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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (4)
  • Lala, Sanjay G  (4)
  • 2020-2024  (4)
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  • Oxford University Press (OUP)  (4)
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  • 2020-2024  (4)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emotional and Behavioral Outcomes in Childhood for Survivors of Invasive Group B Streptococcus Disease in Infancy: Findings From 5 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Clinical Infectious Diseases Vol. 74, No. Supplement_1 ( 2022-01-20), p. S35-S43
    Details
    In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 74, No. Supplement_1 ( 2022-01-20), p. S35-S43
    Abstract: Survivors of invasive group B Streptococcus (iGBS) disease, notably meningitis, are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment. However, the limited studies to date have a median follow-up to 18 months and have mainly focused on moderate or severe neurodevelopmental impairment, with no previous studies on emotional-behavioral problems among iGBS survivors. Methods In this multicountry, matched cohort study, we included children aged 18 months to 17 years with infant iGBS sepsis and meningitis from health demographic surveillance systems, or hospital records in Argentina, India, Kenya, Mozambique, and South Africa. Children without an iGBS history were matched to iGBS survivors for sex and age. Our primary outcomes were emotional-behavioral problems and psychopathological conditions as measured with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The CBCL was completed by the child’s primary caregiver. Results Between October 2019 and April 2021, 573 children (mean age, 7.18 years) were assessed, including 156 iGBS survivors and 417 non-iGBS comparison children. On average, we observed more total problems and more anxiety, attention, and conduct problems for school-aged iGBS survivors compared with the non-iGBS group. No differences were found in the proportion of clinically significant psychopathological conditions defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition). Conclusions Our findings suggested that school-aged iGBS survivors experienced increased mild emotional behavioral problems that may affect children and families. At-risk neonates including iGBS survivors need long-term follow-up with integrated emotional-behavioral assessments and appropriate care. Scale-up will require simplified assessments that are free and culturally adapted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-4838 , 1537-6591
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab821
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002229-3
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stillbirths and Neonatal Deaths Caused by Group B Streptococcus in Africa and South Asia Identified Through Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS)
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Open Forum Infectious Diseases Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2023-09-01)
    Details
    In: Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2023-09-01)
    Abstract: Invasive Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a common cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis and is also associated with stillbirth. This study aimed to determine the proportion of stillborn infants and infants who died between 0 and 90 days attributable to GBS using postmortem minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) in 7 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) participating in Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS). Methods Deaths that occurred between December 2016 and December 2021 were investigated with MITS, including culture for bacteria of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), multipathogen polymerase chain reaction on blood, CSF, and lung tissue and histopathology of lung, liver, and brain. Data collection included clinical record review and verbal autopsy. Expert panels reviewed all information and assigned causes of death. Results We evaluated 2966 deaths, including stillborn infants (n = 1322), infants who died during first day of life (0 to & lt;24 hours, n = 597), early neonatal deaths (END) (1 day to & lt;7 days; END; n = 593), and deaths from 7 to 90 days (n = 454). Group B Streptococcus was determined to be in the causal pathway of death for 2.7% of infants (79 of 2, 966; range, 0.3% in Sierra Leone to 7.2% in South Africa), including 2.3% (31 of 1322) of stillbirths, 4.7% (28 of 597) 0 to & lt;24 hours, 1.9% (11 of 593) END, and 2.0% (9 of 454) of deaths from 7 to 90 days of age. Among deaths attributed to GBS with birth weight data available, 61.9% (39 of 63) of decedents weighed & lt;2500 grams at birth. Group B Streptococcus sepsis was the postmortem diagnosis for 100% (31 of 31) of stillbirths. For deaths & lt;90 days, postmortem diagnoses included GBS sepsis (83.3%, 40 of 48), GBS meningitis (4.2%, 2 of 48), and GBS pneumonia (2.1%, 1 of 48). Conclusions Our study reveals significant heterogeneity in the contribution of invasive GBS disease to infant mortality across different countries, emphasizing the need for tailored prevention strategies. Moreover, our findings highlight the substantial impact of GBS on stillbirths, shedding light on a previously underestimated aspect in LMICs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2328-8957
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad356
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757767-3
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Deaths Attributed to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Young Children in High–Mortality Rate Settings: Report from Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS)
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Clinical Infectious Diseases Vol. 73, No. Supplement_3 ( 2021-09-02), p. S218-S228
    Details
    In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 73, No. Supplement_3 ( 2021-09-02), p. S218-S228
    Abstract: Lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of death in young children, but few studies have collected the specimens needed to define the role of specific causes. The Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) platform aims to investigate causes of death in children aged & lt;5 years in high–mortality rate settings, using postmortem minimally invasive tissue sampling and other advanced diagnostic techniques. We examined findings for deaths identified in CHAMPS sites in 7 countries in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia to evaluate the role of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Methods We included deaths that occurred between December 2016 and December 2019. Panels determined causes of deaths by reviewing all available data including pathological results from minimally invasive tissue sampling, polymerase chain reaction screening for multiple infectious pathogens in lung tissue, nasopharyngeal swab, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid samples, clinical information from medical records, and verbal autopsies. Results We evaluated 1213 deaths, including 695 in neonates (aged & lt;28 days), 283 in infants (28 days to & lt;12 months), and 235 in children (12–59 months). RSV was detected in postmortem specimens in 67 of 1213 deaths (5.5%); in 24 deaths (2.0% of total), RSV was determined to be a cause of death, and it contributed to 5 other deaths. Younger infants (28 days to & lt;6 months of age) accounted for half of all deaths attributed to RSV; 6.5% of all deaths in younger infants were attributed to RSV. RSV was the underlying and only cause in 4 deaths; the remainder (n = 20) had a median of 2 (range, 1–5) other conditions in the causal chain. Birth defects (n = 8) and infections with other pathogens (n = 17) were common comorbid conditions. Conclusions RSV is an important cause of child deaths, particularly in young infants. These findings add to the substantial body of literature calling for better treatment and prevention options for RSV in high–mortality rate settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-4838 , 1537-6591
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab509
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002229-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    South African Children: A Matched Cohort Study of Neurodevelopmental Impairment in Survivors of Invasive Group B Streptococcus Disease Aged 5 to 8 Years
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Clinical Infectious Diseases Vol. 74, No. Supplement_1 ( 2022-01-20), p. S5-S13
    Details
    In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 74, No. Supplement_1 ( 2022-01-20), p. S5-S13
    Abstract: Invasive group B Streptococcus (iGBS) sepsis and meningitis are important causes of child mortality, but studies on neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) after iGBS are limited. Using Griffiths Mental Development Scales–Extended Revised (GMDS-ER), we described NDI in iGBS survivors and non-iGBS children from South Africa, as part of a 5-country study. Methods We identified children aged 5–8 years with a history of iGBS and children with no history of iGBS between October 2019 and January 2021. Children were matched on sex, and birth data (month, year) (matched cohort study). Moderate or Severe NDI was the primary outcome as a composite of GMDS-ER motor, GMDS-ER cognition, hearing, and vision. Secondary outcomes included mild NDI, any emotional-behavioral problems, and GMDS-ER developmental quotients (DQ) calculated by dividing the age equivalent GMDS-ER score by the chronological age. Results In total, 160 children (iGBS survivors, 43; non-iGBS, 117) were assessed. Among iGBS survivors 13 (30.2%) had meningitis, and 30 (69.8%) had sepsis. Six (13.9%) iGBS survivors, and 5 (4.3%) non-iGBS children had moderate or severe NDI. Children who survived iGBS were 5.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–28.93; P = .041) times more likely to have moderate or severe NDI at 5–8 years than non-iGBS children. Compared to the non-iGBS children, iGBS meningitis survivors had a significantly lower global median DQ (P  & lt; .05), as well as a lower median DQ for the language GMDS-ER subscale and performance GMDS-ER subscale (P  & lt; .05). Conclusions Children surviving iGBS, particularly meningitis, are more likely to have NDI at 5–8 years compared to non-iGBS children. Further research is required to improve detection and care for at-risk newborns.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-4838 , 1537-6591
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab814
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002229-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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