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  • MDPI AG  (4)
  • Ling, Xianzhang  (4)
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  • MDPI AG  (4)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elastoplastic Model Framework for Saturated Soils Subjected to a Freeze–Thaw Cycle Based on Generalized Plasticity Theory
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 21 ( 2021-10-28), p. 6485-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 21 ( 2021-10-28), p. 6485-
    Abstract: The failures of soil slopes during the construction of high-speed railway caused by the soil after the freeze–thaw (F–T) cycle and the subsequent threat to construction safety are critical issues. An appropriate constitutive model for soils accurately describing the deformation characteristics of soil slopes after the F–T cycle is very important. Few constitutive models of soils incorporate the F–T cycle, and the associated flow rule has always been employed in previous models, which results in an overestimation of the deformation of soil exposed to the F–T cycle. Generalized plasticity theory is widely used to predict the performance of geotechnical materials and is especially well adapted to deal with this type of generalized cyclic loading (such as a freeze–thaw cycle), and it overcomes the shortcomings of the associated flow rule that causes larger shear deformation. To this end, an elastoplastic model framework based on generalized plasticity theory with double yield surfaces for saturated soils subjected to F–T cycles was developed. Two types of plastic deformation mechanisms, i.e., plastic volumetric compression and plastic shear, were considered in this elastoplastic model. It was found that this model can accurately predict the mechanical behavior and deformation characteristics of saturated soils after F–T cycles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14216485
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Three-Dimensional Numerical Investigation on the Seepage Field and Stability of Soil Slope Subjected to Snowmelt Infiltration
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Water Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2021-10-02), p. 2729-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 19 ( 2021-10-02), p. 2729-
    Abstract: Cutting slope failures occur frequently along the high-speed railways in Northeast China during the construction due to snowmelt infiltration. This study addresses this issue by applying a three-dimensional numerical model. The influence of the depth of accumulated snow (ds), daily temperature variation (ΔT), and freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles on the seepage field and stability of cutting slopes is discussed. The results demonstrate that water seepage due to snowmelt infiltration primarily extends through the ground surface by about 10 m. The deep-seated instability is likely to occur under a prolonged and highly accumulated infiltration, while shallow failure is associated with intense, short-duration snowmelt infiltration. The maximum degree of saturation (Sr) and pore-water pressure (PWP) values are observed at the slope toe. Increasing ds and ΔT increase the Sr and PWP due to snowmelt infiltration and thereby decreases cutting slope stability. Compared to the ds and ΔT, the F-T cycle is more likely to cause slope failure. In addition, the F-T cycle also induces the reduction of soil strength and the crack propagation. Overall, the conducted study provided useful help toward the process of safer design for cutting slope along the high-speed railway in seasonally cold regions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w13192729
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bearing Properties and Stability Analysis of the Slope Protection Framework Using Recycled Railway Sleepers
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 8 ( 2022-04-12), p. 4619-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 8 ( 2022-04-12), p. 4619-
    Abstract: The slope protection framework developed using recycled railway sleepers offers a novel sustainable solution for slope protection. However, this has been inadequately reported, and its force and deformation, its protective effect, and the bonding characteristics between sleepers are still unclear. The slope protection framework project of a recycled railway sleeper embankment slope on the Beijing–Tongliao railway was numerically analyzed using three typical recycled railway sleeper slope protection structures. The bearing properties and the slope stability of rectangular, rhombic, and herringbone framework structures were determined. The results show that the stress state, stress level, and failure mode of the three types of slope protection structures are similar on average. The slope protection skeleton’s stress concentration position and failure area are all concentrated at the sleeper connection node at the slope base. The rectangular and rhombic framework structures have better stability than the herringbone framework. This study proposes applying a slope protection framework constructed entirely using recycled railway sleepers. Furthermore, it allows for proper disposal of recycled railway sleepers and a reduction in stone mining.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su14084619
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stress–Strain Model for Freezing Silty Clay under Frost Heave Based on Modified Takashi’s Equation
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 10, No. 21 ( 2020-11-02), p. 7753-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 21 ( 2020-11-02), p. 7753-
    Abstract: In analyzing frost heave, researchers often simplify the compressive modulus of freezing soil by considering it as a constant or only as a function of temperature. However, it is a critical parameter characterizing the stress–strain behavior of soil and a variable that is influenced by many other parameters. Hence, herein several one-dimensional freezing experiments are conducted on silty clay in an open system subjected to multistage freezing by considering the compressive modulus as a variable. First, freezing soil under multistage freezing is divided into several layers according to the frozen fringe theory. Then, the correlation between the freezing rate and temperature gradient within each freezing soil layer is investigated. Takashi’s equation for frost heave analysis is modified to extend its application conditions by replacing its freezing rate term with a temperature gradient term. A mechanical model for the stress–strain behavior of freezing soil under the action of frost heave is derived within the theoretical framework of nonlinear elasticity, in which a method for determining the compressive modulus of freezing soil with temperature gradient, overburden pressure, and cooling temperature variables is proposed. This study further enhances our understanding of the typical mechanical behavior of saturated freezing silty clay under frost heave action.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app10217753
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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