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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Observation and Measurement of Smokers’ Ash Removal Behavior in China
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2018
    In:  Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research Vol. 28, No. 1 ( 2018-4-1), p. 42-50
    Details
    In: Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 28, No. 1 ( 2018-4-1), p. 42-50
    Abstract: In order to investigate the main factors behind hot coal fallout during cigarette smoking, an in-use behavior survey among smokers was conducted in three locations (Guiyang, Shijiazhuang and Nanchang) in China. In addition, a measuring device was designed to record whether a flicking or tapping force was exerted to remove ash and to record the force applied as well as their characteristic parameters. We found that there was no significant difference among the behavior characteristic parameters of the users in the three locations. The proportion of consumers who applied flicking was higher than the proportion of consumers tapping. There were some differences in the in-use behavior when smoking King Size and Superslim cigarettes. The work could help to develop a suitable hot coal fallout test method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1612-9237
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2018-0005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2125737-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3122575-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mechanism of moisture adsorption in plant fibers surface-modified with glycerol evaluated by LF-NMR relaxation technique
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Cellulose Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2022-03), p. 2145-2158
    Details
    In: Cellulose, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2022-03), p. 2145-2158
    Abstract: Surface modification by humectants is an important technology to improve product quality in textile field, healthcare, tobacco processing and paper-making industry. As a common humectant glycerol is applied to keep the moisture adsorbability of the plant fibers during manufacturing. The effects of glycerol on the moisture adsorption of the plant fibers were studied by analyzing the induced differences of bulk and surface physicochemical property with XRD, FTIR, SEM characterizations. The improvement of moisture adsorption capacity of the modified plant fibers was caused by the increased active adsorption sites, while the moisture diffusion resistance increased simultaneously with glycerol indicated by a declining D eff . LF-NMR relaxation spectra demonstrated the water state and distribution in the plant fibers were changed by loading glycerol. The moisture transfer mechanisms induced by glycerol were also investigated. Free water failed to materialize in the plant fibers treated with glycerol, immobile water existed preferentially during the adsorption, and bound water presented increasing after the immobile water was saturated. These findings are referenced values to improve the manufacturing processes of moisture-retaining properties of different functional plant fibers. Graphical abstract
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0969-0239 , 1572-882X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10570-022-04449-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496831-9
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