In:
Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 9, No. 11 ( 2022-11-02)
Abstract:
Influenza vaccination during pregnancy reduces influenza-associated illness in the women and their infants, but effectiveness estimates against influenza-associated hospitalization are limited and lacking from settings with high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevalence. We assessed the effect of maternal vaccination in HIV-uninfected women and women with HIV in preventing influenza-associated hospitalizations in infants and the women. Methods During 2015–2018, influenza vaccination campaigns targeting pregnant women were augmented at selected antenatal clinics; these were coupled with prospective hospital-based surveillance for acute respiratory or febrile illness in infants aged & lt;6 months and cardiorespiratory illness among pregnant or postpartum women. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was assessed using a test-negative case-control study. Results Overall, 71 influenza-positive and 371 influenza-negative infants were included in the analysis; mothers of 26.8% of influenza-positive infants were vaccinated during pregnancy compared with 35.6% of influenza-negative infants, corresponding to an adjusted VE (aVE) of 29.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], −33.6% to 62.3%). When limited to vaccine-matched strains, aVE was 65.2% (95% CI, 11.7%–86.3%). For maternal hospitalizations, 56 influenza-positive and 345 influenza-negative women were included in the analysis, with 28.6% of influenza-positive women being vaccinated compared with 38.3% of influenza-negatives, for an aVE of 46.9% (95% CI, −2.8% to 72.5%). Analysis restricted to HIV-uninfected women resulted in 82.8% (95% CI, 40.7%–95.0%) aVE. No significant aVE (−32.5% [95% CI, −208.7% to 43.1%] ) was detected among women with HIV. Conclusions Influenza vaccination during pregnancy prevented influenza-associated hospitalizations among young infants when infected with vaccine strains and among HIV-uninfected women.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
2328-8957
DOI:
10.1093/ofid/ofac552
Language:
English
Publisher:
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2757767-3
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