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  • Frontiers Media SA  (4)
  • Liu, Fang  (4)
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  • Frontiers Media SA  (4)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DataSheet1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-28)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-28)
    Abstract: Background: For anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction, the incidence rate was presented to have increased from the beginning of the 21st century. Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of anaphylaxis are public health concerns. Objective: This guideline aimed to provide high-quality and evidence-based recommendations for the emergency management of anaphylaxis. Method: The panel of health professionals from fifteen medical areas selected twenty-five clinical questions and formulated the recommendations with the supervision of four methodologists. We collected evidence by conducting systematic literature retrieval and using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results: This guideline made twenty-five recommendations that covered the diagnosis, preparation, emergency treatment, and post-emergency management of anaphylaxis. We recommended the use of a set of adapted diagnostic criteria from the American National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network (NIAID/FAAN), and developed a severity grading system that classified anaphylaxis into four grades. We recommended epinephrine as the first-line treatment, with specific doses and routes of administration for different severity of anaphylaxis or different conditions. Proper dosage is critical in the administration of epinephrine, and the monitor is important in the IV administration. Though there was only very low or low-quality evidence supported the use of glucocorticoids and H1 antagonists, we still weakly recommended them as second-line medications. We could not make a well-directed recommendation regarding premedication for preventing anaphylaxis since it is difficult to weigh the concerns and potential effects. Conclusion: For the emergency management of anaphylaxis we conclude that: • NIAID/FAAN diagnostic criteria and the four-tier grading system should be used for the diagnosis • Prompt and proper administration of epinephrine is critical.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.845689
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.845689.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 11 ( 2021-8-19)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2021-8-19)
    Abstract: During the procedure of radiotherapy for superficial tumors, the key to treatment is to ensure that the skin surface receives an adequate radiation dose. However, due to the presence of the built-up effect of high-energy rays, equivalent tissue compensators (boluses) with appropriate thickness should be placed on the skin surface to increase the target radiation dose. Traditional boluses do not usually fit the skin perfectly. Wet gauze is variable in thickness day to day which results in air gaps between the skin and the bolus. These unwanted but avoidable air gaps lead to a decrease of the radiation dose in the target area and can have a poor effect on the outcome. Three-dimensional (3D) printing, a new rising technology named “additive manufacturing” (AM), could create physical models with specific shapes from digital information by using special materials. It has been favored in many fields because of its advantages, including less waste, low-cost, and individualized design. It is not an exception in the field of radiotherapy, personalized boluses made through 3D printing technology also make up for a number of shortcomings of the traditional commercial bolus. Therefore, an increasing number of researchers have tried to use 3D-printed boluses for clinical applications rather than commercial boluses. Here, we review the 3D-printed bolus’s material selection and production process, its clinical applications, and potential radioactive dermatitis. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges that still need to be addressed with the 3D-printed boluses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.698773
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental study on flow-induced motion and energy conversion for two triangular prisms in tandem arrangement
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Energy Research Vol. 11 ( 2023-8-17)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Energy Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2023-8-17)
    Abstract: Experimental tests on two tandem triangular prisms were accomplished in synergistic flow-induced motion (FIM) to collect ocean current energy (OCE) with varied spacing ratios and Reynolds number ranges. Typical FIM responses and energy conversion are discussed and presented. The effects of parameters (system stiffness, spacing ratio, and load resistance) were considered to improve the energy harvesting of the system. The main findings can be summarized as follows: 1) with varied spacing ratios between the two tandem prisms, the active power ( P harn ) was up to 1.95 times that of the single triangular prism (STP); 2) In general, the harnessed OCE capacity of the upstream triangular prism (UTP) was improved, while the energy harvesting of the downstream triangular prism (DTP) was suppressed by the interaction of the two prisms, 3) In the tests, electricity was generated at U = 0.516 m/s, and the active power, which consistently increased as flow velocity increased, reached P harn = 32.24 W, with a corresponding efficiency of η harn = 10.31%; and 4) The best energy conservation performance for harvesting the OCE occurred at L/D = 5, and the optimal load resistance was found at R L = 11 Ω.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-598X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fenrg.2023.1231966
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2733788-1
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effective Combinations of Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy for Cancer Treatment
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 12 ( 2022-2-7)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-2-7)
    Abstract: Though single tumor immunotherapy and radiotherapy have significantly improved the survival rate of tumor patients, there are certain limitations in overcoming tumor metastasis, recurrence, and reducing side effects. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new tumor treatment methods. The new combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy shows promise in improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing recurrence by enhancing the ability of the immune system to recognize and eradicate tumor cells, to overcome tumor immune tolerance mechanisms. Nanomaterials, as new drug-delivery-system materials of the 21st century, can maintain the activity of drugs, improve drug targeting, and reduce side effects in tumor immunotherapy. Additionally, nanomaterials, as radiosensitizers, have shown great potential in tumor radiotherapy due to their unique properties, such as light, heat, electromagnetic effects. Here, we review the mechanisms of tumor immunotherapy and radiotherapy and the synergy of radiotherapy with multiple types of immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), tumor vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, and cytokine therapy. Finally, we propose the potential for nanomaterials in tumor radiotherapy and immunotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.809304
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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