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  • Lonneman, W. A.  (3)
  • 1995-1999  (3)
Material
Publisher
Person/Organisation
Language
Years
  • 1995-1999  (3)
Year
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Nonmethane Hydrocarbon Intercomparison Experiment (NOMHICE): Task 3
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1999
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 104, No. D21 ( 1999-11-20), p. 26069-26086
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 104, No. D21 ( 1999-11-20), p. 26069-26086
    Abstract: The Nonmethane Hydrocarbon Intercomparison Experiment (NOMHICE) was designed to evaluate current analytical methods used to determine mixing ratios of atmospheric nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs). A series of planned experiments, or tasks, were implemented to test the analytical methods in a graduated fashion. Tasks 1 and 2 involved relatively simple standard gas mixtures prepared by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST). Results are presented here for task 3 in which a complex mixture containing 60 commonly observed NMHCs at concentrations of 1–30 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) in nitrogen diluent gas was prepared and distributed for analysis to 29 participating laboratories throughout the world. Reference mixing ratios were determined jointly by scientists from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Participants were asked to identify and quantify the hydrocarbons present in the mixture and submit their results to NCAR‐NOMHICE scientists. The results were encouraging overall. Some laboratories performed extremely well during this exercise whereas other laboratories experienced problems in either identification or quantification or both. It is evident from the comparison of the NCAR‐NOMHICE results with both the EPA analysis and the top 11 analyses in the study that very good agreement is achievable between laboratories for mixtures in this concentration range. Some of the largest analytical discrepancies were from laboratories that used in‐house standards for their calibration and/or syringe sample injection techniques. A major conclusion from this study is that the use of high‐quality gas phase standards, introduced into the measurement instrument in a similar manner to air samples, is an important prerequisite for an accurate analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/1999JD900793
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1999
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Generation and validation of oxygenated volatile organic carbon standards for the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study Nashville Intensive
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 103, No. D17 ( 1998-09-20), p. 22281-22294
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 103, No. D17 ( 1998-09-20), p. 22281-22294
    Abstract: Two volatile organic compound (VOC) mixtures were made available and utilized for the calibration of instruments and intercomparison exercises at the Youth, Inc. (YI) site during the Southern Oxidants Study Nashville Intensive. Cylinder 1, made by Scott‐Marrin, Inc., contained 14 components (3 nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and 11 oxygen‐containing VOCs (OVOCs)) and is referred to as OVOCl. Cylinder 2, made at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), contained 4 components (one NMHC and three OVOCs) and is referred to as OVOC2. The mixtures were not prepared by either laboratory as primary standards but significant effort was applied to validate their concentrations by several different laboratories using several different techniques. The mixtures were prepared in high‐pressure cylinders in the parts per million by volume (ppmv) range using calibrated syringe methods. Gas Chromatographic (GC) and 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) cartridge/high‐pressure liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) systems were utilized in the calibration of the cylinders. GC detectors included the flame ionization detector (FID) and atomic emission detector (AED). Results obtained with the GC/FID systems for OVOCs were adjusted in terms of the effective carbon number (ECN), obtained from literature values, to correct for the reduced response of the FID for compounds containing oxygen, relative to compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen. Cylinder concentrations were derived and compared based on the ECN‐adjusted FID results, the AED results, and the DNPH cartridge results. The various methods employed agreed to within approximately 15%. Both cylinders were stable (±4%) over a period of 2 years.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98JD01383
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measurements comparison of oxygenated volatile organic compounds at a rural site during the 1995 SOS Nashville Intensive
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 103, No. D17 ( 1998-09-20), p. 22295-22316
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 103, No. D17 ( 1998-09-20), p. 22295-22316
    Abstract: Simultaneous measurements of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) by four independent research groups at the Youth Incorporated (YI) site during the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study Nashville Intensive, between July 4 and 30, 1995, provided a unique opportunity to compare results from different techniques. 2,4‐Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) coated C18 (C18 AtmAA ) and Si‐Gel (Si‐Gel MTE ) cartridges were compared with each other and with two sorbent‐based preconcentration gas chromatographic (GC) techniques coupled with mass spectrometric (MS) detection (GC/MS UM and GC/MS PU ) or flame ionization detection GC/FID UM · The experiment consisted of both a laboratory (part A) and an ambient air comparison (part B). In part A of the study, standard mixtures of OVOCs were diluted in a flowing gas stream of humidified, purified air, both with and without addition of O3, and distributed to participant's instrumentation. Concentrations were compared with the expected values based on known cylinder concentrations and dilution factors. In part B of the study, the instruments sampled ambient air from a common glass manifold. Species intercompared were formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, and propanal. The C18 AtmAA data were typically higher than the Si‐Gel MTE data for the four intercompared compounds, and possible explanations are given. Agreement between the cartridge systems and the GC/MS, GC/FID systems for comeasured compounds was poorer than expected but improved towards the end of the experiment. The GC/MS systems tracked each other well for acetone, but there were differences in the absolute concentration values. These results show that improvements in the accuracy and comparability of techniques should be of high priority.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98JD01753
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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