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  • Frontiers Media SA  (13)
  • Johnson, Mark I.  (13)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perspective on salutogenic approaches to persistent pain with a focus on mindfulness interventions
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Pain Research Vol. 4 ( 2023-8-29)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pain Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 4 ( 2023-8-29)
    Abstract: In this article, we provide a unique perspective on the use of mindfulness interventions in a whole health framework embedded within the theory of salutogenesis and the concept of painogenic environments. We argue that mindfulness is a valuable tool to bridge exploration of inner experiences of bodily pain with socio-ecological influences on thoughts and emotions. We outline research from neuroimaging studies that mindfulness techniques mediate neural processing and neuroplastic changes that alleviate pain and related symptoms. We also review evidence examining behavioural changes associated with mindfulness meditation providing evidence that it promotes self-regulatory activity, including the regulation and control of emotion and catalysation of health behaviour changes; both of which are important in chronic illness. Our viewpoint is that mindfulness could be a core element of salutogenic approaches to promote health and well-being for people living with pain because it rebuilds a fractured sense of cohesion. Mindfulness empowers people in pain to embrace their existence; shifting the focus away from pain and giving their lives meaning. We propose that integrating mindfulness into activities of daily living and individual or community-based activities will promote living well in the modern world, with or without pain; thus, promoting individual potential for fulfilment. Future research should consider the effects of mindfulness on people with pain in real-life settings, considering social, environmental, and economic factors using a broader set of outcomes, including self-efficacy, sense of coherence and quality of life.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-561X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1188758
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3035397-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Past Adversity Influencing Now (PAIN): perspectives on the impact of temporal language on the persistence of pain
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Pain Research Vol. 4 ( 2023-9-18)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pain Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 4 ( 2023-9-18)
    Abstract: Persistent pain is a significant healthcare issue, often unresponsive to traditional treatments. We argue for incorporating non-biomedical perspectives in understanding pain, promoting more comprehensive solutions. This article explores how language, specifically time-related terms, may affect the persistence (stickiness) of pain. We delve into how language influences one's experience of the world, especially in understanding pain through spatial metaphors. Notably, time perceptions differ across languages and cultures and there is no absolute construct of temporal pain experience. In English, time is viewed linearly as past, present, and future. We introduce a framework called Past Adversity Influencing Now (PAIN) which includes various temporal phases of pain; Past Perfect, Past Imperfect, Present, Future Imperfect, and Future Perfect. We suggest that past negative memories (emotional memory images) can “trap” individuals in a “sticky” pain state. We speculate that the process of diagnosing pain as “chronic” may solidify this “stickiness”, drawing from the ancient Greek idea of “logos”, where pain communicates a message across time and space needing recognition. Our PAIN framework encourages examining pain through a temporal lens, guiding individuals towards a more positive future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-561X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1244390
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Split-Second Unlearning: Developing a Theory of Psychophysiological Dis-ease
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Psychology Vol. 12 ( 2021-11-29)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Psychology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-11-29)
    Abstract: Psychophysiological “stress” underpins many conditions including anxiety, depression, phobias, chronic fatigue syndrome and non-specific musculoskeletal pain such as fibromyalgia. In this article we develop an understanding of chronic psychophysiological stress from a psychological educational perspective, by drawing on supporting evidence that significant emotional events in early life (traumatic and benign) can influence health and well-being later in life. We suggest that traumatic events instigate psychophysiological “stress” responses and the formation of emotional memory images (EMIs) within very short time frames, i.e., “split-second learning.” Once formed these emotional memories are triggered in daily living “re-playing” psychophysiological stress responses, resulting in chronic psychophysiological “dis-ease.” We describe a novel therapeutic approach to scan clients for mannerisms signifying a subconscious “freeze-like” stress response that involves the client as a curious observer within their own experience, feeding back the non-verbal cues as they arrive in the moment. By breaking down the observable fragments of their split-second Pavlovian response to the trigger, clients can detach their EMI from the psychophysiology stress response, i.e., “split-second unlearning.” Our split-second unlearning model recognizes the EMI as a barrier to moving forward and needs to be unlearned before the client can become naturally adaptive again. We argue that this approach places the client at the center of the work without the need of getting bogged down in a life-long narrative.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-1078
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.716535
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2563826-9
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Editorial: Pain education research: advances, innovations, and challenges
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2024
    In:  Frontiers in Pain Research Vol. 5 ( 2024-4-8)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pain Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 5 ( 2024-4-8)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-561X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2024.1403461
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Pain Research Vol. 4 ( 2023-5-30)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pain Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 4 ( 2023-5-30)
    Abstract: People struggle to tell their story of living with pain and when they do it is articulated in a way that may not be understood, heard or taken seriously. Unmasking Pain is an artist-led project that explored creative approaches to tell stories of life with pain. The project was led by a dance theatre company that specialises in storytelling and emotional experiences for players and audiences. The project involved artists and people living with ongoing pain co-creating activities and environments to curiously explore “oneself”, through imagination and creative expression. This article discusses insights and perspectives emerging from the project. The project revealed the power of art to make-sense of oneself with or without pain, and how art facilitates expression of complex inner experience and personal stories. People described Unmasking Pain as “explorative joy despite pain”, and “a new set of rules” that contrasts with those experienced during clinical encounters. We discuss how art has the potential to improve clinical encounters and promote health and well-being, and whether artist-led activities are an intervention, therapy, or something else. Pain rehabilitation specialists from the project described Unmasking Pain as “freeing-up thinking”, allowing conceptual thought beyond the biopsychosocial model of pain. We conclude that art has the potential to shift people living with pain from “I can't do, I am not willing to do it” to “Perhaps I can, I'll give it a go, I enjoyed”.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-561X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1179116
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1179116.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Incorporating personal narratives in positive psychology interventions to manage chronic pain
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Pain Research Vol. 4 ( 2023-10-6)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pain Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 4 ( 2023-10-6)
    Abstract: In this perspective paper, we argue for incorporating personal narratives in positive psychology interventions for chronic pain. Narratives refer to the telling and retelling of events. Narratives detail accounts of events and provide rich, in-depth information on human interactions, relationships, and perspectives. As such, narratives have been used to understand people’s experiences with pain and pain coping mechanisms—as well as to facilitate therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, narrative research has shown that narration can help restore and promote relief, calm, hope, self-awareness, and self-understanding in chronic pain sufferers. Positive psychology interventions have been successful in improving the lives of people living with chronic pain, but these psychology interventions do not typically incorporate personal narratives. Still, narrative, and positive psychology scholarship foci overlap, as both aim to enhance people’s quality of life, happiness, and well-being, and to promote the understanding of psychosocial strengths and resources. In this article, we provide a rationale for incorporating personal narratives as an agentic form of positive psychology intervention. To that aim, we outline areas of convergence between positive psychology and narrative research and show how combining positive psychology exercises and narration can have additive benefits for pain sufferers. We also show how integrating narration in positive psychology intervention research can have advantages for healthcare research and policy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-561X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1253310
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3035397-X
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  • 7
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    Perspectives on the insidious nature of pain metaphor: we literally need to change our metaphors
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Pain Research Vol. 4 ( 2023-9-15)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pain Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 4 ( 2023-9-15)
    Abstract: Metaphorical language is used to convey one thing as representative or symbolic of something else. Metaphor is used in figurative language but is much more than a means of delivering “poetic imagination”. A metaphor is a conceptual tool for categorising, organizing, thinking about, and ultimately shaping reality. Thus, metaphor underpins the way humans think. Our viewpoint is that metaphorical thought and communication contribute to “painogenicity”, the tendency of socio-ecological environments (settings) to promote the persistence of pain. In this perspectives article, we explore the insidious nature of metaphor used in pain language and conceptual models of pain. We explain how metaphor shapes mental organisation to govern the way humans perceive, navigate and gain insight into the nature of the world, i.e., creating experience. We explain how people use metaphors to “project” their private sensations, feelings, and thoughts onto objects and events in the external world. This helps people to understand their pain and promotes sharing of pain experience with others, including health care professionals. We explore the insidious nature of “warmongering” and damage-based metaphors in daily parlance and demonstrate how this is detrimental to health and wellbeing. We explore how metaphors shape the development and communication of complex, abstract ideas, theories, and models and how scientific understanding of pain is metaphorical in nature. We argue that overly simplistic neuro-mechanistic metaphors of pain contribute to fallacies and misnomers and an unhealthy focus on biomedical research, in the hope of developing medical interventions that “prevent pain transmission [sic]”. We advocate reconfiguring pain language towards constructive metaphors that foster a salutogenic view of pain, focusing on health and well-being. We advocate reconfiguring metaphors to align with contemporary pain science, to encourage acceptance of non-medicalised strategies to aid health and well-being. We explore the role of enactive metaphors to facilitate reconfiguration. We conclude that being cognisant of the pervasive nature of metaphors will assist progress toward a more coherent conceptual understanding of pain and the use of healthier pain language. We hope our article catalyses debate and reflection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-561X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1224139
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3035397-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perspectives on emotional memory images and the persistence of pain
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Pain Research Vol. 4 ( 2023-7-26)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pain Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 4 ( 2023-7-26)
    Abstract: Multiple influences prevent recovery from pain. Our viewpoint is that non-conscious emotional memory images (EMIs) triggers outdated stress responses contributing to the intractability of pain. In this perspectives article we explore the concept that EMIs contribute to the persistence of pain. We contend that psychophysiological “stress” responses, resulting from first-time, novel and unprecedented pernicious or adverse events form EMIs within very short time frames (split-second learning). Subsequently, these EMIs are re-triggered in daily living, “re-playing” stress responses. We postulate that EMIs continually “raise the alarm” to socio-ecological stimuli by re-triggering the HPA-axis and amplifying neural input associated with threat, fear, anxiety, and pain, creating a debilitating state of psychophysiological dis-ease. We position the EMI within a philosophical debate on the nature and locus of memory and explain how the EMI, irrespective of whether it is a “thing” or a metaphor, can create a basis of understanding for the client to grasp. We describe a therapeutic approach (Split-Second Unlearning) to “clear” EMIs and the “stickiness” of pain and help people embark on a healing journey. This involves surveillance of clients for micro-expression(s) signifying an in-the-moment stress response, representative of the presence of an EMI, and encouraging the client to become a curious observer within/of their own experience. This helps the client detach their EMI from its stress response. We contend that this occurs rapidly without the need to get bogged down in a whole-life narrative. We advocate further exploration of our EMI model of dis-ease in the context of intractable pain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-561X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1217721
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3035397-X
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Perspectives on community-based system change for people living with persistent pain: insights from developing the “Rethinking Pain service”
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2024
    In:  Frontiers in Pain Research Vol. 5 ( 2024-3-20)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pain Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 5 ( 2024-3-20)
    Abstract: In this perspective article we advocate community-based system change for people living with persistent pain. Our view is that greater use of the voluntary and community sector, in partnership with the clinical sector, creates the conditions for a “whole person” approach to pain management, leading to greater personalised care for adults living with long-term pain whilst having the potential to ease some of the pressures on General Practitioners and other clinical services. We advocate pain care that is socially connected, meaningful within socio-cultural contexts and aligned with the principles of salutogenesis. We provide an example of a UK National Health Service (NHS) commissioned pain service called “Rethinking Pain” that operationalises this perspective. Led by the voluntary and community sector, Rethinking Pain works in partnership with the clinical sector to provide a central holistic pathway of care for people experiencing persistent pain. This is the first time that this model of care has been commissioned for persistent pain in this area of England. The Rethinking Pain service is underpinned by core values to work with people to manage their pain holistically. The Rethinking Pain team proactively engage with people in the community, actively approaching and engaging those who experience the biggest health inequalities. In this article we provide an overview of the context of pain services in the UK, the rationale and supporting evidence for community-based system change, and the context, pathway, values, goals, and aspirations of the Rethinking Pain service.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-561X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2024.1299027
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3035397-X
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    A healthy settings approach to addressing painogenic environments: New perspectives from health promotion
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Pain Research Vol. 3 ( 2022-9-27)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pain Research, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 3 ( 2022-9-27)
    Abstract: Structural approaches to promoting health focus on policies and practices affecting health at the community level and concentrate on systems and forces of society, including distribution of power, that foster disadvantage and diminish health and well-being. In this paper we advocate consideration of structural approaches to explore macro level influences on the burden of persistent pain on society. We argue that health promotion is an appropriate discipline to ameliorate painogenic environments and that a “settings approach” offers a crucial vehicle to do this. We encourage consideration of socio-ecological frameworks to explore factors affecting human development at individual, interpersonal, organizational, societal, and environmental levels because persistent pain is multifaceted and complex and unlikely to be understood from a single level of analysis. We acknowledge criticisms that the structural approach may appear unachievable due to its heavy reliance on inter-sectoral collaboration. We argue that a settings approach may offer solutions because it straddles “practical” and cross-sectorial forces impacting on the health of people. A healthy settings approach invests in social systems where health is not the primary remit and utilises synergistic action between settings to promote greater health gains. We offer the example of obesogenic environments being a useful concept to develop strategies to tackle childhood obesity in school-settings, community-settings, shops, and sports clubs; and that this settings approach has been more effective than one organisation tackling the issue in isolation. We argue that a settings approach should prove useful for understanding painogenic environments and tackling the burden of persistent pain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-561X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.1000170
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3035397-X
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