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  • Lee, Ji Sung  (17)
  • Medicine  (17)
  • 1
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 51, No. Suppl_1 ( 2020-02)
    Abstract: Background: There is evidence that smoking increases stroke risk. However, the impact of smoking status on age at onset of ischemic stroke has not been studied. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of smoking status on the age at onset of first-ever ischemic stroke using the Korean Stroke Registry(KSR), the nation-wide, multicenter, hospital-based stroke registry in Republic of Korea. Methods: This study used individual data of first-ever ischemic stroke patients from the KSR, between 2014 and 2018. We divided the patients into four groups according to their smoking status; current smokers, past-smokers - quit in recent 5 years, past smokers - quit over than 5 years, and never-smokers. Results: A total of 27,942 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age at onset of the first-ever stroke were 60.0±11.9 in current smokers, 65.9±11.9 past-smokers - quit in recent 5 years, 70.1±10.8 in past smoker - quit over than 5 years, and 70.5±12.8 in never-smokers (p 〈 0.001). In the stroke subtypes analysis, the mean age at onset of the first-ever stroke were 60.9±12.5, 66.7±11.2, 70.7±10.8, and 71.1±11.9 in large artery atherosclerosis group, 58.8±10.8, 63.8±11.1, 68.2±10.4, and 68.6±12.0 in small vessel occlusion group, and 64.1±11.9, 67.7±11.6, 71.8±10.3, and 73.8±11.4 in cardioembolism group, respectively (all p 〈 0.001). Conclusions: The smoking status of patients was associated with an earlier onset age of the first-ever stroke. The onset age tends to be delayed with the longer duration of cessation period.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 52, No. Suppl_1 ( 2021-03)
    Abstract: Background and purpose: With the wide spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) around the world, not only patients with COVID-19, but also patients with other disease such as stroke have undergone many changes in their health-seeking behavior. Between late February and March 2020, COVID-19 was epidemic in the community of Daegu city and Gyeongsangbuk-do region (D-G region) in Korea. We aimed to clarify the changes in the health-seeking behaviors of stroke patients and stroke care services by region in Korea through analysis of data from Korean Stroke Registry (KSR). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data with acute stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients between 2019 and 2020. We compared the stroke onset to hospital arrival (onset-to-door) time of these patients in the D-G region and other regions in Korea during the epidemic period in 2020 (post-COVID-19: February 18-March 31, 2020) and the same period in 2019 (Pre-COVID-19). In addition, we investigated the in-hospital stroke pathways with the patients. Results: 1,792 patients in pre-COVID-19 and 1,555 patients in post-COVID-19 who visited KSR-registered hospitals were analyzed. Compared to pre-COVID-19, the number of patients registered in KSR decreased in most regions in post-COVID-19. In the D-G region, the number of registered patients decreased by two thirds, and the proportion of patients with TIA decreased significantly. (9.97% to 2.91%). Unlike other regions, the median onset-to-door time increased significantly in the D-G region (361 versus 526.5 minutes, p=0.0084). The proportion of patients with onset-to-door time within 3 hours also decreased significantly (36.45% versus 28.16%, p=0.0485). Patients in their 60s and 70s and mild symptoms (NIHSS score 0 to 3) came to the hospital later. As a result, the patients who underwent thrombectomy also decreased, but the treatment time did not differ between the two periods. Conclusion: During the epidemic of COVID-19, the patients residing in the epicenter showed distinct changes in health-seeking behavior. Appropriate public education about stroke is needed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 47, No. suppl_1 ( 2016-02)
    Abstract: Background: The widespread use of drip-and-ship strategy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is confined by the safety concerns during transfer. However, recent development of endovascular therapy (EVT) might add the advantage of higher recanalization rate to this strategy. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of drip-and-ship versus conventional (front-door) strategy of preceding intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in large artery occlusion stroke patients receiving EVT. Method: From a prospective multicenter stroke registry (CRCS-5) database, we identified AIS patients treated with IVT and EVT within 8 h of onset and admitted to the 14 participating centers between 2008 and 2013. Safety outcomes were symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and 3-month mortality. Effectiveness outcome was a 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis using generalized estimating equation to estimate adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the drip-and-ship versus the front-door. Results: Of 16929 AIS patients registered during 64 months, 480 were treated with IVT and EVT within 8 h, and 61 (13%) were categorized into drip-and-ship group. Mean onset to IVT and IVT to EVT times were 117±51 and 187±69 minutes in drip-and-ship strategy and 127±59 and 75±38 minutes in front-door strategy, respectively. Forty-eight drip-and-ship cases were matched to 146 front-door cases by age and initial NIH stroke scale (NIHSS). Compared to the front-door cases, the drip-and-ship cases were more likely to be a habitual smoker, and treated with standard dose alteplase. sICH developed in 5.5% of the front-door strategy and 10.4% of the drip-and-ship strategy (p=0.146). After adjustment for age, initial NIHSS, pre-stroke mRS score, and variables with p 〈 0.1 from bivariate analysis, the ORs (95% CIs) of the drip-and-ship strategy were 2.48 (0.73 - 8.44) for sICH, 0.95 (0.50 - 1.81) for shift to lower score of 3-month mRS, and 1.15 (0.37 - 3.62) for 3-month mortality. Conclusion: The drip-and-ship strategy did not improve functional recovery at 3 months, and the safety issues might still exist in patients receiving EVT. However, there is a possible underestimation of initial stroke severity in drip and ship patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 4
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 45, No. suppl_1 ( 2014-02)
    Abstract: Background: Recovery after acute ischemic stroke is usually bi-phasic. It begins early with speed and slows down after the first month. Many factors have been reported as determinants of functional outcomes. However, there is a paucity of information on their differential effects on early and late recovery. Methods: Using a multicenter prospective stroke registry database, we identified ischemic stroke patients who were hospitalized within 7 days of onset to 12 hospitals, who were discharged within 30 days. Early recovery was defined as improvement of ≥ 4 points or 〉 50% in the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores between baseline and discharge, and late recovery was as improvement of ≥ 1 point in mRS scores between discharge and 3 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate effects of independent variables considering a correlation between the two dependent variables, early and late recovery. Results: During 54 months, 11088 patients met the eligibility criteria. Early recovery was observed in 36% and median NIHSS change from baseline to discharge was 3 points. Late recovery was found in 33%. Multivariate analysis for revealed that 1) age, pre-stroke mRS, initial NIHSS and prior statin use were associated with both the early and late recovery, 2) onset to arrival time, large artery atherosclerosis, previous stroke, initial blood glucose level, congestive heart failure, thrombolytic treatment were with the early recovery only, and 3) cardioembolism and statin at discharge were with the late recovery only (p’s 〈 0.05). Tests for estimating equality showed that age, onset to arrival time, initial NIHSS, initial blood glucose level, systolic blood pressure, smoking, thrombolytic treatment had differential effects on early and late recovery (p’s 〈 0.05). Conclusion: Many of known determinants of 3-month functional outcome may have differential effects on early and late recovery of acute ischemic stroke.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 5
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 47, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 128-134
    Abstract: Selecting among different antiplatelet strategies when patients experience a new ischemic stroke while taking aspirin is a common clinical challenge, currently addressed by a paucity of data. Methods— This study is an analysis of a prospective multicenter stroke registry database from 14 hospitals in South Korea. Patients with acute noncardioembolic stroke, who were taking aspirin for prevention of ischemic events at the time of onset of stroke, were enrolled. Study subjects were divided into 3 groups according to the subsequent antiplatelet therapy strategy pursued; maintaining aspirin monotherapy (MA group), switching aspirin to nonaspirin antiplatelet agents (SA group), and adding another antiplatelet agent to aspirin (AA group). The primary study end point was the composite of stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic), myocardial infarction, and vascular death up to 1 year after stroke onset. Results— A total of 1172 patients were analyzed for this study. Antiplatelet strategies pursued in study patients were MA group in 212 (18.1%), SA group in 246 (21.0%), and AA group in 714 (60.9%). The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that, compared with the MA group, there was a reduction in the composite vascular event primary end point in the SA group (hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.27–0.92; P =0.03) and in the AA group (hazard ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.24–0.66; P 〈 0.001). Conclusions— This study showed that, compared with maintaining aspirin, switching to or adding alternative antiplatelet agents may be better in preventing subsequent vascular events in patients who experienced a new ischemic stroke while taking aspirin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 6
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 48, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 55-62
    Abstract: We compared baseline characteristics and outcomes at 3 months between patients with minor anterior circulation infarction (ACI) versus minor posterior circulation infarction (PCI), including the influence of large vessel disease on outcomes. Methods— This study is an analysis of a prospective multicenter registry database in South Korea. Eligibility criteria were patients with ischemic stroke admitted within 7 days of stroke onset, lesions in either anterior or posterior circulation, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of ≤4 at baseline. Patients were divided into 4 groups for further analysis: minor ACI with and without internal carotid artery/middle cerebral artery large vessel disease and minor PCI with and without vertebrobasilar large vessel disease. Results— A total of 7178 patients (65.2±12.6 years) were analyzed in this study, and 2233 patients (31.1%) had disability (modified Rankin Scale score 2–6) at 3 months. Disability was 32.3% in minor PCI and 30.3% in minor ACI ( P =0.07), and death was 1.3% and 1.5%, respectively ( P =0.82). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, minor PCI was significantly associated with disability at 3 months when compared with minor ACI (odds ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–1.37; P 〈 0.001). In pairwise comparisons, minor PCI with vertebrobasilar large vessel disease was independently associated with disability at 3 months, compared with the other 3 groups. Conclusions— Our study showed that minor PCI exhibited more frequent disability at 3 months than minor ACI. Especially, the presence of vertebrobasilar large vessel disease in minor PCI had a substantially higher risk of disability. Our results suggest that minor PCI with vertebrobasilar large vessel disease could require more meticulous care and are important targets for further study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 7
    In: Neurology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 94, No. 9 ( 2020-03-03), p. e978-e991
    Abstract: Stroke is a devastating and costly disease; however, there is a paucity of information on long-term costs and on how they differ according to 3-month modified Rankin scale (mRS) score, which is a primary outcome variable in acute stroke intervention trials. Methods We analyzed a prospective multicenter stroke registry (Clinical Research Collaboration for Stroke in Korea) database through linkage with claims data from the National Health Insurance Service with follow-up to December 2016. Healthcare expenditures were converted into daily cost individually, and annual and cumulative costs up to 5 years were estimated and compared according to the 3-month mRS score. Results Between January 2011 and November 2013, 11,136 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 68 years, and 58% were men. The median follow-up period was 3.9 years (range 0–5 years). Mean cumulative cost over 5 years was $117,576 (US dollars [USD]); the cost in the first year after stroke was the highest ($38,152 USD), which increased markedly from the cost a year before stroke ($8,718 USD). The mean 5-year cumulative costs differed significantly according to the 3-month mRS score ( p 〈 0.001); the costs for a 3-month mRS score of 0 or 5 were $53,578 and $257,486 USD, respectively. Three-month mRS score was an independent determinant of long-term costs after stroke. Conclusions We show that 3-month mRS score plays an important role in the prediction of long-term costs after stroke. Such estimates relating to 3-month mRS categories may be valuable when undertaking health economic evaluations related to stroke care.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-3878 , 1526-632X
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 8
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 49, No. Suppl_1 ( 2018-01-22)
    Abstract: Backgrounds: Previous studies demonstrated the association of resting heart rate with cardiovascular outcomes while there were only few evidence for patients who experienced ischemic stroke. As atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by rapidity and irregularity of heart rate, heart rate characteristics might be a predictor for future vascular event in patients with AF acute ischemic stroke. Methods: From a multicenter prospective registry of stroke patients, acute ischemic stroke patients with AF who admitted within 48 hours after stroke onset were included. Heart rate data during the first 24 hours after admission were collected and level and variability of heart rate were assessed by mean and coefficient of variation (CV). Primary outcome was a composite of stroke recurrence, myocardial infarction and all-cause death, which was prospectively captured until 1 year after stroke onset. Results: A total of 2,046 patients were included for the final analysis. There were 102 (5.0%) stroke recurrence, 9 (0.4%) myocardial infarction and 440 (21.5%) death events within 1 year after stroke onset. Proportional hazards regression models were constructed and the non-linearity of effects of heart rate parameters were examined for outcome events. Among all the associations, effects of mean heart rate on primary outcome and all-cause mortality were non-linear ( p’s for quadratic effect = 0.017 and 0.032, respectively). The overall effects were significant only for effects of mean heart rate on primary outcome and all-cause mortality (P =0.013 and P=0.006, respectively). Effects of CV on outcome variables were not significant. Conclusion: This study suggests that mean heart rate during the first day of hospitalization was a predictor of future vascular events in AF patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke and the association seems to be non-linear ‘J shaped’. However, heart rate variability did not affect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 9
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 50, No. Suppl_1 ( 2019-02)
    Abstract: Background: Strict blood pressure (BP) control among acute ischemic stroke (AIS) survivors would improve prognosis and decrease recurrent vascular events, which, however, has not been investigated in detail. Methods: AIS survivors at discharge who was admitted between 2010 and 2011 were included in the analysis dataset. Baseline characteristics were gathered through a multicenter prospective stroke registry (CRCS-K). BP measurements, clinic visit and prescription of BP-lowering medications after discharge were collected through medical records until 1 year (± 2 months of grace period). Recurrent vascular events until 1 year after stroke including stroke, myocardial infarction and death were gathered through a structured telephone interview by trained research registrars or medical records review. Individual treatment intensification (TI) scores were calculated by the following equation; (observed medication change - predicted medication change by a standard guideline) / number of clinic visit. TI scores were categorized into quintile groups and their associations with recurrent events were assessed by Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Of the 3482 AIS survivors, 2675 (77%) were diagnosed of hypertension and 1977 (57%) had BP-lowering medication prescription at discharge. Median NIHSS score at admission was 3 [1 - 6] points and 1573 (45.3%) had mRS score 0f 0 - 1 at discharge. TI score over 1-year after discharge was mean - 0.24 ± 0.30 and median - 0.15 [- 0.42, 0] . Compared to Q3 (third quintile; group TI score, - 0.15 ± 0.05), Q5 (group TI score, 0.04 ± 0.08) had higher proportion of cardioembolic stroke (32% vs 20%) and higher median NIHSS score (4 vs 3). Extreme groups of TI scores, Q1 or Q5, showed increased hazard for having mortality or composite events (see Table). Conclusions: Physicians’ attitudes toward elevated BP, represented by the TI score, was significantly associated with long-term vascular outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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  • 10
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 51, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 162-169
    Abstract: There is a paucity of information about the role of resting heart rate in the prediction of outcome events in patients with ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation. We aimed to investigate the relationships between the level and variability of heart rate in the acute stroke period and stroke recurrence and mortality after acute ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods— Acute patients with ischemic stroke who had atrial fibrillation and were hospitalized within 48 hours of stroke onset were identified from a multicenter prospective stroke registry database. The acute stroke period was divided into early (within 24 hours of hospitalization) and late (72 hours to 7 days from onset) stages, and data on heart rate in both stages were collected. Moreover, the level and variability of heart rate were assessed using mean values and coefficients of variation. Outcome events were prospectively monitored up to 1 year after the index stroke. Results— Among 2046 patients eligible for the early acute stage analysis, 102 (5.0%) had a stroke recurrence, and 440 (21.5%) died during the first year after stroke. A statistically significant nonlinear J-shaped association was observed between mean heart rate and mortality ( P 〈 0.04 for quadratic and overall effect) but not between mean heart rate and stroke recurrence ( P 〉 0.1 for quadratic and overall effect). The nonlinear and overall effects of the coefficients of variation of heart rate were not significant for all outcome variables. The same results were observed in the late acute stage analysis (n=1576). Conclusions— In patients with atrial fibrillation hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke, the mean heart rate during the acute stroke period was not associated with stroke recurrence but was associated with mortality (nonlinear, J-shaped association). The relationships between heart rate and outcomes were not observed with respect to heart rate variability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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