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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Renal Cancer Detection: Fusing Deep and Texture Features from Histopathology Images
    Hindawi Limited ; 2022
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2022 ( 2022-3-28), p. 1-17
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2022 ( 2022-3-28), p. 1-17
    Abstract: Histopathological images contain morphological markers of disease progression that have diagnostic and predictive values, with many computer-aided diagnosis systems using common deep learning methods that have been proposed to save time and labour. Even though deep learning methods are an end-to-end method, they perform exceptionally well given a large dataset and often show relatively inferior results for a small dataset. In contrast, traditional feature extraction methods have greater robustness and perform well with a small/medium dataset. Moreover, a texture representation-based global approach is commonly used to classify histological tissue images expect in explicit segmentation to extract the structure properties. Considering the scarcity of medical datasets and the usefulness of texture representation, we would like to integrate both the advantages of deep learning and traditional machine learning, i.e., texture representation. To accomplish this task, we proposed a classification model to detect renal cancer using a histopathology dataset by fusing the features from a deep learning model with the extracted texture feature descriptors. Here, five texture feature descriptors from three texture feature families were applied to complement Alex-Net for the extensive validation of the fusion between the deep features and texture features. The texture features are from (1) statistic feature family: histogram of gradient, gray-level cooccurrence matrix, and local binary pattern; (2) transform-based texture feature family: Gabor filters; and (3) model-based texture feature family: Markov random field. The final experimental results for classification outperformed both Alex-Net and a singular texture descriptor, showing the effectiveness of combining the deep features and texture features in renal cancer detection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6141 , 2314-6133
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2022/9821773
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DataSheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 14 ( 2023-6-9)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-6-9)
    Abstract: Programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) inhibition has shown durable response and mild adverse events (AEs) in adult malignancies. However, data on the clinical activity of PD-1 inhibition in pediatric patients are lacking. We comprehensively assessed the efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor-based regimens for pediatric malignancies. Methods We conducted a real-world, multi-institutional, retrospective analysis of pediatric malignancies treated with PD-1 inhibitor-based regimens. The primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DOR), and AEs. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate PFS and DOR. The National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for AEs (version 5.0) were used to grade toxicity. Results A total of 93 and 109 patients were evaluated for efficacy and safety, respectively. For all efficacy-evaluable patients, PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy, combined chemotherapy, combined histone deacetylase inhibitor, and combined vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor cohorts, the ORR and DCR were 53.76%/81.72%, 56.67%/83.33%, 54.00%/80.00%, 100.00%/100.00%, and 12.50%/75.00%, respectively; the median PFS and DOR were 17.6/31.2 months, not achieved/not achieved, 14.9/31.2 months, 17.6/14.9 months, and 3.7/1.8 months, respectively; the incidence rate of AEs were 83.49%, 55.26%, 100.00%, 80.00%, and 100.00%, respectively. One patient in the PD-1 inhibitor-combined chemotherapy cohort discontinued treatment due to diabetic ketoacidosis. Conclusions This largest retrospective analysis demonstrate that PD-1 inhibitor-based regimens are potentially effective and tolerable in pediatric malignancies. Our findings provide references for future clinical trials and practice of PD-1 inhibitors in pediatric cancer patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182751
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182751.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 3
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    Bone Deterioration in Response to Chronic High‐Altitude Hypoxia Is Attenuated by a Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Via the Primary Cilium/ HIF ‐1α Axis
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2023-04), p. 597-614
    Details
    In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Wiley, Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2023-04), p. 597-614
    Abstract: Chronic high‐altitude hypoxia induces irreversible abnormalities in various organisms. Emerging evidence indicates that hypobaric hypoxia markedly suppresses bone mass and bone strength. However, few effective means have been identified to prevent such bone deficits. Here, we assessed the potential of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) to noninvasively resist bone deterioration induced by hypobaric hypoxia. We observed that exogenous PEMF treatment at 15 Hz and 20 Gauss (Gs) improved the cancellous and cortical bone mass, bone microstructure, and skeletal mechano‐properties in rats subjected to chronic exposure of hypobaric hypoxia simulating an altitude of 4500 m for 6 weeks by primarily modulating osteoblasts and osteoblast‐mediated bone‐forming activity. Moreover, our results showed that whereas PEMF stimulated the functional activity of primary osteoblasts in hypoxic culture in vitro, it had negligible effects on osteoclasts and osteocytes exposed to hypoxia. Mechanistically, the primary cilium was found to function as the major electromagnetic sensor in osteoblasts exposed to hypoxia. The polycystins PC‐1/PC‐2 complex was identified as the primary calcium channel in the primary cilium of hypoxia‐exposed osteoblastic cells responsible for the detection of external PEMF signals, and thereby translated these biophysical signals into intracellular biochemical events involving significant increase in the intracellular soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) expression and subsequent elevation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration. The second messenger cAMP inhibited the transcription of oxygen homeostasis‐related hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha (HIF‐1α), and thus enhanced osteoblast differentiation and improved bone phenotype. Overall, the present study not only advances our understanding of bone physiology at high altitudes, but more importantly, proposes effective means to ameliorate high altitude‐induced bone loss in a noninvasive and cost‐effective manner. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0884-0431 , 1523-4681
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.v38.4
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4772
    RVK:
    XA 52230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008867-X
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Perceptions of parents and paediatricians on pain induced by bone marrow aspiration and lumbar puncture among children with acute leukaemia: a qualitative study in China
    BMJ ; 2017
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2017-09), p. e015727-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2017-09), p. e015727-
    Abstract: To obtain in-depth insight into the perceptions of parents and paediatricians in China regarding current procedural pain management on bone marrow aspirations and lumbar punctures in paediatric haemato-oncology department. Design, setting and participants This qualitative study was conducted in a 4500-bed university hospital in northwest China. To collect data, in-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with parents of children with acute leukaemia (n=12) and haemato-oncology paediatricians (n=11) using purposive sampling. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. Results The suffering of procedural pain among paediatric patients was not adequately recognised and properly treated at the paediatric haemato-oncology department. The current paediatric procedural pain management is inadequate for paediatric patients. Crucial factors were identified including lack of awareness about the damage of uncontrolled pain in children, parents’ low supportive ability, the limited capacity to provide general analgesia by anaesthetists, inadequate knowledge in the usage of analgesia and sedation and lack of efficient analgesic for children’s procedural pain. The participants strongly expected optimal interventions to improve paediatric procedural pain management. Conclusions The result suggested a perceived and actual poor management of paediatric procedural pain in haemato-oncology department in northwest China. A relevant pain management education programme for paediatricians and parents as well as an effective pain medication are urgently needed in northwest China. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. Identifier: ChiCTR-INR-16007989.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015727
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A reticuloendothelial system-stealthy dye–albumin nanocomplex as a highly biocompatible and highly luminescent nanoprobe for targeted in vivo tumor imaging
    Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) ; 2014
    In:  RSC Advances Vol. 4, No. 12 ( 2014), p. 6120-
    Details
    In: RSC Advances, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Vol. 4, No. 12 ( 2014), p. 6120-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2046-2069
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47058j
    Language: English
    Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2623224-8
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  • 6
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    Axitinib overcomes multiple imatinib resistant cKIT mutations including the gatekeeper mutation T670I in gastrointestinal stromal tumors
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology Vol. 11 ( 2019-01), p. 175883591984975-
    Details
    In: Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11 ( 2019-01), p. 175883591984975-
    Abstract: cKIT kinase overexpression and gain-of-function mutations are the critical pathogenesis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Although the multiple kinase inhibitors such as imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib have been approved for GISTs, the acquisition of polyclonal secondary resistance mutations in KIT is still a limitation for GIST treatment. Here we explored the KIT inhibitory activity of axitinib in preclinical models and describe initial characterization of its activity in GIST patient-derived primary cells. Methods: The activities of axitinib against mutant KIT were evaluated using protein-based assay and a panel of engineered and GIST-derived cell lines. The binding modes of axitinib-KIT/KIT mutants were analyzed. Four primary cells derived from GIST patients were also used to assess the drug response of axitinib. Results: Axitinib exhibited potent activities against a variety of cKIT associated primary and secondary mutations. It displayed better activity against cKIT wild-type, cKIT V559D/A/G, and L576P primary gain-of-function mutations than imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib. In addition, it could inhibit imatinib resistant cKIT T670I and V654A mutants in vitro and in vivo GIST preclinical models. Conclusion: Our results provide the basis for extending the application of axitinib to GISTs patients who are unresponsive or intolerant to the current therapies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1758-8359 , 1758-8359
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1758835919849757
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2503443-1
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  • 7
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    Preparation of Si–Mn/biochar composite and discussions about characterizations, advances in application and adsorption mechanisms
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Chemosphere Vol. 281 ( 2021-10), p. 130946-
    Details
    In: Chemosphere, Elsevier BV, Vol. 281 ( 2021-10), p. 130946-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0045-6535
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130946
    RVK:
    AR 10100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496851-4
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Finite Element and Experimental Investigation of Human Femur Cortical Bone Microdamage during Radial Fretting
    Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. ; 2012
    In:  Advanced Materials Research Vol. 486 ( 2012-3), p. 313-320
    Details
    In: Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Vol. 486 ( 2012-3), p. 313-320
    Abstract: Accumulation of microdamage can result in increased bone fragility and osteoporotic fracture in human bone.Microcracks in bone have been implicated in the development of stress fractures.The goal of this study was to investigate the human femur cortical bone microdamage during radial fretting and its stress and strain distribution. Modeling and analysis were taken for Haversian system using FEM soft. Analytical results indicated that stress concentration which occurred in the haversian canal and around circumferential lamellas and through the circumferential lamellas and the interstitial tissues could lead to microcrack initiation of multi-areas. In addition, microcrack could occur as a result of a rather large plastic area which crossed interstitial bone and connected adjacent osteon under high load condition. In the meantime, radial fretting behaviors of the fresh human axial femur compact bone were investigated under a flat-on-ball configuration in high accuracy hydraulic servo fretting experimental machine. The kinetics behaviors of the compact bone were revealed by the F-D curves. The surface damage was analyzed combined with the examinations by laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) . The morphologies showed that the microcracks were the primary damage form.The results showed that three typical types of cracks-radial microcrackannular microcrack and linking microcrack were observed. The test results and the FEM analysis results were of good consistency, and brought forth that most of microcracks run between the surrounding interstitial bone and the cement line.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.486
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.486.313
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2265002-7
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Assessment of Fat distribution and Bone quality with Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) in Healthy Chinese Men
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2016
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2016-04-26)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2016-04-26)
    Abstract: Whether fat is beneficial or detrimental to bones is still controversial, which may be due to inequivalence of the fat mass. Our objective is to define the effect of body fat and its distribution on bone quality in healthy Chinese men. A total of 228 men, aged from 38 to 89 years, were recruited. BMD, trabecular bone score (TBS), and body fat distribution were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Subcutaneous and visceral fat were assessed by MRI. In the Pearson correlation analysis, lumbar spine BMD exhibited positive associations with total and all regional fat depots, regardless of the fat distribution. However, the correlation disappeared with adjusted covariables of age, BMI, HDL-C, and HbA1c%. TBS was negatively correlated with fat mass. In multiple linear regression models, android fat (and not gynoid, trunk, or limbs fat) showed significant inverse association with TBS (β = −0.611, P  〈  0.001). Furthermore, visceral fat was described as a pathogenic fat harmful to TBS, even after adjusting for age and BMI (β = −0.280, P = 0.017). Our findings suggested that body fat mass, especially android fat and visceral fat, may have negative effects on bone microstructure; whereas body fat mass contributes to BMD through mechanical loading.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/srep24935
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 10
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    Pulsed electromagnetic fields promote osteogenesis and osseointegration of porous titanium implants in bone defect repair through a Wnt/β-catenin signaling-associated mechanism
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2016
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2016-08-24)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2016-08-24)
    Abstract: Treatment of osseous defects remains a formidable clinical challenge. Porous titanium alloys (pTi) have been emerging as ideal endosseous implants due to the excellent biocompatibility and structural properties, whereas inadequate osseointegration poses risks for unreliable long-term implant stability. Substantial evidence indicates that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), as a safe noninvasive method, inhibit osteopenia/osteoporosis experimentally and clinically. We herein investigated the efficiency and potential mechanisms of PEMF on osteogenesis and osseointegration of pTi in vitro and in vivo . We demonstrate that PEMF enhanced cellular attachment and proliferation and induced well-organized cytoskeleton for in vitro osteoblasts seeded in pTi. PEMF promoted gene expressions in Runx2, OSX, COL-1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PEMF-stimulated group exhibited higher Runx2, Wnt1, Lrp6 and β-catenin protein expressions. In vivo results via μCT and histomorphometry show that 6-week and 12-week PEMF promoted osteogenesis, bone ingrowth and bone formation rate of pTi in rabbit femoral bone defect. PEMF promoted femoral gene expressions of Runx2, BMP2, OCN and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Together, we demonstrate that PEMF improve osteogenesis and osseointegration of pTi by promoting skeletal anabolic activities through a Wnt/β-catenin signaling-associated mechanism. PEMF might become a promising biophysical modality for enhancing the repair efficiency and quality of pTi in bone defect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/srep32045
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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