analysis. These data, upon external validation, may aid with development of a risk stratification model, counseling of patients, treatment decision making in the clinic, as well as further drug development. Citation Format: Nicolas Sayegh, Bennet Peterson, Roberto Nussenzveig, Adam Kessel, Taylor Ryan McFarland, Andrew Warren Hahn, Deepika Sirohi, Manish Kohli, Benjamin Louis Maughan, Umang Swami, Mark Yandell, Neeraj Agarwal. Genomic and clinical correlates of overall survival (OS) in men with newly diagnosed metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) undergoing intensified androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2021 Oct 7-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P012.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-7163 , 1538-8514
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2062135-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    In: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 21, No. 12 ( 2022-12-02), p. 1857-1861
    Abstract: Approximately 20% of men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) progress within 1 year of treatment, and biomarkers to identify them up front are lacking. In a randomized phase III trial in men with mCSPC (SWOG S1216), higher baseline circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were prognostic of inferior outcomes. We aimed to validate these findings and interrogate corresponding tumor genomic profiles. Consecutively seen men with newly diagnosed mCSPC undergoing systemic therapy and baseline CTC enumeration by CellSearch assay were included. Gene alterations were determined by comprehensive genomic profiling of tumor tissue by Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments—certified lab. The relationship between categorized CTC counts and both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed in the context of Cox proportional hazards models, both unadjusted and adjusted for age, Gleason score, PSA at androgen-deprivation therapy initiation, disease volume, de novo status, treatment intensification, and number of altered genes. Overall, 103 patients were included in the analysis. On multivariate analysis high CTCs (≥ 5 vs. 0) were associated with poorer PFS [HR, 4.52; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.84–11.11; P = 0.001) and OS (HR, 3.59; 95% CI, 0.95–13.57; P = 0.060). Patients with higher CTC counts had a greater number of altered genes and total number of alterations (all P & lt; 0.02). In this article, for the first time, we externally validate the association of higher CTC counts with inferior survival outcomes in men with mCSPC and show a distinct associated tumor genomic landscape. These findings may improve prognostication, patient counseling, and treatment selection in men with mCSPC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-7163 , 1538-8514
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2062135-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 39, No. 6_suppl ( 2021-02-20), p. 166-166
    Abstract: 166 Background: Both olaparib and rucaparib have recently been approved for the treatment of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with BRCA1/2 mutations (BRCAm). In the PROFOUND trial, 36.9% of men had either no tissue or tissue that was inadequate for genomic profiling (PMID: 32343890). A recent report suggests BRCAm may be an early event in the evolution of prostate cancer (PMID: 29662167). This suggests comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) of primary prostate tissue may suffice to guide treatment selection, even years after tissue collection. Herein, we investigate the ontogeny of BRCAm by comparing CGP of matched primary prostate cancer tissue to CGP of cfDNA. Methods: Eligibility criteria included men diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer that had matched CGP of both primary prostate cancer tissue and cfDNA. Genomic profiling was performed by CLIA certified laboratories. Only somatic mutations detectable by both platforms were used for concordance analysis. Results: We identified 198 patients that had matched CGP of primary prostate tissue and cfDNA. Thirteen men had a pathogenic BRCAm in at least one test. Of these 13 positive test for BRCAm, 2 were rearrangements, 1 copy number loss, and 5 were germline mutations. Both platforms tend to filter out germline alterations therefore, they were not included in the estimation of concordance. Overall somatic BRCAm concordance between primary prostate tissue and cfDNA was 196/198 (98%). Notably, no new BRCAm were identified in cfDNA with a median difference of 23.62 (0.1 - 232.2) months between prostate cancer tissue and cfDNA collection. Conclusions: There were no BRCAm detected only in cfDNA, suggesting that BRCAm is an early event in the ontogeny of prostate cancer. Based on this, it is unlikely that delaying sequencing would benefit patients with advanced prostate cancer. In the event that tissue is unavailable or inadequate for CGP, profiling of cfDNA is a valuable alternative for detection of BRCAm.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 6
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 38, No. 6_suppl ( 2020-02-20), p. 169-169
    Abstract: 169 Background: Although the survival outcomes for patients with mCSPC has improved over the last 5 years, disease remains universally fatal even with improved therapies. Currently, genomic information from the tumor is not taken into account for treatment selection and prognostication. AI is increasingly being used in clinical cancer genomics research. Probabilistic Graphical Models (PGMs) are AI algorithms that capture multivariate, multi-level dependencies in complex patterns in large datasets while retaining human interpretability. We hypothesize that PGMs can establish correlation of baseline somatic genomic alteration with poor survival outcomes in mCSPC. Methods: Eligible men had new mCSPC starting systemic therapy and had tumor genomic profiling done through a CLIA certified lab. Gene alterations with known pathogenicity were grouped into canonical pathways. Multilevel associations between survival, clinical variables (including baseline PSA, Gleason ≥ 8, and visceral metastasis), and genomic signatures (PI3K/AKT/mTOR, HRR, G1/S Cell Cycle, SPOP, TP53, WNT, and MYC) were assessed using a Bayesian Network (BN), and confidence intervals were estimated by bootstrapping. A Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis was performed independently to support the results generated by the BN. Results: Among all variables, only genomic alterations in TP53 and the G1/S pathway were significantly associated with poor overall survival by BN analysis. KM analysis showed concordant results for TP53 (median OS, altered 50 mos vswild-type 84 mos; HR=2.79, 95% CI 1.63 – 4.80; P=0.0002) and G1/S (median OS altered 23 mos vswild-type 73 mos; HR=8.21, 95% CI 3.40 – 19.86; P 〈 0.0001). Conclusions: These hypothesis-generating data reveal genomic signatures associated with poor survival in mCSPC patients. Our results, after external validation, may aid with counseling and treatment selection, as well as patient stratification in future trials in mCSPC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 7
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 38, No. 6_suppl ( 2020-02-20), p. 167-167
    Abstract: 167 Background: Men with mPC with visceral metastasis, as compared to non-visceral disease have inferior outcomes regardless of therapy (PMID: 25403629). Herein, we hypothesize that visceral versus non-visceral metastasis sites differ with regards to underlying genomic alterations (GA). These GA possibly drive metastasis to visceral sites and mediate a more aggressive disease. Identifying these GA may guide future trial designs by better stratifying patients and predicting therapy responses. Methods: In this retrospective analysis, inclusion criteria were: diagnosis of mPC and comprehensive genomic profiling of metastatic tissue by CLIA certified lab. Liver and lung were defined as visceral while bone and lymph nodes were defined as non-visceral metastasis. Evaluated GA were p53, RB1, PTEN, AR, TMB, CDK12, SPOP, MYC, MET, BRCA genes, BRAF, ARID1A. Fisher’s Exact Test was used to compare GA in visceral and non-visceral tumor tissue. Results: Overall 54 men with mPC with visceral (n=8) and non-visceral (n=46) metastatic tissue biopsies were evaluated. Visceral biopsies included liver (3) and lung (5). Non-visceral biopsy sites included lymph nodes (33) and bone (13). Men with or without visceral metastasis had similar baseline characteristics (Fisher’s Exact Test and Wilcoxon Rank Test; Table). Visceral tumor tissue had a significantly greater odds of having RB1 mutation [OR = 12.09; 95% CI = (1.12, 178.21); p-value 0.02] as compared to non-visceral tumor tissue. Conclusions: RB1 GA were more common in visceral as compared to non-visceral metastatic sites in mPC. RB1 loss is associated with ineffectiveness to CDK4/6 inhibitors (PMID 26633733). These hypothesis-generating data suggest that men with mPC with visceral metastasis may not optimally benefit by enrollment on CDK4/6 inhibitor trials. BLM, NA: equal contribution.[Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 8
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 40, No. 6_suppl ( 2022-02-20), p. 123-123
    Abstract: 123 Background: In pts with mCSPC undergoing intensified ADT, achieving a PSA nadir ≤0.2 ng/mL “anytime” after the start of treatment was associated with a significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus those with a PSA 〉 0.2 ng/mL: HR 0.17 (95% CI, 0.13-0.23) (Chi AUA 2021, abstract 1281). Our objective was to validate these findings in a real-world population and characterize the clinical and tumor genomic landscape according to PSA response. Methods: In this IRB-approved study, patient-level data were collected retrospectively. Eligibility: presence of mCSPC undergoing intensified ADT with either docetaxel or novel hormonal therapy (NHT) started within 3 months of diagnosis, availability of PSA nadir, and availability of tumor comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) prior to start of ADT. Variants of unknown significance and genomic aberrations present in 〈 5% pts were excluded. Optimal PSA response (OR): PSA≤0.2 ng/mL. Study endpoints: PFS was calculated per PCWG-2 defined PSA progression or radiographic progression or clinical progression whichever occurred first; OS was defined as start of therapy to date of death or censored after last follow-up. The relationship between PSA nadir and both PFS and OS was assessed in the context of Cox proportional hazards. Gene prevalence was compared using a chi square test. Results: 134 pts were eligible and included. Optimal responders (OR) (n=104) and non-OR (n=30): median age at diagnosis 63 vs 65 years; median PSA at ADT start 18.1 vs 74.5 ng/mL; high volume of disease 48% vs 77%. For OR and non-OR: median PFS, 60.6 vs 13.2 (P 〈 0.001); median OS, 94.9 vs 35.2 months (P 〈 0.001) respectively. Multivariate analysis is described in the table. Conclusions: Only a minority of pts with mCSPC do not achieve an optimal PSA response with intensified ADT. Those non-OR have worse outcomes on treatment with intensified ADT. Herein we externally validate that achieving a PSA nadir ≤0.2 ng/mL is correlated with superior OS. Detailed genomic landscape of these pts will be presented in the meeting.[Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 9
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 40, No. 6_suppl ( 2022-02-20), p. 121-121
    Abstract: 121 Background: Novel hormonal therapy (NHT) i.e. novel androgen receptor or androgen synthesis inhibitors have been approved for treatment of pts with mCSPC and mCRPC based on improved OS. However, OS of patients after progression on first-line NHT for mCSPC is not well characterized. It is currently unknown whether the OS in pts “after” progression on first-line NHT in mCSPC versus mCRPC is significantly different. Herein, our objective was to assess OS after disease progression on NHT given as the first-line therapy in the mCSPC vs first-line therapy in mCRPC setting. Methods: In this IRB-approved study, patient-level data were collected retrospectively, only those treated with NHT as first-line therapy for mCSPC or mCRPC were included. For patients receiving NHT in the mCRPC setting, no prior NHT was allowed in the mCSPC setting. Median overall survival and hazard ratios were determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: A total of 173 pts (45 mCSPC and 128 mCRPC) were eligible and included in the analysis. Median OS in the mCSPC versus mCRPC were similar: 23 vs. 17 months, hazard ratio: 0.9855, (95% CI: 0.6225 – 1.560, P=0.951). See the table. Conclusions: These results suggest median OS is similar after progression on one NHT whether given in the first-line mCSPC or first-line mCRPC setting. These data have implications on patient counseling and prognostication as well as the design of clinical trials in patients experiencing disease progression on an NHT. These hypothesis generating data need external validation.[Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 10
    In: International Journal of Cancer Care and Delivery, Binaytara Foundation, Vol. 2, No. Supplement 2 ( 2022-10-20)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2770-3533
    Language: English
    Publisher: Binaytara Foundation
    Publication Date: 2022
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