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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modelling and Control Methods in Path Tracking Control for Autonomous Agricultural Vehicles: A Review of State of the Art and Challenges
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2023-06-15), p. 7155-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2023-06-15), p. 7155-
    Abstract: This paper provides a review of path-tracking strategies used in autonomous agricultural vehicles, mainly from two aspects: vehicle model construction and the development and improvement of path-tracking algorithms. Vehicle models are grouped into numerous types based on the structural characteristics and working conditions, including wheeled tractors, tracked tractors, rice transplanters, high clearance sprays, agricultural robots, agricultural tractor–trailers, etc. The application and improvement of path-tracking control methods are summarized based on the different working scenes and types of agricultural machinery. This study explores each of these methods in terms of accuracy, stability, robustness, and disadvantages/advantages. The main challenges in the field of agricultural vehicle path tracking control are defined, and future research directions are offered based on critical reviews. This review aims to provide a reference for determining which controllers to use in path-tracking control development for an autonomous agricultural vehicle.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app13127155
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Soil hydrologic properties in permanent raised beds—A field study experiment on wheat–maize cropping systems
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Land Degradation & Development Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2023-02-15), p. 698-709
    Details
    In: Land Degradation & Development, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2023-02-15), p. 698-709
    Abstract: Permanent raised beds (PRB) are widely applied in agriculture around the World and have proven to be an excellent option for crops (wheat, maize, etc.). In particular, they have the potential to conserve soil and water resources in agricultural production globally. Many researchers are studying the effects of PRB on soil chemical properties (N, P, K, and SOC), plant growth characteristics, and water use efficiency in different regions. However, few experiments have investigated the soil's hydraulic performance. In this study, a 6‐year field experiment was conducted under a maize–wheat rotation cropping system in North China Plain (NCP). The effects on the soil's hydraulic properties of no‐tillage (NT) and traditional tillage (TT) on flat fields and no‐till PRB treatments were assessed. Specifically, nine soil samples were collected at 0–15 cm depth and 15–30 cm depth to assess the soil's hydraulic performance. The results showed that the total porosity under PRB (42.1%, 15–30 cm) was significantly improved by 13.5% compared to TT (37.1%, 15–30 cm). The soil organic carbon under PRB (8.65%, 15–30 cm) was increased by 13.82% compared to TT (7.6%, 15–30 cm). Changes in the slope ( b ) of the soil water retention characteristic curve under the PRB (7.2, 15–30 cm) treatment were indicative of an improvement in the pore size distribution, increased soil water retention, and greater infiltration rates. In addition, positive changes in lateral water infiltration from furrow irrigation were observed under PRB (over 25 mm min ‐1 in 45 min). These improved soil physical parameters demonstrated that PRB can offer more possibilities for water conservation in the field. In addition, the application of PRB and the principles of conservation agriculture have potential for the effective of water use efficiency and for improving the quality of soil.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1085-3278 , 1099-145X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ldr.v34.3
    DOI: 10.1002/ldr.4487
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021787-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1319202-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research on acoustic wave attenuation from the perspective of soil particle movement using the discrete element method
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Computers and Electronics in Agriculture Vol. 207 ( 2023-04), p. 107747-
    Details
    In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Elsevier BV, Vol. 207 ( 2023-04), p. 107747-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0168-1699
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.compag.2023.107747
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016151-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Review of Research Progress on Soil Organic Cover Machinery in China
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Agriculture Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2022-08-25), p. 1311-
    Details
    In: Agriculture, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 9 ( 2022-08-25), p. 1311-
    Abstract: Soil organic cover technology is an effective way to solve agricultural productivity and agro-environmental issues. However, some factors limit the widespread adoption of its application, including unclear soil organic cover effects and the lack of high-performance soil organic cover machinery. Aiming to solve the existing problems, improve soil organic cover quality, and reduce energy consumption, this article reviewed the common and commercial machines by reviewing the existing literature and company products. The current problems and technical difficulties of the machines were expounded. Simultaneously, the method of design and optimization of the device (chopper, spreader, rotary tiller, and plow) and its key parts (blades, discs, and plows) were reviewed. Furthermore, the features and differences of the devices and their key parts were compared, and their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. In conclusion, the future directions for soil organic cover technology and machinery development were suggested, including clarifying the soil organic cover effect, selecting the suitable soil organic cover patterns, and developing soil organic cover machinery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agriculture12091311
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651678-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research on Acoustic Wave Attenuation from the Perspective of Soil Particle Movement Using the Discrete Element Method
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  SSRN Electronic Journal
    Details
    In: SSRN Electronic Journal, Elsevier BV
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1556-5068
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4329494
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Featured Front Cover
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Land Degradation & Development Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2023-02-15)
    Details
    In: Land Degradation & Development, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2023-02-15)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1085-3278 , 1099-145X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ldr.v34.3
    DOI: 10.1002/ldr.4638
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021787-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1319202-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Current Situation and Future Development Direction of Soil Covering and Compacting Technology under Precision Seeding Conditions in China
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2023-05-29), p. 6586-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2023-05-29), p. 6586-
    Abstract: Precision seeding is an effective technical way to improve quality and reduce material costs. However, certain factors limit the development and promotion of precision seeding technology, among which the main factor is that the agronomic requirements of sowing vary significantly in different areas, and there is a lack of suitable implements; at the same time, each link among the parts interact, which brings specific difficulties to improving the operational effect. This paper summarizes the precision seeding technology from the perspective of precision seeding realization and the consistency of seed spacing and use of consistent sowing depth control technology. A detailed description is included of the precision seed-discharge technology, the smooth seed-dropping technology, and the seed falling into the seed bed with precision. The need for regulation technology for consistent sowing depth is explained from a developmental perspective. The research status of compatible sowing depth control technology is described, as used in soil covering and compacting. This paper presents the problems and future development directions of soil-covering and compacting technology under precision-seeding conditions, including developing adaptable regional soil-covering and compacting devices, improving the processing and equipment technology of enterprises, strengthening the structural optimization design of soil-covering and compacting devices, conducting research into soil-covering and compacting control methods, and promoting the intellectual development of agricultural equipment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app13116586
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Various Edge-Curve Types and Rotational Speeds of Disc Blades on Breaking Force and Energy Consumption in the Maize Stalk Chopping Process
    American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) ; 2021
    In:  Applied Engineering in Agriculture Vol. 37, No. 5 ( 2021), p. 951-965
    Details
    In: Applied Engineering in Agriculture, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), Vol. 37, No. 5 ( 2021), p. 951-965
    Abstract: Highlights The peak breaking force and energy consumption change in maize stalk were predicted by the FEM. A high SADBT reduced the PBFR and PBFS and increased the ECSC. The TRYDB had the most critical effect on the peak breaking force and energy consumption. Abstract. The mechanized retention of stalks is the primary method to avoid open burning. However, the variation in the breaking force and energy consumption in the chopping process of mechanized retention must be clarified. Therefore, based on the finite element method (FEM) and field validation experiments, the effects of various edge-curve types and rotational speeds of disc blades for maize stalk retention on the breaking force and energy consumption were examined. The test indices were the peak breaking force of the rind (PBFR) and stalk (PBFS), energy consumption of stalk chopping (ECSC), and energy transmission efficiency (ETE). The test factors were the spiral disc blade type (Archimedean, logarithmic, and sinusoidal-exponential spiral), slide-cutting angles of the disc blade tip (SADBT, 30°, 40°, 50°, and 60°), rotational speed of the Y-type blade (RSYB, 1400, 1600, 1800, 2000, 2200, and 2400 rpm), and transmission ratio between Y-type and disc blades (TRYDB, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0). The chopping process was divided into the cutting processes of the initial rind, rind and pith, final rind, and stalk end. The results showed that the SADBT, TRYDB, and RSYB had significant effects on the PBFR, PBFS, ECSC, and ETE. The most influential factor on all test indices was the TRYDB. The RSYB positively affected the PBFR, PBFS, and ECSC. The growth rates of the PBFR, PBFS, and ECSC increased with the TRYDB. The maximum PBFR, PBFS, and ETE values were obtained under an SADBT of 60°, and the maximum ECSC value was obtained under an SADBT of 40°. The difference in energy consumption between the field validation experiment and simulation was less than 10%, which proved the correct results of the FEM simulation. Keywords: Energy consumption, Finite element method, Maize stalk, Peak breaking force, Slide cutting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1943-7838
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.13031/aea.14625
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Design and Experiment of a Reciprocating Intermittent Chopping Device for Maize Straw Returning
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Agriculture Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-02-03), p. 220-
    Details
    In: Agriculture, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-02-03), p. 220-
    Abstract: Straw returning has shown great advantages in residue management and soil protection in crop planting systems. Mechanized retention of straw is the primary straw returning method, which can reduce costs and improve efficiency. It is important to increase the chopping quality in the field of straw returning, because poor chopping quality will provoke a series of problems including seeding blockage. Straw chopping pass rate (CPR) is an important indicator to measure the chopping quality. Therefore, the CPR of straw should be improved during the chopping process. This paper introduced a novel maize straw chopping device. With the ground as the support, the maize straw was chopped rapidly in the vertical direction. The key parameters of the chopping device were determined by establishing mathematical models and kinematics simulation analysis methods via ADAMS. The effects of rotational velocity, installation positions of chopping units, and the tractor forward velocity on the CPR of maize straw and soil bulk density (SBD) were examined through the Box–Behnken design method. The test factors were the rotational velocities of the chopping units (RV, 550 rpm, 650 rpm, 750 rpm), the installation distance of the two chopping units (IDTCU, 480 mm, 600 mm, 720 mm), and the velocity of the tractor (VT, 3 km/h, 4 km/h, 5 km/h). The results showed that the maximum CPR value and better value of SBD were obtained under the RV of 610 rpm, the IDTCU of 526.8 mm, and the VT of 3.96 km/h. Finally, field validation experiments were conducted under the RV of 610 rpm, the IDTCU of 550 mm, and the VT of 4 km/h. The results showed that the CPR of maize straw was 92.0%, which was superior to the requirement as stipulated in the National Standards of China (CPR ≥ 85%). In addition, in 0–50 mm and 50–100 mm soil layers, the bulk density was decreased by 25.42% and 13.24%, respectively. These results become of considerable importance for crop production in China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agriculture12020220
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651678-0
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