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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The effect of 17β-estradiol on cholesterol content in human macrophages is influenced by the lipoprotein milieu
    Bioscientifica ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Molecular Endocrinology Vol. 47, No. 1 ( 2011-06-6), p. 109-117
    Details
    In: Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, Bioscientifica, Vol. 47, No. 1 ( 2011-06-6), p. 109-117
    Abstract: Estrogen and testosterone are thought to modulate coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. To examine how these hormones affect human macrophage cholesterol transport, a key factor in atherogenesis, we obtained monocytes from healthy male and postmenopausal female donors (age 50–70 years). Cells were allowed to differentiate in autologous serum. Human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) were exposed to estrogen, testosterone, or vehicle, during differentiation. Cells were cholesterol enriched with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in the presence of treatment. Cell cholesterol mass, efflux, and the expression of proteins involved in HMDM cholesterol transport were examined. Estrogen significantly reduced cholesteryl ester (CE) content in both female and male HMDMs while having no measurable effect on cholesterol efflux. Testosterone did not affect cholesterol content or efflux. Both hormones significantly but modestly affected the gene expression of several proteins involved in HMDM transport, yet these effects did not translate into significant changes in protein expression. In THP-1 macrophages, the effect of estrogen on CE content was more potent in unloaded macrophages and was estrogen receptor dependent. A trend for a reduction in non-oxLDL uptake by estrogen was observed and was also found to be dependent upon estrogen receptor activation. Our data indicate that estrogen, but not testosterone, reduces CE accumulation in HMDMs obtained from a CHD age relevant population, independent of changes in the expression of proteins important to macrophage cholesterol transport. In THP-1 cells, this effect is reduced in the presence of oxLDL, indicating that a pro-atherogenic lipoprotein milieu is an important variable in sex hormone modulation of CHD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0952-5041 , 1479-6813
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/JME-10-0158
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Bioscientifica
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478171-2
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Use of hamster as a model to study diet-induced atherosclerosis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2010
    In:  Nutrition & Metabolism Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2010), p. 89-
    Details
    In: Nutrition & Metabolism, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2010), p. 89-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1743-7075
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-7-89
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2160376-5
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  • 3
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    Sex hormone modulation of proinflammatory cytokine and C-reactive protein expression in macrophages from older men and postmenopausal women
    Bioscientifica ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 206, No. 2 ( 2010-05-18), p. 217-224
    Details
    In: Journal of Endocrinology, Bioscientifica, Vol. 206, No. 2 ( 2010-05-18), p. 217-224
    Abstract: Inflammation plays a central role in the development and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD). The sex hormones estrogen and testosterone have been shown to modify the inflammatory response by influencing cytokine expression in human macrophages obtained from younger individuals. The effect of these hormones on the expression of proinflammatory markers in macrophages obtained from a CHD age-relevant population has not been studied. Human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) were obtained from healthy normolipidemic men and postmenopausal women (age 50–70 years), and cultured in autologous serum along with both physiological and supraphysiological concentrations of estrogen or testosterone. HMDMs were stimulated with oxidized low-density lipoproteins, and the expression of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α or TNF), interleukin (IL)6, and IL-1β (IL1B) and of the acute-phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured. Both physiological and supraphysiological concentrations of testosterone reduced the expression and secretion of TNF-α and reduced the expression of IL-1β, but did not affect the expression of IL6 or CRP. Estrogen did not modify the expression of TNF-α, IL6, and IL-1β. Estrogen caused a variable response in CRP expression that was positively associated with the plasma small dense LDL-cholesterol concentration of the donors. There were no gender differences in any of the observed effects. Our results indicate that testosterone may exert anti-inflammatory effects by reducing macrophage TNF-α expression, while the effects of estrogen on macrophage CRP expression may depend upon the extracellular lipid environment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-0795 , 1479-6805
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1677/JOE-10-0057
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Bioscientifica
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474892-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Western-Type Dietary Pattern Induces an Atherogenic Gene Expression Profile in the Coronary Arteries of the Ossabaw Pig
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  Current Developments in Nutrition Vol. 3, No. 5 ( 2019-05), p. nzz023-
    Details
    In: Current Developments in Nutrition, Elsevier BV, Vol. 3, No. 5 ( 2019-05), p. nzz023-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2475-2991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz023
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2908329-1
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  • 5
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    Diet Indices Reflecting Changes to Dietary Guidelines for Americans from 1990 to 2015 Are More Strongly Associated with Risk of Coronary Artery Disease Than the 1990 Diet Index
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  Current Developments in Nutrition Vol. 3, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. nzz123-
    Details
    In: Current Developments in Nutrition, Elsevier BV, Vol. 3, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. nzz123-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2475-2991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz123
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2908329-1
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  • 6
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    Peripheral Inflammatory Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction Risk: A Prospective Community-Based Study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2017
    In:  Clinical Chemistry Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 2017-03-01), p. 663-672
    Details
    In: Clinical Chemistry, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 2017-03-01), p. 663-672
    Abstract: Most previous studies regarding chronic inflammation and risk of myocardial infarction (MI) have lacked repeated measures of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and/or white blood cell (WBC) count over time. We examined whether cumulative average and longitudinal changes in these biomarkers were associated with subsequent MI risk. METHODS In this prospective, community-based study, we included 82544 Chinese participants [66796 men and 15748 women; mean (SD) age 55.1 (9.86) y] without prior cardiovascular diseases or cancer at baseline (2006–2007). hs-CRP, WBC and other clinical covariates were assessed at baseline and every 2 years during follow-up. RESULTS During 6 years of follow-up (2006–2012), we documented 714 incident MI cases. Higher baseline and cumulative average concentrations of hs-CRP and/or WBC were consistently associated with increased risk of MI (Ptrend & lt;0.001 for both). Longitudinal increase in hs-CRP (Ptrend & lt;0.001), but not WBC, was also associated with a higher future risk of MI, after adjustment for their baseline values and other covariates. Each 1-mg/L increment per year in hs-CRP was associated with a 9.3% increase in risk for future MI [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.03; 1.17]. Participants with high-grade inflammatory status (hs-CRP ≥10 mg/L and WBC ≥10 × 109/L) had a higher risk of MI occurring & lt;3 months after hs-CRP/WBC assessments vs those with hs-CRP & lt;0.5 mg/L and WBC & lt;5 × 109/L (HR = 6.64; 95% CI, 1.49–29.6), as compared with MI occurring ≥4 years (HR = 2.95; 95% CI, 0.90, 9.65). CONCLUSIONS Plasma hs-CRP concentration and WBC predicted MI risk. Longitudinal increase in hs-CRP was also associated with a higher risk of MI.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-9147 , 1530-8561
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.260828
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 7
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    Alternative approaches to the calculation of nutrient density : Nutrition Reviews©, Vol. 66, No. 12
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2008
    In:  Nutrition Reviews Vol. 66, No. 12 ( 2008-11-19), p. 703-709
    Details
    In: Nutrition Reviews, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 66, No. 12 ( 2008-11-19), p. 703-709
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0029-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2008.00124.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066844-2
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  • 8
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    Effect of an isoenergetic traditional Mediterranean diet on apolipoprotein A-I kinetic in men with metabolic syndrome
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2013
    In:  Nutrition Journal Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2013-12)
    Details
    In: Nutrition Journal, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2013-12)
    Abstract: The impact of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) kinetics has not been studied to date. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of the MedDiet in the absence of changes in body weight on apolipoprotein (apo) A-I kinetic in men with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods Twenty-six men with MetS (NCEP-ATP III) were recruited from the general community. In this fixed sequence study, participants’ diet was first standardized to a control diet reflecting current averages in macronutrient intake in North American men, with all foods and beverages provided under isoenergetic conditions for 5 weeks. Participants were then fed an isoenergetic MedDiet over a subsequent period of 5 weeks to maintain their weight constant. During the last week of each diet, participants received a single bolus dose of [5,5,5- 2 H 3 ] L -leucine and fasting blood samples were collected at predetermined time points. ApoA-I kinetic was determined by multicompartmental modeling using isotopic enrichment data over time. Data were analyses using MIXED models. Results The response of HDL-cholesterol (C) to MedDiet was heterogeneous, such that there was no mean change compared with the control diet. Plasma apoA-I concentration (−3.9%) and pool size (−5.3%, both P   〈  0.05) were significantly lower after MedDiet and apoA-I production rate tended to be reduced (−5.7%, P  = 0.07) with no change in apoA-I fractional catabolic rate (FCR, -1.6%, P  = 0.64). Participants among whom HDL-C concentrations were increased with MedDiet (responders: mean ∆HDL-C: +9.9 ± 3.2%, N = 11) showed significantly greater reductions in apoA-I FCR and in apoB and very-low-density lipoprotein-triglycerides (VLDL-TG) concentrations (all P   〈  0.04) than those among whom HDL-C levels were reduced after the MedDiet (non-responders: mean ∆HDL-C: -12.0 ± 3.9%, N = 8). Correlation analysis revealed that only variations in apoA-I FCR ( r  = -0.48, P  = 0.01) and in plasma VLDL-TG (r = −0.45, P  = 0.03) concentrations were correlated with the individual HDL-C response to the MedDiet. Conclusions Data from this controlled feeding study suggest that the heterogeneous response of HDL-C to MedDiet, in the absence of important weight loss, is primarily related to individual variations in apoA-I FCR and in plasma VLDL-TG concentrations. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov registration number: NCT00988650
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1475-2891
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-76
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2091602-4
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Changes in cholesterol homeostasis modify the response of F1B hamsters to dietary very long chain n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2011
    In:  Lipids in Health and Disease Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2011-12)
    Details
    In: Lipids in Health and Disease, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2011-12)
    Abstract: The plasma lipoprotein response of F1B Golden-Syrian hamsters fed diets high in very long chain (VLC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is paradoxical to that observed in humans. This anomaly is attributed, in part, to low lipoprotein lipase activity and is dependent on cholesterol status. To further elucidate the mechanism(s) for these responses, hamsters were fed diets containing supplemental fish oil (VLC n-3 PUFA) or safflower oil (n-6 PUFA) (both 10% [w/w]) and either cholesterol-supplemented (0.1% cholesterol [w/w] ) or cholesterol-depleted (0.01% cholesterol [w/w] and 10 days prior to killing fed 0.15% lovastatin+2% cholestyramine [w/w] ). Results Cholesterol-supplemented hamsters fed fish oil, relative to safflower oil, had higher non-high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations (P 〈 0.001) which were associated with lower hepatic low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c and acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyl transferase-2 (ACAT) mRNA and protein (p 〈 0.05), and higher hepatic apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 and apo E protein levels. In contrast, cholesterol-depleted hamsters fed fish oil, relative to safflower oil, had lower non-HDL cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations (P 〈 0.001) which were associated with lower hepatic SREBP-1c (p 〈 0.05) but not apo B-100, apo E or ACAT-2 mRNA or protein levels. Independent of cholesterol status, fish oil fed hamsters had lower HDL cholesterol concentrations (p 〈 0.001), which were associated with lower hepatic apoA-I protein levels (p 〈 0.05). Conclusion These data suggest disturbing cholesterol homeostasis in F1B hamsters alters their response to dietary fatty acids, which is reflected in altered plasma lipoprotein patterns and regulation of genes associated with their metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1476-511X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/1476-511X-10-186
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2091381-3
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  • 10
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    Critical assessment of high-circulation print newspaper coverage of the Institute of Medicine report Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2014
    In:  Public Health Nutrition Vol. 17, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 1868-1876
    Details
    In: Public Health Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 17, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 1868-1876
    Abstract: To evaluate high-circulation US and Canadian newspaper coverage of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D and assess pre-report and post-report reporter-specific vitamin D-related coverage. Design Two independent reviewers analysed the newspaper articles. The key report findings cited, proportion of sentences describing the IOM report and proportion of sentences describing critical viewpoints on the report were calculated. The content of articles written by reporters with a history of pre-report vitamin D-related articles was compared with that of articles written by reporters without such a history. Setting Factiva and LexisNexis searches of the top thirty US and three English-language Canadian print newspapers, by circulation. Subjects Articles on the IOM report published from 30 November to 21 December 2010 and previous vitamin D-related articles written by the same reporters. Results Only ten articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Articles inconsistently cited the key findings in the IOM report. Reporters with a history of pre-report articles highlighting the benefits of vitamin D dedicated a greater proportion of sentences to viewpoints critical of the IOM report ( P 〈 0·01). There was no significant difference between pre-report publication history and proportion of sentences focused on the IOM report. A borderline-significant difference ( P = 0·058) was observed between pre-report articles highlighting the benefits of vitamin D and the absence of reference to potential risks of vitamin D overconsumption. Conclusion Our findings suggest that newspaper articles did not consistently or comprehensively report the IOM recommendations and that pre-report publication history of reporters was related to post-report article content.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1368-9800 , 1475-2727
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1368980013002073
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016337-X
    SSG: 21
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