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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Feasibility and repeatability of ocular biometry measured with Lenstar LS 900 in a large group of children and adolescents
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol. 41, No. 3 ( 2021-05), p. 512-522
    Details
    In: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. 3 ( 2021-05), p. 512-522
    Abstract: To evaluate the feasibility and repeatability of Lenstar LS 900 biometry measurements in a paediatric population. Methods Children were examined as part of the LIFE Child Study (Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases), a population‐based study in Leipzig, Germany. Altogether, 1917 children, aged from 3.5 to 17.5 years, were assessed with the Haag Streit Lenstar LS 900. Three consecutive measurements of the right eye were analysed for axial length, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, aqueous depth, lens thickness and flat and steep corneal radii. The number of successful measurements and repeatability were evaluated for each parameter and three age bands (3.5 to 6.5 years, 6.5 to 10.5 years and 10.5 to 17.5 years). Results Best measurement feasibility was found for axial length and central corneal thickness (91% to 100%), followed by flat and steep corneal radii (86% to 100%), anterior chamber and aqueous depth (76% to 92%) and lens thickness (50% to 81%), with higher numbers for older children. Repeatability values (in mm) were: axial length 0.025 to 0.035; central corneal thickness 0.003 to 0.027; aqueous depth 0.024 to 0.058; anterior chamber 0.024 to 0.054; lens thickness 0.034 to 0.067. An overall trend showed better repeatability for older children, especially for central corneal thickness, aqueous depth and lens thickness. Conclusions For ocular biometry in the paediatric population, axial length, central corneal thickness, flat and steep corneal radii can be measured very reliably even in children from 4 years old onward using the Lenstar LS 900. Lens thickness can be quantified in a limited number of younger children. Repeatability was high for all variables investigated. Repeatability improved with age, reaching adult values in the adolescent age band. Established repeatability limits can be applied in future studies as a quality parameter.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0275-5408 , 1475-1313
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/opo.v41.3
    DOI: 10.1111/opo.12807
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008422-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The LIFE Child study: a population-based perinatal and pediatric cohort in Germany
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2017
    In:  European Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2017-2), p. 145-158
    Details
    In: European Journal of Epidemiology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2017-2), p. 145-158
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0393-2990 , 1573-7284
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10654-016-0216-9
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004992-4
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  • 3
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    Ocular biometry in children and adolescents from 4 to 17 years: a cross‐sectional study in central Germany
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol. 41, No. 3 ( 2021-05), p. 496-511
    Details
    In: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Wiley, Vol. 41, No. 3 ( 2021-05), p. 496-511
    Abstract: To evaluate ocular biometry in a large paediatric population as a function of age and sex in children of European descent. Methods Children were examined as part of the LIFE Child Study (Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Disease), a population‐based study in Leipzig, Germany. Altogether, 1907 children, aged from 4 to 17 years, were examined with the Lenstar LS 900. Data from the right eye was analysed for axial length, central corneal thickness, flat and steep corneal radii, aqueous depth, lens thickness and vitreous depth. Wavefront‐based autorefraction was employed for analysis. Results Axial length increased in girls from 21.6 mm (4 years) up to 23.4 mm (17 years); this increase (0.174 mm per year) was statistically significant up to age 14 (23.3 mm). Axial length increased in boys from 22.2 mm (4 years) up to 23.9 mm (17 years); this increase (0.178 mm per year) was statistically significant up to age 10 (23.3 mm). No change was observed for central corneal thickness (average: girls 550 µm; boys 554 µm). Corneal curvature in girls was somewhat flatter at age 4 (7.70 mm) compared to age 10 (7.78 mm), whereas it was constant in boys (7.89 mm). Aqueous depth at age 4 was 2.73 mm for girls and 2.86 mm for boys, with the same rate of increase per year (girls: 0.046 mm; boys: 0.047 mm) from age 4 to 10. At age 17, aqueous depth was 3.06 mm in girls and 3.20 mm in boys. Lens thickness was reduced from age 4 (3.75 mm) to age 10 (3.47 mm) in girls and from age 4 (3.73 mm) to age 10 (3.44 mm) in boys, with the same rate of decrease per year of 0.046 and 0.047 mm, respectively. At age 17, lens thickness was 3.52 mm in girls and 3.50 mm in boys. Vitreous depth at age 4 was 14.51 mm for girls and 15.08 mm for boys; with 0.156 mm (girls) or 0.140 mm (boys) increase per year until age 14 (girls: 16.08 mm; boys: 16.48 mm). At age 17, vitreous depth was 16.29 mm in girls and 16.62 mm in boys. Conclusions Eye growth (axial length) in girls showed a lag of about four years compared to boys. Aqueous depth increase matches the lens thickness decrease from ages 4 to 10 years in girls and boys. Lens thickness minimum is reached at 11 years in girls and at 12 years in boys. All dimensions of the optical ocular components are closely correlated with axial length. These data may serve as normative values for the assessment of eye growth in central European children and will provide a basis for monitoring refractive error development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0275-5408 , 1475-1313
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/opo.v41.3
    DOI: 10.1111/opo.12814
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008422-5
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Automated detection of the choroid boundary within OCT image data using quadratic measure filters
    SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Biomedical Optics Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2017-02-11), p. 025004-
    Details
    In: Journal of Biomedical Optics, SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng, Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2017-02-11), p. 025004-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1083-3668
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.22.2.025004
    Language: English
    Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001934-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Monochromatic ocular high‐order aberrations in children and adolescents
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol. 43, No. 4 ( 2023-07), p. 842-859
    Details
    In: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Wiley, Vol. 43, No. 4 ( 2023-07), p. 842-859
    Abstract: To investigate the prevalence and repeatability of high‐order aberrations (HOAs) from non‐cyclopleged eyes in 1515 children and adolescents 2.5–18 years of age. Methods The Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases (LIFE)‐Child study is a population‐based, prospective, observational single‐centre study that investigates the development of children and adolescents in Germany. Wavefront measurements were repeated three times in each eye of 1515 healthy subjects. Results were described by 36 Zernike coefficients for a 5 mm reference pupil diameter. Short‐term repeatability is given for each coefficient. The impact on vision is described by the root mean squared (RMS) value of the HOA Zernike coefficients. Results High‐order aberrations were dominated by five contributions. For 1004 right eyes: spherical aberration ( c 12  = 0.06  ±  0.07 μm), coma ( c 7  = 0.03  ±  0.09 μm, c 8  = 0.03  ±  0.06 μm) and trefoil ( c 6  =  − 0.01  ±  0.07 μm, c 9  = 0.008  ±  0.06 μm). The RMS value was 0.18  ±  0.06 μm. Modes higher than fourth order do not contribute clinically to the aberrations. HOAs show no clinically significant dependency with age. Instead, HOA values agree well with previous results on aberrations in adult eyes. Spherical aberration was highly correlated between the two eyes. Repeatability was worst for coma, 0.033 μm, due to variability in the alignment of the pupil centre. The left eye showed, on average, a 0.08 mm larger pupil diameter than the right eye ( p  〈  0.02). Conclusions Across the age span from 2.5 to 18 years, we see the same distribution of HOA as for adults. We established that only five Zernike coefficients, spherical aberration, coma and trefoil were of clinical significance in healthy eyes. A high correlation between the two eyes for spherical aberration suggests a common blueprint for each eye in any one subject.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0275-5408 , 1475-1313
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/opo.v43.4
    DOI: 10.1111/opo.13151
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008422-5
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  • 6
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    The relationship between myopia and near work, time outdoors and socioeconomic status in children and adolescents
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  BMC Public Health Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-11-10)
    Details
    In: BMC Public Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-11-10)
    Abstract: To investigate environmental and social risk factors for myopia in children and adolescents in Germany. Methods 1437 children aged between 3 and 18 inclusive were examined as part of the LIFE Child study based in Leipzig, Germany. Information about leisure time activities and social status was ascertained by parents and children in a questionnaire. Refractive status was attained by measuring noncycloplegic autorefraction. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ − 0.75 D. Risk factors were identified using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results In multiple logistic regression analysis, myopia was significantly associated with less frequent outdoor activity (“once a week” vs. “twice a week or more”: odds ratio (OR) 4.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.89–9.98, p 〈 0.01) and longer near work sessions (1–2 h vs. 〈 1 h: OR 1.83, CI 1.10–3.04, p=0.02; 〉 3 h vs. 〈 1 h: OR 3.71, CI 1.43–9.61, p 〈 0.01) after adjustment for age, sex and socioeconomic status (SES). Duration of outdoor activity, near work frequency and SES showed no significant association with myopia (p  〉  0.05). Children with a lower SES were involved in longer periods of outdoor and near work activities but on fewer occasions over the course of the week, although this connection was not significant. Conclusion Myopia is associated with environmental factors. The present findings suggest that daily exposure to sunlight and a restriction of long-duration near work activities might protect against pathological eye growth. Prevention strategies should be implemented for children at all ages.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2458
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14377-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041338-5
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Refraktionsstatus in einer deutschen pädiatrischen Kohorte: Eine Querschnittsanalyse der LIFE Child-Daten
    DOZ-Verlag Optische Fachveroffentlichung GmbH ; 2021
    In:  Optometry & Contact Lenses Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2021-6-29), p. 6-13
    Details
    In: Optometry & Contact Lenses, DOZ-Verlag Optische Fachveroffentlichung GmbH, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2021-6-29), p. 6-13
    Abstract: Purpose. Current prevalence rates of myopia in children and adolescents vary all over the world, with especially high prevalence rates in East Asian countries. The objective of this study was to describe the refractive status in children and adolescents growing up in Germany. Material and Methods. Non-cycloplegic refractive status of children of the LIFE Child study in Leipzig, Germany, was measured by wavefront-based autorefraction in 1934 sub- jects (925 girls / 1009 boys), aged 3 to 16 years (mean = 9.05 ± 3.91). Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refractive error (SE) ≤ -0.75 diopters (D), emmetropia as -0.75 D 〉 SE 〈 +0.75 D, hyperopia as SE ≥ +0.75 D and astigmatism as cylinder ≤ -0.75 D. Anisometropia was defined as a difference of ≥ 1.0 D in the SE between the two eyes. Results. Analysis revealed that refractive error became more myopic with older age (b = -0.08, p 〈 0.001), with an observed prevalence of myopia of 27 % in 16-year-old children (4 % in 3-year-olds). The true prevalence of myopia might be lower as non-cycloplegic measurements might overestimate ref- ractive error in myopes and underestimate refractive error in hyperopes which in turn may overestimate the prevalence of myopia. The prevalence of anisometropia also increased with growing age (OR = 1.14, observed prevalence in 3- versus 16-year-olds = 2.3 % and 8.1 %, respectively). The prevalence of astigmatism was 11.8 %. Conclusion. Myopia prevalence in German children aged 3 to 16 years is around or even less than 10 %, taking into consideration that measurements were carried out without cycloplegia. Our results are comparable to other European paediatric studies. In comparison to East-Asian countries myopia prevalence, and thus the risk for eye diseases related to high myopia, is much lower in Germany. Keywords Myopia, prevalence, refraction, anisometropia, astigmatism, hyperopia
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2748-8217
    Uniform Title: Refractive status in a German pediatric cohort: A cross-sectional Analysis of the LIFE Child data
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54352/dozv.BWQA3644
    DOI: 10.54352/dozv.HISM2127
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: DOZ-Verlag Optische Fachveroffentlichung GmbH
    Publication Date: 2021
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