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  • 1
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 24, No. Supplement_7 ( 2022-11-14), p. vii77-vii77
    Abstract: A synergistic inhibiting effect on glioblastoma cell proliferation was reported for the combination of TTFields and radiotherapy. Based on these preclinical findings, we performed the phase I/II PriCoTTF trial in adult nGBM patients to investigate the safety and efficacy of TTFields therapy initiated prior and concomitant to radiochemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this phase I/II trial, TTFields therapy was initiated following surgery and continued throughout radiochemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy for a total of approximately 9 months. TTFields rechallenge was allowed at recurrence. Radiotherapy was conducted with arrays applied on the patients’ scalp. Safety and tolerance are the study’s primary endpoint, determined by a selection of pre-specified treatment-limiting toxicities (TLTs). RESULTS A total of 33 patients have been enrolled. Patients' characteristics were mostly typical for glioblastoma, except for a rather low fraction of patients with gross total resection (GTR, 22.5%). The distribution of adverse events of ≥ common toxicity criteria (CTC) grade 3 was comparable to that of established glioblastoma trials. Notably, skin toxicity of ≥ CTC grade 3 was uncommon (n = 2, 6%). No patient developed TLTs. Median TTFields treatment duration was 8.4 months. Overall survival data was not mature enough (event rate 48%) to allow for a definite conclusion Notably, on multivariable Cox regression, the number of days with TTFields adherence & gt; 23 hours was independently associated with overall survival (HR 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.93 - 0.99, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION The PriCoTTF trial met its primary endpoint indicating that combined TTFields and radiotherapy is safe and well tolerated. High-grade skin toxicity was quite uncommon and the patients with high TTFields adherence seem to perform particularly well. An extended follow-up is required to provide first estimates regarding putative efficacy. At that point in time, the reduced overall TTFields duration and fraction of patients with GTR need to be factored in.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094060-9
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  • 2
    In: Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 44, No. 3 ( 2019-3), p. 214-220
    Abstract: With the advent of the revised WHO classification from 2016, molecular features, including isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation have become important in glioma subtyping. This pilot trial analyzed the potential for 11 C-methionine (MET) PET/MRI in classifying glioma according to the revised WHO classification using a machine learning model. Methods Patients with newly diagnosed WHO grade II–IV glioma underwent preoperative MET-PET/MRI imaging. Patients were retrospectively divided into four groups: IDH wild-type glioblastoma (GBM), IDH wild-type grade II/III glioma (GII/III-IDHwt), IDH mutant grade II/III glioma with codeletion of 1p19q (GII/III-IDHmut1p19qcod) or without 1p19q-codeletion (GII/III-IDHmut1p19qnc). Within each group, the maximum tumor-to-brain-ratio (TBRmax) of MET-uptake was calculated. To gain generalizable implications from our data, we made use of a machine learning algorithm based on a development and validation subcohort. A support vector machine model was fit to the development subcohort and evaluated on the validation subcohort. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis served as metric to assess model performance. Results Of a total of 259 patients, 39 patients met the inclusion criteria. TBRmax was highest in the GBM cohort (TBRmax 3.83 ± 1.30) and significantly higher ( P = 0.004) compared to GII/III-IDHmut1p19qnc group, where TBRmax was lowest (TBRmax 2.05 ± 0.94). ROC analysis showed poor AUC for glioma subtyping (AUC 0.62) and high AUC of 0.79 for predicting IDH status. In the GII/III-IDHmut1p19qcod group, TBR values were slightly higher than in the IDHmut1p19qnc group. Conclusions MET-PET/MRI imaging in pre-operatively classifying glioma entities appears useful for the assessment of IDH status. However, a larger trial is needed prior to translation into the clinical routine.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1536-0229 , 0363-9762
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2045053-9
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  • 3
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 22, No. Supplement_2 ( 2020-11-09), p. ii61-ii61
    Abstract: Survival rates were significantly improved when adding TTFields to adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (nGBM) in the phase 3 EF-14 trial. TTFields therapy is applied at 200 kHz by arrays that are placed at the patients’ scalp. In preclinical studies, the combination of TTFields and radiotherapy demonstrated synergistically enhanced efficacy in GBM cells. Here, we present the PriCoTTF trial, which is currently enrolling nGBM patients and will assess the safety and efficacy of TTFields initiated prior and concomitant to radiochemotherapy. METHODS After surgery and complete wound-healing, TTFields therapy will be initiated in newly diagnosed GBM patients. TTFields therapy will continue throughout radiochemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy for a total of approximately 9 months. Radiotherapy will be conducted through the arrays, by which TTFields therapy is delivered. Totally, thirty-three patients will be enrolled in two arms. In arm A, 20 adult patients will be enrolled to receive normo-fractionated radiotherapy and in arm B, 13 elderly patients will be treated by hypo-fractionated radiotherapy. The patients will receive chemotherapy according to institutional standard and interdisciplinary tumor conference. RESULTS Safety and tolerance based on the frequency of pre-specified treatment-limiting toxicities is defined as primary endpoint of the trial. Secondary endpoints include the frequency of adverse events, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). The trial is currently enrolling patients at four sites in Germany. To date, 13 patients were included (May 2020). Initial practical experiences will be presented. CONCLUSION The combination of TTFields and radiotherapy is an encouraging approach to further improve survival of GBM patients. In the presented phase I/II trial, the safety and efficacy of TTFields initiated prior and concomitant to RT in newly diagnosed GBM will be assessed. In addition, initial efficacy data (phase II) can serve as a rationale for a randomized phase III trial.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
    Online Resource
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    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Neuro-Oncology Vol. 24, No. Supplement_7 ( 2022-11-14), p. vii77-vii77
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 24, No. Supplement_7 ( 2022-11-14), p. vii77-vii77
    Abstract: Despite a plethora of studies since the EORTC/NCIC trial in 2005, glioblastoma (GBM) prognosis remains poor. We here identify and compare glioblastoma phase III trials in terms of efficacy and baseline characteristics in an attempt to summarize the experience of the past 16 years. METHODS A systematic literature search using PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted to provide an overview of clinically relevant GBM phase III trials (years 2005-2021) of adult patients younger than 70 years of age. Search results were screened according to predefined inclusion criteria and either excluded or included in further analysis on study design, baseline characteristics, and survival results. RESULTS Eleven trials from the literature and clinical trial database fulfilled the search criteria. Among these trials, a total of three GBM phase III trials reported overall survival (OS) benefit, including the EORTC/NCIC study (NCT00006353), EF-14 (NCT00916409) and CeTeG/NOA09 (NCT01149109). All three studies demonstrate similar hazard ratios, which translate into risk reduction of about 40%. Furthermore, low toxicity profile and mostly preserved quality of life were attributed to the treatments tested. Looking at the study designs, eight out of eleven trials were open label randomized trials, including all of the positive ones, and only three negative trials employed treatment blinding and a placebo control. Canonical baseline characteristics (extent of resection, age, gender, MGMT promoter methylation status) did not significantly differ between positive and negative trials. IDH mutation status was analyzed in only two trials, each showing a small percentage of IDH-mutant tumors only. CONCLUSION This analysis on GBM phase III trials conducted between 2005 and 2021 revealed that the majority of trials did not show a significant improvement in overall survival. CeTeG/NOA-09 and EF-14 are the only two studies with positive overall survival outcome since the EORTC/NCIC trial in 2005.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094060-9
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  • 5
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 24, No. Supplement_7 ( 2022-11-14), p. vii78-vii79
    Abstract: When brain cancer relapses, treatment options are scarce. The use of molecularly matched targeted therapies may provide a feasible and efficacious way to treat individual patients based on the molecular tumor profile. Since little information is available on this strategy in neuro-oncology, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical course of 41 patients who underwent advanced molecular testing at disease relapse. METHODS We performed Sanger sequencing, targeted next generation sequencing, and immunohistochemistry for analysis of potential targets, including programmed death ligand 1, cyclin D1, phosphorylated mechanistic Target of Rapamycin, telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B deletion, or BRAF-V600E mutation. In selected patients, whole exome sequencing was conducted. RESULTS The investigation included 41 patients of which 32 had isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wildtype glioblastoma. Molecular analysis revealed actionable targets in 31 of 41 tested patients and 18 patients were treated accordingly (matched therapy group). Twenty-three patients received molecularly unmatched empiric treatment (unmatched therapy group). In both groups, 16 patients were diagnosed with recurrent IDH wildtype glioblastoma. The number of severe adverse events was comparable between the therapy groups. Regarding the IDH wildtype glioblastoma patients, median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) were longer in the matched therapy group (mPFS: 3.8 versus 2.0 months, p = 0.0057; mOS: 13.0 versus 4.3 months, p = 0.0357). CONCLUSIONS These encouraging data provide a rationale for molecularly matched targeted therapy in glioma patients. For further validation, future study designs need to additionally consider prevalence and persistence of actionable molecular alterations in patient tissue.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094060-9
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  • 6
    In: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 146, No. 3 ( 2020-03), p. 787-792
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0171-5216 , 1432-1335
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1459285-X
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  • 7
    In: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 149, No. 7 ( 2023-07), p. 3513-3526
    Abstract: When brain cancer relapses, treatment options are scarce. The use of molecularly matched targeted therapies may provide a feasible and efficacious way to treat individual patients based on the molecular tumor profile. Since little information is available on this strategy in neuro-oncology, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical course of 41 patients who underwent advanced molecular testing at disease relapse. Methods We performed Sanger sequencing, targeted next generation sequencing, and immunohistochemistry for analysis of potential targets, including programmed death ligand 1, cyclin D1, phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin, telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B deletion, or BRAF-V600E mutation. In selected patients, whole exome sequencing was conducted. Results The investigation included 41 patients, of whom 32 had isocitrate dehydrogenase ( IDH ) wildtype glioblastoma. Molecular analysis revealed actionable targets in 31 of 41 tested patients and 18 patients were treated accordingly (matched therapy group). Twenty-three patients received molecularly unmatched empiric treatment (unmatched therapy group). In both groups, 16 patients were diagnosed with recurrent IDH wildtype glioblastoma. The number of severe adverse events was comparable between the therapy groups. Regarding the IDH wildtype glioblastoma patients, median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) were longer in the matched therapy group (mPFS: 3.8 versus 2.0 months, p  = 0.0057; mOS: 13.0 versus 4.3 months, p  = 0.0357). Conclusion These encouraging data provide a rationale for molecularly matched targeted therapy in glioma patients. For further validation, future study designs need to additionally consider the prevalence and persistence of actionable molecular alterations in patient tissue.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0171-5216 , 1432-1335
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1459285-X
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  • 8
    In: Neuro-Oncology Advances, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2022-01-01)
    Abstract: The randomized phase 3 CeTeG/NOA-09 trial assessed whether CCNU plus temozolomide was superior to temozolomide alone in newly diagnosed MGMT promoter methylated glioblastoma patients. Survival was significantly improved from 31.4 months (temozolomide) to 48.1 months (CCNU plus temozolomide). In view of this encouraging data, we assessed safety and efficacy of this regimen under real-life conditions. Methods We retrospectively collected clinical and radiographic data from adult newly diagnosed MGMT promoter methylated IDH wildtype glioblastoma patients from five neuro-oncology centers in Germany. For inclusion in our analysis, treatment with CCNU and temozolomide had to be performed for at least six weeks (one course). Results Seventy patients were included. Median progression-free survival was 14.4 months and median overall survival 33.8 months. Patients with TTFields treatment for at least 8 weeks and CCNU plus temozolomide (n = 22, 31%) had a prolonged progression-free survival compared to those with TTFields treatment for less than eight weeks (n = 48, 69%) (21.5 versus 11.2 months; P = .0105). In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, TTFields treatment for eight weeks or longer together with CCNU plus temozolomide and a Karnofsky performance score ≥ 90% were independent prognostic factors for progression-free and overall survival. Pseudoprogression occurred in n = 16 (33%) of investigated n = 49 (70%) patients. In n = 31 (44%) patients high-grade hematotoxicity was observed. Conclusions The results from this multicentric trial indicate that—under real-life conditions—toxicity and survival estimates are comparable to the CeTeG/NOA-09 trial. TTFields therapy for at least eight weeks in combination with this regimen was independently associated with prolonged survival.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2632-2498
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3009682-0
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  • 9
    In: Neuro-Oncology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 24, No. Supplement_7 ( 2022-11-14), p. vii81-vii82
    Abstract: Disease relapse almost inevitably occurs in patients with adult-type diffuse glioma. Standard of care treatment options at tumor relapse are still not well defined. Few studies indicate that the combination of trofosfamide plus etoposide (T/E) may be feasible in pediatric glioblastoma patients. We collected clinicopathological data from adult patients with adult-type diffuse glioma treated with the combination of Trofosfamide (100mg/m2/day) and Etoposide (25mg/m2/day) for a minimum of four weeks at the Division of Clinical Neurooncology at the University Hospital Essen. T/E was administered orally in a “one week on, one week off” scheme. A cohort of patients receiving empiric treatment at the investigators’ discretion balanced for tumor entity and canonical prognostic factors served as control. We collected toxicity data as it pertained to CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.0) and survival data to explore putative efficacy.A total of 33 patients were eligible for this analysis. In the IDH wild-type glioblastoma (n = 18) subgroup, median progression-free survival (3.8 months versus 2.9 months, HR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.010-4.312, p = 0.0227; PFS-6: 39% versus 6%) and median overall survival (10.4 months versus 5.7 months, HR: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.393-6.655, p = 0.0008) were significantly prolonged as compared to the control cohort. In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, treatment with T/E emerged as statistically significant prognostic marker regarding progression-free survival and overall survival. We observed high-grade adverse events (CTCAE grade III or higher) in 21 (64%) of all recurrent glioma patients with hematotoxicity comprising most adverse events (n = 18, 86%; Lymphopenia: n=13, 62%). This study provides first indication that the combination of T/E is safe in patients with adult-type diffuse gliomas and may be associated with prolonged survival in adult patients with recurrent IDH wildtype glioblastoma. Our data provide a reasonable rationale for follow-up of a larger cohort in a prospective controlled trial.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1522-8517 , 1523-5866
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094060-9
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  • 10
    In: Neuro-Oncology Advances, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2023-01-01)
    Abstract: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain cancer with a poor prognosis. Despite numerous studies in the past 17 years, effective treatment options for glioblastoma remain limited. In this study, we aimed to identify and compare phase III clinical trials for glioblastoma in terms of efficacy and baseline characteristics. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify phase III clinical trials for glioblastoma in adult patients. The target population included adult patients aged 18 years and above (younger cohort) and patients ≥60 years of age (elderly cohort). The search results were screened based on predefined inclusion criteria, and the included trials were analyzed for their study design, baseline characteristics, and survival results. Results Eleven trials met the inclusion criteria in the younger cohort. Of these, three reported a statistically significant improvement in overall survival (OS), including the EORTC/NCIC study (NCT00006353), EF-14 (NCT00916409), and CeTeG (NCT01149109). Of the 11 trials, eight were open-label randomized trials, including all of the positive ones, while three negative trials employed treatment blinding and a placebo control. The baseline characteristics of the trials [such as extent of resection, age, gender, and O(6)-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status] did not significantly differ between positive and negative trials. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status was analyzed in only two trials, with a small percentage of IDH-mutated tumors in each. Additionally, three more trials in the elderly cohort showed a statistically significant improvement of OS, the NOA-08 trial, the ISRCTN81470623-tr ial by Malmström et al. and NCT00482677-trial by Perry et al. Their baseline characteristics and implications are also analyzed. Conclusion This analysis of phase III clinical trials for glioblastoma conducted since 2005 showed that the majority of trials did not result in a significant improvement in OS. Among the trials included in this analysis, only the EORTC/NCIC, EF-14, and CeTeG studies demonstrated a positive OS outcome in the younger cohort.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2632-2498
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3009682-0
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