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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  European Journal of Oral Sciences Vol. 122, No. 4 ( 2014-08), p. 271-278
    In: European Journal of Oral Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 122, No. 4 ( 2014-08), p. 271-278
    Abstract: Although interproximal attrition is considered to be limited in modern populations, it has important clinical implications. However, in contrast to occlusal attrition, proximal attrition receives limited scientific attention. The main purpose of the current study was to fill this void. Seven‐hundred and sixty‐five teeth were collected from 255 skulls of subjects 18–75 yr of age. For each individual, three mandibular teeth (the first and second premolars and the first molar) were examined for proximal attrition facets (PAFs). The results provide detailed information on the size, shape, and location of the facets according to age cohort, gender, and ethnicity. The validity of the method used to measure the facets was also examined. The major findings were as follows: PAFs are usually located on the upper half of the crown proximal aspect; in each tooth, the mesial facet is more lingually positioned and the distal facet is more buccally positioned; the majority of the facets are subrectangular in shape; the size of the facets tends to increase in an anteroposterior direction (from premolars to molars); and facet size and location are age‐ and sex‐dependent and ethnicity‐independent. It is our recommendation that dentists bear in mind that interproximal attrition is a dynamic, long‐term process and needs to be considered in many clinical scenarios.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0909-8836 , 1600-0722
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025657-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Communications Biology Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-03-17)
    In: Communications Biology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-03-17)
    Abstract: The transition to bipedal locomotion was a fundamental milestone in human evolution. Consequently, the human skeleton underwent substantial morphological adaptations. These adaptations are responsible for many of today’s common physical impairments, including hip fractures. This study aims to reveal the morphological changes in the proximal femur, which increase the risk of intracapsular hip fractures in present-day populations. Our sample includes chimpanzees, early hominins, early Homo Neanderthals, as well as prehistoric and recent humans. Using Geometric Morphometric methods, we demonstrate differences in the proximal femur shape between hominids and populations that practiced different lifestyles. We show that the proximal femur morphology is a risk factor for intracapsular hip fracture independent of osteoporosis. Changes in the proximal femur, such as the shortening of the femoral neck and an increased anterolateral expansion of the greater trochanter, are associated with an increased risk for intracapsular hip fractures. We conclude that intracapsular hip fractures are a trade-off for efficient bipedal walking in humans, and their risk is exacerbated by reduced physical activity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2399-3642
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2919698-X
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