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  • Frontiers Media SA  (5)
  • Mao, Xiangbing  (5)
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  • Frontiers Media SA  (5)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fermented Alfalfa Meal Instead of “Grain-Type” Feedstuffs in the Diet Improves Intestinal Health Related Indexes in Weaned Pigs
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-13)
    Abstract: Corn and soybean meal are the two main components in formula feed of farm animals, leading to a serious food competition between humans and livestock. An alternative may be to encourage the utilization of unconventional feedstuff in animal diet. In the current study, we evaluated the utilization of fermented alfalfa meal (FAM) in weaned pigs. Twenty weaned piglets (separately caged) were randomly divided into two groups. Pigs in the control group (CON) were fed corn-soybean meal diet, and part of corn and soya protein concentrate in the diet of another group was replaced by 8% FAM. After 40 days of feeding, the average feed intake of FAM pigs was increased ( P & gt; 0.05), and the villus height (VH) of jejunum and duodenum, crypt depth (CD), and VH/CD in FAM pigs was improved compared to the CON group ( P & lt; 0.05). The increase ( P & lt; 0.05) of goblet cells in the jejunum of FAM pigs was positively correlated with the expression of MUC-2 gene ( R = 0.9150). The expression of genes related to immunity ( IRAK4 , NF -κ B , and IL-10 ) and intestinal barrier ( Occludin and MUC-2 ) in the jejunum, as well as the expression of ZO-1 and MUC-2 in the colon of these pigs, also showed increase ( P & lt; 0.05) compared to CON pigs, which was accompanied by the decrease ( P & lt; 0.05) of LPS concentration in the serum. The elevated proportion of CD3 + and CD8 + T-lymphocyte subsets in spleen ( P & lt; 0.05) confirmed the improvement of systemic immune function in FAM pigs. In addition, FAM pigs have a higher β-diversity of microbial community ( P & lt; 0.05) and promoted enrichment of probiotics such as Lactobacillus that positively was correlated with acetate concentration in the colon over CON pigs. In summary, partially replacement of expanded corn and soya protein concentrate with FAM (8%) may benefit the intestinal barrier and immune function of weaned pigs without affecting their growth. Our findings also provide evidence of the feasibility of FAM as a dietary component in pigs to reduce the consumption of grain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.797875
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Corrigendum: Batch and sampling time exert a larger influence on the fungal community than gastrointestinal location in model animals: A meaningful case study
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Nutrition Vol. 9 ( 2023-1-5)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Nutrition, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2023-1-5)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-861X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1126984
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2776676-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Active or Autoclaved Akkermansia muciniphila Relieves TNF-α-Induced Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells Through Distinct Pathways
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-16)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-16)
    Abstract: Intestinal inflammation is a major threat to the health and growth of young animals such as piglets. As a next-generation probiotics, limited studies have shown that Akkermansia muciniphila could alleviate inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). In this study, a TNF-α-induced inflammatory model of IPEC-J2 cells, the intestinal porcine enterocytes, was built to evaluate the effects of active or inactive A. muciniphila on the inflammation of IECs. The viability of IPEC-J2 cells was the highest when treated with active (10 8 copies/mL) or inactive (10 9 copies/mL) A. muciniphila for 7.5 h ( P & lt; 0.01). Treated with 20 ng/mL of TNF-α and followed by a treatment of A. muciniphila , the mRNA level of proinflammatory cytokines ( IL-8, IL-1β , IL-6 and TNF-α ) was remarkably reduced ( P & lt; 0.05) along with the increased mRNA level of tight junction proteins ( ZO-1 and Occludin , P & lt; 0.05). Flow cytometry analysis showed that active or inactive A. muciniphila significantly suppressed the rate of the early and total apoptotic of the inflammatory IPEC-J2 cells ( P & lt; 0.05). According to results of transcriptome sequencing, active and inactive A. muciniphila may decline cell apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of key genes in calcium signaling pathway, or up-regulating the expression of key genes in cell cycle signaling pathway. And the bacterium may alleviate the inflammation of IECs by down-regulating the expression of PI3K upstream receptor genes. Our results indicate that A. muciniphila may be a promising NGP targeting intestinal inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.788638
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Image_4.TIFF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Nutrition Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-7)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Nutrition, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-7)
    Abstract: Fungi play a fundamental role in the intestinal ecosystem and health, but our knowledge of fungal composition and distribution in the whole gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is very limited. The physiological similarity between humans and pigs in terms of digestive and associated metabolic processes places, the pig in a superior position over other non-primate models. Here, we aimed to characterize the diversity and composition of fungi in the GIT of pigs. Using high-throughput sequencing, we evaluated the fungal community in different locations of GIT of 11 pigs with 128.41 ± 1.25 kg body weight acquired successively. Among them, five pigs are sacrificed in April 2019 (Batch 1) and the other six are sacrificed in January 2020 (Batch 2). All subjects with similar genetic backgrounds, housing, management, and diet. Finally, no significant difference is found in the α-diversity (Richness) of the fungal community among all intestinal segments. Basidiomycota and Ascomycota are the two predominant fungal phyla, but Batch 1 harbored a notably high abundance of Basidiomycota and Batch 2 harbored a high abundance of Ascomycota. Moreover, the two batches harbored completely different fungal compositions and core fungal genera. FUNGuild (Fungal Functional Guild) analysis revealed that most of the fungal species present in the GIT are saprotroph, plant pathogen, and animal endosymbiont. Our study is the first to report that even under the same condition, large variations in fungal composition in the host GIT still occur from batch-to-batch and sampling time. The implications of our observations serve as references to the development of better models of the human gut.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-861X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1021215
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1021215.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1021215.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1021215.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1021215.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1021215.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1021215.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1021215.s007
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2776676-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.doc
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 13 ( 2022-2-22)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-2-22)
    Abstract: Although dietary fibers (DFs) have been shown to improve intestinal health in pigs, it is unclear whether this improvement varies according to the type/source of DF. In the current study, we investigated the impact of dietary supplement (15%) of pea-hull fiber (PF), oat bran (OB), and their mixture (MIX, PF, and OB each accounted for 7.5%) in the growth performance as well as intestinal barrier and immunity-related indexes in growing pigs. Twenty-four cross-bred pigs (32.42 ± 1.95 kg) were divided into four groups: CON (basal diet with no additional DF), PF, OB, and MIX. After 56 days of feeding, we found that the growth performance of PF pigs was decreased ( p & lt; 0.05) compared with pigs in other groups. Results of real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot showed that the improvement of immune-related indexes (e.g., interleukin 10 [ IL-10 ]) in OB and MIX pigs mainly presented in the ileum, whereas the improvement of intestinal barrier–related indexes (e.g., MUC1 and MUC2 ) mainly presented in the colon. Whether in the ileum or colon, such improvement of immune function may be dependent on NOD rather than TLR-associated pathways. Amplicon sequencing results showed that PF and MIX pigs shared a similar bacterial community, such as lower abundance of ileal Clostridiaceae and colonic Streptoccocus than that of CON pigs ( p & lt; 0.05). Our results indicate that OB and MIX, rather than PF, benefit the intestinal health in growing pigs, and multiple-sourced DF may reduce the adverse effect of single-soured DF on the growth performance and gut microbiota in pigs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-302X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.843045
    DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.843045.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587354-4
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